Longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) diversity in a fragmented temperate forest landscape

Longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are an important component of temperate forest ecosystems. We trapped longhorned beetles in forests in northwest Ohio during 2008 to test the hypothesis that larger forests have greater species diversity than smaller forests. Large forests had a significantly greater cerambycid species richness than small forests (t = 3.16. P = 0.02), and there was a significant relationship between forest size and cerambycid species richness.

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Contrasting the Effect of Forest Landscape Condition to the Resilience of Species Diversity in a Human Modified Landscape: Implications for the Conservation of Tree Species

Land ◽

10.3390/land9010004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mulugheta Ghebreslassie Araia ◽

Paxie Wanangwa Chirwa ◽

Eméline Sêssi Pélagie Assédé

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Species Richness ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Forest Landscape ◽

Leading Change ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Local Species Richness ◽

Β Diversity ◽

Local Species

Using landscape moderation insurance and Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH) as frameworks, this study assessed the response of local assemblage among different land use regimes (mean β-diversity), using the Jaccard dissimilarity matrix in contrasting Human Modified Forest Landscapes (HMFLs). The study was conducted at the relatively simplified Mafhela Forest Reserve and the complex Thathe Vondo Forest Reserve in South Africa. The patterns of overall β-diversity between HMFL and State-protected Indigenous Forests (SIF) were compared and the leading change drivers were then untangled. This study found that human disturbance affects mean β-diversity of local assemblages among land use regimes between the two HMFLs in an ecologically contrasting manner. The HMFL in Mafhela Forest Reserve had distinct local assemblages among land use regimes and did not conform to the expectation of IDH. On average, HMFL had the same average local species richness as SIF, mainly due to change in species composition (species replacement) induced by land use disturbance. Land use intensity gradient was the leading change driver to explain the overall β-diversity of the Mafhela Forest Reserve. The findings in the Thathe Vondo Forest Reserve were in contrast with the Mafhela Forest Reserve. Although on average the HMFL had the same local species richness as SIFs, this was mainly due to a trade-off of species gain in trees along the rivers and streams and species loss in Culturally Protected Areas (sacred forests) (CPA) as expected by IDH. The contrasting findings imply that the effectiveness of any alternative conservation strategy is context-dependent. The resilience of local assemblages and conservation value of HMFL depends on the condition of the overall forest landscape complexity and cannnot be captured by one theory, nor by one species diversity matrix (e.g., β-diversity or Richness). It thus demands the application of complementary theoretical frameworks and multilevel modeling.

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Stand Composition, Tree-Related Microhabitats and Birds—A Network of Relationships in a Managed Forest

Forests ◽

10.3390/f13010103 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Łukasz Piechnik ◽

Jan Holeksa ◽

Mateusz Ledwoń ◽

Przemysław Kurek ◽

Grażyna Szarek-Łukaszewska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Temperate Forest ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Bird Species ◽

Basal Area ◽

Deciduous Trees ◽

Managed Forest ◽

Tree Stand ◽

Cavity Nesters

Forest ecosystems contain many tree-related microhabitats (TreMs), which are used by various groups of organisms. Birds use TreMs for shelter, foraging and breeding. The abundance and variability of TreMs is related to tree stand composition and age. Over the last few centuries there has been a drastic decline in the structural and biological diversity of temperate forests over large areas of the Northern Hemisphere. These changes have reduced the diversity and quantity of TreMs. In this study we showed the relationships between stand composition, the abundance of TreMs, and the species richness of birds in a managed forest. We focused on TreMs that are important to birds: woodpecker breeding cavities, rot holes, dead branches, broken treetops, and perennial polypores. Our study was performed in a managed lowland temperate forest. In 94 plots (10 ha each) we made bird surveys and inventoried the stand composition and TreMs. Our results show that the tree stand composition of a managed forest affects the abundance of TreMs. The share of deciduous trees in the stand favors the occurrence of such TreMs as dead branches, rot holes and perennial polypores. The overall richness of bird species and the species richness of primary cavity nesters depended on the total basal area of oak, hornbeam and birch, whereas the species richness of secondary cavity nesters increased with the total basal area of birch and oak.

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Effects of Tree Species Diversity and Stand Structure on Carbon Stocks of Homestead Forests in Maheshkhali Island, Southern Bangladesh

10.21203/rs.3.rs-78041/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tarit Kumar Baul ◽

Avinanda Chakraborty ◽

Rajasree Nandi ◽

Mohammed Mohiuddin ◽

Antti Kilpeläinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Stand Density ◽

Tree Species Diversity ◽

Soil C ◽

C Stocks ◽

Homestead Forests ◽

C Stock

Abstract BackgroundThis study aimed to estimate the carbon (C) stocks in homestead forest ecosystems (trees, litterfall, and soil) of Maheshkhali Island in Bangladesh and how tree species diversity and stand structural variation affected these C stocks. We randomly surveyed a total of 239 homestead forests proportionately allocating in hillside (67), beachside (69), and inland (103) in 2019 for measuring woody plants and sampling litterfall and C in soil at 0-30 cm depth. Tree (above- and below-ground) biomass was estimated by using pan-tropical allometric equations, and carbon of litterfall and soil were analyzed in a laboratory. ResultsWe found a total of 52 tree species, of which, 41, 42, and 48 species were in the hillside, beachside, and inland, respectively, corresponding to the individuals of 840, 540, and 1504 sampled. According to the results, species diversity, richness, stand density, basal area (BA), and tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and height were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater in the hillside and inland homestead forests, compared to the beachside. Most abundant species, for example, Mangifera indica, Samanea saman, and Artocarpus heterophyllus in the inland and hillside homestead forests stored most C in biomass, compared to the beachside forest. Tree biomass C stocks were 48-67% greater in the inland and hillside than on beachside forests due to significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater stand density, BA, and DBH. The overall C stock of litterfall was 0.1% of the total biomass carbon. C stock in soil surface was greatest in the hillside homestead forests due to the greatest litterfall. The total soil C stock was also affected by tree species, stand density and species richness, and their interaction with soil properties. Total soil C stocks across the depths were greatest (51 Mg ha-1) in the inland homestead forests, with the greatest stand density and species richness. ConclusionsHomestead forest ecosystems across the area stored total 96 Mg C ha-1, which thus can contribute to climate change mitigation while generating C credit for small-scale homestead forests owners as well as conserving biodiversity in Bangladesh and countries alike.

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Species diversity and richness of wild birds in Dagona-Waterfowl sanctuary, Nigeria

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.53.9745 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (53) ◽

pp. 6460-6478

Author(s):

GA Lameed ◽

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Bird Species ◽

The State ◽

Wild Birds ◽

Vegetation Density ◽

Bird Species Richness ◽

Bird Species Diversity ◽

Normally Distributed

The study of bird species diversity and richness in Dagona-Waterfowl Sanctuary was carried out during the midst of both early wet and late dry seasons, to provide comprehensive data on wild birds. Dagona Sanctuary is located within the BadeNguru Wetland sector. It is one of the important bird areas marked for the conservation of avifauna species in sub-Sahara region, Nigeria. Line Transect method was used to carry out birds’ survey at three different lake sites, namely: Gatsu (site:1), Mariam (site: 2) and Oxbow (site: 3). The instruments used were GarminTM 12 Global Positioning System (GPS), a pair of binoculars for bird’s identification, a field guide test- book and a 1,000 meters tape-rule. The data were tested with the Kolmogorov- Smirnov method o determine distribution level and birds’ diversity was assessed using Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, while parametric tests were applied for all data. The results showed that bird species diversity was normally distributed in all the sites, site 2 had the highest diversity (2.74) compared to site 1: (1.84) and site 3: (1.62). Likewise, bird species richness in the area was normally distributed and significantly different (P<0.05) among the three sites. Site 1 had the highest number of bird species richness (16.36) (Species diversity is different species of birds at the site, while species richness is referring to specific species population), compared to site 2: (14.32) and site 3: (11.51). It was observed that there is a significant relationship between vegetation density and bird species diversity, because as tree density increases, diversity of bird species decreases. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between vegetation density and bird species diversity. A total of 135 bird species in 40 families was recorded during the survey. Seventy-four percent were found in site1, sixty-three percent in site 2 and seventy-one percent in site 3. The majority of wetland birds observed during this study were resident (Ardeidae family), migratory (Accipitridae family) and palearctic species (Yellow Wagtail, Warblers, Northern Shoveler and Sandpipers). It can be concluded that wild birds are good indicators of environmental condition, revealing the state of the wetland. Some sites were more disturbed, as observed in site 1 and site 3. It was, however, recommended that regular monitoring of the sites should be carried out so as to control changes in the state of the wetland ecosystem.

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