scholarly journals Διαδίκτυο και Ενημέρωση: προβλήματα και εκπαίδευση

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2Α) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Τιμολέων Νικόλαος Θεοφανέλλης ◽  
Μαρία Αντίκα
Keyword(s):  
Fake News ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Filter Bubble

Ο ερχομός του διαδικτύου στην ενημέρωση αναμενόταν να φέρει πολυφωνία και αντικειμενικότητα. Ωστόσο, φαινόμενα όπως οι ψευδής ειδήσεις (fake news), ο αντίλαλος (echo chamber) και η φιλτραρισμένη φούσκα (filter bubble) αξιοποιώντας ανθρώπινες αδυναμίες απλά ενίσχυσαν τα δεδομένα που υπήρχαν πριν την έλευση του διαδικτύου. Τα φαινόμενα αυτά ενισχύονται μέσα από αλγορίθμους που χρησιμοποιούν ιστότοποι για να παρέχουν δωρεάν υπηρεσίες στους χρήστες, ενώ παράλληλα έχουν κέρδος από την προσέλκυση και την παραμονή των χρηστών σε αυτές. Παρόλα αυτά στο διαδίκτυο υπάρχει πολυφωνία, αλλά για να φτάσουμε σε αυτή χρειάζεται να αναγνωρίσουμε αυτά τα φαινόμενα, να ευαισθητοποιηθούμε απέναντι τους και να εκπαιδευτούμε ώστε να καταφέρουμε να φτάσουμε στην αντικειμενική και πολυφωνική ενημέρωση. Είναι απαραίτητα να είμαστε κριτικοί σε αυτά που ακούμε και διαβάζουμε προκειμένου να είμαστε σε θέση να ασκήσουμε μεγαλύτερο έλεγχο στο μέλλον μας σε σχέση με τους ανθρώπους που δεν διαθέτουν αυτή τη γνώση.

scholarly journals DISINFORMATION DECONSTRUCTEDCOGNITION SECURITY AND DIGITAL CONTROL

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (1) ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Maria Magdalena POPESCU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The Media ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
New Research

Fake News and Deepfakes have lately been highlighted in informative videos, research papers and literature reviews as tools for disinformation, along with filter bubble and echo chamber, polarization and mistrust. To counteract the unconventional weapons of word and imagery, a new research area has been defined as cognition security, a transdisciplinary area to understand the threats hybrid wars currently make use of and to determine the proper measures against non-kinetic offensives. For this, data mining and deep analysis are performed with digital instruments in a cognitive security system. Defined by all these, the present paper deconstructs the terms in an experimental monitoring of the media, to connect the realm of Cognition Security to its instruments in Cognitive Security Key words: Fake news, deepfake, cognitive security, narrat

The Internet and Access to Information about Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 228-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Dutton ◽  
Bianca C. Reisdorf ◽  
Grant Blank ◽  
Elizabeth Dubois ◽  
Laleah Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Us ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
Filter Bubbles

Concern over filter bubbles, echo chambers, and misinformation on the Internet are not new. However, as noted by Howard and Bradshaw (Chapter 12), events around the 2016 US presidential election and the UK’s Brexit referendum brought these concerns up again to near-panic levels, raising questions about the political implications of the algorithms that drive search engines and social media. To address these issues, the authors conducted an extensive survey of Internet users in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the US, asking respondents how they use search, social media, and other media for getting information about politics, and what difference these media have made for them. Their findings demonstrate that search is one among many media gateways and outlets deployed by those interested in politics, and that Internet users with an interest in politics and search skills are unlikely to be trapped in a filter bubble, or cocooned in a political echo chamber.

Pengaruh algoritma filter bubble dan echo chamber terhadap perilaku penggunaan internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-111
Author(s):  
Virani Wulandari ◽  
Gema Rullyana ◽  
Ardiansah Ardiansah
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Data ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
User Data ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Filter Bubble

Introduction. This study aims to explore effects of bubble filter and echo chamber on information searching behaviour on the internet, how it affects the scope of the internet ecosystem and users, and what we can see from the behaviour. Data Collection Method. The paper used a mixed-methods approach with surveys, online discussions, and literature research. Twenty respondents between 19-21 years old participated in this exploratory study. Analysis Data. Data was obtained and calculations have automatically accumulated through Google Form. The user data analysis and discussion were conducted manually by considering aspects of rationality concerning the literature and previous research. Results and Discussions. The analysis results obtained were bubble filter and echo chambers were proven to affect internet users both in positive and negative ways. Conclusions. Bubble filter and echo chamber may have both positive and negative effects simultaneously, however, it depends on the user because the system has provided control features to reduce both features. Using internet wisely is also parts of the important aspect.  

Echo Chambers, Fake News, and Social Epistemology

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-227
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lackey
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Fox News ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Echo Chamber

A familiar criticism of Donald Trump is that, in watching only Fox News and similar news sources, he is creating a dangerous echo chamber for himself. Echo chambers are said to be responsible for a host of today’s problems, including the degradation of democracy. This diagnosis is fundamentally incorrect, and this chapter examines the two dominant explanations of the distinctively epistemic problem with echo chambers and shows that each is wanting. Echo chambers, by themselves, are not epistemically problematic. Echo chambers are characterized in purely structural terms, but what is needed to capture what is wrong with Trump’s exposure to only Fox News is content-sensitive. It is not that Trump is relying on a single source for news, but that he is relying on one that is unreliable. Finally, the chapter calls attention to the challenge of social media bots and the role of non-ideal social epistemology.

Fake news and ideological polarization

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Spohr
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
New Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
Media Politics ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
Relevant Factors

This article addresses questions of ideological polarization and the filter bubble in social media. It develops a theoretical analysis of ideological polarization on social media by considering a range of relevant factors. Over recent years, fake news and the effect of the social media filter bubble have become of increasing importance both in academic and general discourse. The article reviews the assumption that algorithmic curation and personalization systems place users in a filter bubble of content that decreases their likelihood of encountering ideologically cross-cutting news content. At the intersection of new media, politics and behavioural science, the article establishes a theoretical framework for further research and future actions by society, policymakers and industries.

scholarly journals Social and Spatial Precursors to Innovation: The Diversity Advantage of the Creative Fringe

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bilandzic ◽  
Dario Casadevall ◽  
Marcus Foth ◽  
Greg Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Social ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Navigation Patterns ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Creativity And Innovation

Innovation spaces and hubs are increasing in numbers internationally. Entrepreneurs and start-up founders who use these spaces and hubs are often unaware of being inside an echo chamber, i.e. a filter bubble they share with only like-minded people who have similar ideas and approaches to innovation. Digital technologies that use algorithms can aggravate these echo chambers by filtering towards improved personalised experience and preferences. Yet, social inclusion fosters diverse ideas and creativity, hence, has a positive impact on innovation. We studied the social navigation patterns of entrepreneurs and start-up founders, and their awareness and opinion about homogeneity in innovation spaces. This data informed the design of a tool to escape their echo chambers. The tool gives its users the opportunity to discover networks and innovation spaces that are at the creative fringe, that is, marginalised from mainstream spaces and hubs for creativity and innovation. Our findings show that users of innovation spaces often find themselves surrounded by like-minded people. Further, our study participants welcomed the ability to identify fringe spaces in order to discover and access more diverse people and ideas. Our approach seeks to unlock the diversity advantage of the creative fringe for the purpose of creativity and innovation.

Pedagogy to Disrupt the Echo Chamber

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-349
Author(s):  
Mary Traester ◽  
Chris Kervina ◽  
Noel Holton Brathwaite
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Engagement ◽  
Digital Publishing ◽  
Belief Formation ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Peer Modeling ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Echo Chamber

Abstract This article addresses the challenges of fake news and echo chambers in the digital age by exploring the possibility that susceptibility to misinformation derives not from an inevitable fault in the medium of digital publishing but, rather, from the slower development and adoption of pedagogies that leverage digital tools for reading. The authors examined student annotations and argue that focusing on reading using collaborative digital annotation can stimulate knowledge acquisition and personal belief formation and, further, can assist educators to evaluate the effectiveness of instruction and intervene where needed. Digital annotation tools promote affective and cognitive engagement with texts and enable both instructor-to-peer and peer-to-peer modeling of reading strategies.

ECHO CHAMBERS AND EPISTEMIC BUBBLES

Episteme ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Epistemic Virtue ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
Epistemic Structure

ABSTRACTDiscussion of the phenomena of post-truth and fake news often implicates the closed epistemic networks of social media. The recent conversation has, however, blurred two distinct social epistemic phenomena. An epistemic bubble is a social epistemic structure in which other relevant voices have been left out, perhaps accidentally. An echo chamber is a social epistemic structure from which other relevant voices have been actively excluded and discredited. Members of epistemic bubbles lack exposure to relevant information and arguments. Members of echo chambers, on the other hand, have been brought to systematically distrust all outside sources. In epistemic bubbles, other voices are not heard; in echo chambers, other voices are actively undermined. It is crucial to keep these phenomena distinct. First, echo chambers can explain the post-truth phenomena in a way that epistemic bubbles cannot. Second, each type of structure requires a distinct intervention. Mere exposure to evidence can shatter an epistemic bubble, but may actually reinforce an echo chamber. Finally, echo chambers are much harder to escape. Once in their grip, an agent may act with epistemic virtue, but social context will pervert those actions. Escape from an echo chamber may require a radical rebooting of one's belief system.

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