Clinical application of “black bone” imaging in paediatric craniofacial disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200061
Author(s):  
Xi Zhen Low ◽  
Mei Chin Lim ◽  
Vincent Nga ◽  
Gangadhara Sundar ◽  
Ai Peng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Bone Imaging ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Radiosensitive Organs ◽  
Short Echo Time ◽  
Ongoing Concern

For decades, CT has been the primary imaging modality for the diagnosis and surveillance of paediatric craniofacial disorders. However, the deleterious effects of ionising radiation in the paediatric population are well established and remain an ongoing concern. This is especially so in the head and neck region, which has relatively poor soft tissue shielding with many radiosensitive organs. The development of “black bone” imaging utilising low flip angles and short echo time (TE) has shown considerable promise in alleviating the use of ionising radiation in many cases of craniofacial disorders. In this review article, we share our experience of utilising “black bone” sequence in children with craniofacial pathologies, ranging from traumatic injuries to craniosynostosis and focal osseous/fibro-osseous lesions such as fibrous dysplasia and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). A detailed discussion on the technical aspects of “black bone” sequence, including its potential pitfalls and limitations, will also be included.

scholarly journals Xanthogranuloma of the external auditory canal—an atypical anatomical manifestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James T Connell ◽  
Thu Nguyen ◽  
Andrew S Carney ◽  
Sheldon Chong
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Soft Tissue Lesion ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Abstract Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a proliferative cutaneous manifestation encountered in the paediatric population. Adult cases are uncommon, but have been reported. Lesions are prevalent in the head and neck region, but rarely observed in the external auditory canal. We present the case of a 39-year-old female with a rapidly progressing obstructive soft tissue lesion of the external auditory canal. Surgical excision diagnosed the lesion as a rarely observed otological manifestation of juvenile xanthogranuloma. Surgical excision was curative with no locoregional recurrence. Otolaryngologists should consider juvenile xanthogranuloma as a differential for atypical soft tissue cutaneous lesions of the head and neck, including in divergent populations.

Cystic lymphangioma of the stomach with marked reactive changes: a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction in adult

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e233582
Author(s):  
Mamita Nayak ◽  
Suvendu Purkait ◽  
Prakash Kumar Sasmal ◽  
Pradip Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patient ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cystic Lymphangioma ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Cystic Lymphangiomas ◽  
Reactive Changes

Cystic lymphangiomas are benign lymphatic tumours which usually affect the paediatric population and are predominantly located in the head and neck region. Its occurrence during adulthood and an intra-abdominal location are both extremely uncommon. Clinically and radiologically, these lesions often mimic malignancy. Infrequently, these tumours can undergo degenerative and reactive changes obscuring the diagnostic features. We describe hereby an anecdote of cystic lymphangioma with marked reactive changes presenting with the features of gastric outlet obstruction in an adult patient.

Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the head and neck region in the paediatric population: a clinicopathological and genetic study of seven cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Flucke ◽  
Bastiaan B J Tops ◽  
Paul J van Diest ◽  
Pieter J Slootweg
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Head And Neck Region

A family with pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma inherited tumour syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zschieschang ◽  
V. Prasad ◽  
D. Moskopp ◽  
B. Knie ◽  
M. Plotkin
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hereditary Pheochromocytoma ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

SummaryAim: Hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndromes are characterized by multiple pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGLs), inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Early detection and removal of tumours may prevent or minimize complications related to mass effects and malignant transformation. Having confirmed the diagnosis, it is important to localize the tumours and reveal their extent preoperatively. This study aimed to introduce 18F-DOPA PET/CT as a highly sensitive noninvasive diagnostic tool for early detection of mass lesions in patients with pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma inherited tumour syndrome and to report about its impact on patient management. Patients, methods: We are currently supervising one of the largest documented families in Germany with genetically determined SDHD gene mutation. We performed 18F-DOPA PET/CT in order to detect tumours in asymptomatic gene carriers and enable subsequent surgical therapy. Results: In seven patients undergoing 12 18F-DOPA PET/CT scans 17 lesions have been detected. Three of these lesions, located in the head and neck region, have had no morphologic correlate in CT and one had also no morphologic correlate in MRI. Of the six histologically analyzed lesions five have been tumors (PGL or PCC) and one has been a nodular hyperplasia. This means the 18F-DOPA PET/CT scan in our study group had a sensitivity of 83%. 18F-DOPA PET/CT investigations lead to change in the management in 5/7 studied patients (70%). Conclusion: The benefits of PET/ CT in detection of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are well documented, but we are the first to use this technique for screening of a rare hereditary disease (estimated prevalence 0.3/100 000).

scholarly journals The effectiveness of oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma on the head and neck region: A case series

2021 ◽  
pp. 106120
Author(s):  
Prasetyanugraheni Kreshanti ◽  
Nandya Titania Putri ◽  
Valencia Jane Martin ◽  
Chaula Luthfia Sukasah
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Infantile Hemangioma ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Oral Propranolol

scholarly journals Infantile haemangioma: 5-year experience at the vascular anomaly clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Abdelhamid AbouZeid ◽  
Iman A. Ragab ◽  
Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad ◽  
Wael Ahmed Ghanem ◽  
Haytham Mohamed Nasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Tumour Regression ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spontaneous Involution ◽  
Infantile Haemangiomas

Abstract Background Infantile haemangiomas (IH) represent a common benign vascular tumour affecting the paediatric population. Infantile haemangiomas are characterised by a natural history differentiating it from other vascular anomalies. After a transient proliferative phase in early infancy, the tumour passes through a plateau phase before going into spontaneous involution. In this report, we tried to share our experience over the last 5 years in managing cases presenting with IH at a specialised vascular anomaly clinic. Main body of abstract This report included cases of IH who were attending the vascular anomaly clinic during the period 2015 through 2019. Data of all patients attending the clinic were retrospectively examined. Files of 103 cases with IH were available for review. The diagnosis of IH was usually straight forward owing to the typical history and characteristic findings at clinical examination. A significant female predominance was noticed. Generally, IH were more common in the head and neck region (70%). Active intervention was necessary in specific situations (eye occlusion, airway involvement, large lesions with skin ulcerations). Whenever intervention proved to be necessary, propranolol was chosen as the first line of treatment with a favourable response detected in about 90% of cases. Surgery was still a valid option (6%) for lesions amenable to resection; however, we must put in consideration that most lesions will spontaneously regress. Conclusion Infantile haemangiomas are common benign vascular tumours of infancy with relatively few complications. Cosmesis is a major concern especially for lesions affecting the face. Propranolol can induce tumour regression in most cases, and generally, a favourable outcome can be anticipated.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Strategies for Untreated Capillary Malformations of the Head and Neck Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Cinkara ◽  
Ginger Beau Langbroek ◽  
Chantal M. A. M. van der Horst ◽  
Albert Wolkerstorfer ◽  
Sophie E. R. Horbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Kimura disease: a rare cause of a recurrent cheek mass in a Jamaican man

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Williams ◽  
Carlos Neblett ◽  
Jade Arscott ◽  
Sheena McLean ◽  
Shereika Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Western World ◽  
Kimura Disease ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Abstract Kimura disease (KD) is a chronic, inflammatory, benign disorder endemic to Asia that typically manifests as a triad of painless masses in the head and neck region, elevated eosinophils and serum immunoglobulin. It usually affects young men in their second and third decades of life and is rarely seen outside of the orient. This is a report of a case of KD in a young man of African descent who presented with a cheek mass. KD was not included in our differential diagnosis, and this report highlights the need to consider this entity, which can be easily missed due to its rarity in the Western world. There is no cure for the disease, and management includes medical and surgical modalities, but local recurrence or relapse is not uncommon.

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