Bronchoalveolar Lavage Findings of Radiation Induced Lung Damage in Rats

: Radiation-induced lung injury is characterized by an acute pneumonia phase followed by a fibrotic phase. At the time of irradiation, a rapid, short-lived burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH) occurs, but chronic radiation-induced lung injury may occur due to excess ROS such as H2O2 , O2•− , ONOO− , and •OH. Molecular hydrogen (H2 ) is an efficient antioxidant that quickly diffuses cell membranes, reduces ROS such as •OH and ONOO− , and suppresses damage caused by oxidative stress in various organs. In 2011, through the evaluation of electron-spin resonance and fluorescent indicator signals, we had reported that H2 can eliminate •OH and can protect against oxidative stress-related apoptotic damage induced by irradiation of cultured lung epithelial cells. We had explored for the first time the radioprotective effects of H2 treatment on acute and chronic radiation-induced lung damage in mice by inhaled H2 gas (for acute) and imbibed H2 -enriched water (for chronic). Thus, we had proposed that H2 be considered a potential radioprotective agent. Recent publications have shown that H2 directly neutralizes highly reactive oxidants and indirectly reduces oxidative stress by regulating the expression of various genes. By regulating gene expression, H2 functions as an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic molecule and promotes energy metabolism. The increased evidence obtained from cultured cells or animal experiments reveal a putative place for H2 treatment and its radioprotective effect clinically. This review focuses on major scientific advances of in the treatment of H2 as a new class of radioprotective agents.

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Late Reacting Tissues: Radiation-Induced Lung Damage

Radiation Oncology: Radiobiological and Physiological Perspectives ◽

10.1007/978-94-015-7865-3_13 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 357-393

Author(s):

Hassan K. Awwad

Keyword(s):

Lung Damage ◽

Radiation Induced

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Use of bronchoalveolar lavage to detect lung damage.

Environmental Health Perspectives ◽

10.1289/ehp.8456115 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 115-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

R F Henderson

Keyword(s):

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Lung Damage

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Preclinical models of radiation-induced lung damage: challenges and opportunities for small animal radiotherapy

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20180473 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (1095) ◽

pp. 20180473 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mihaela Ghita ◽

Victoria Dunne ◽

Gerard G Hanna ◽

Kevin M Prise ◽

Jaqueline P Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Animal ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Preclinical Models ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Small Animal Radiotherapy

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Automated Pulmonary Fibrosis Segmentation Using a 3D Multi-Scale Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Approach in Thoracic CT for the Rhesus Macaque with Radiation-Induced Lung Damage

Journal of Signal Processing Systems ◽

10.1007/s11265-020-01605-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dong Yang ◽

Giovanni Lasio ◽

Baoshe Zhang ◽

Byong Yi ◽

Shifeng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Rhesus Macaque ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Thoracic Ct ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Convolutional Encoder

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Bleomycin and radiation-induced lung damage in mice

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/0007-1285-56-661-21 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 56 (661) ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. H. Collis ◽

J. D. Down ◽

A. E. Pearson ◽

G. G. Steel

Keyword(s):

Lung Damage ◽

Radiation Induced

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Radiation-induced lung damage: Etiopathogenesis, clinical features, imaging findings and treatment

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns1208319v ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (7-8) ◽

pp. 319-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ljiljana Vasic ◽

Predrag Djurdjevic

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Radiation Pneumonitis ◽

Life Quality ◽

Absorbed Dose ◽

Diagnostic Error ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Radiation Dose Rate ◽

Radiation Induced

Introduction. This review is related to the mechanism of development of radiation induced pneumonitis, its pathological, clinical and radiological features and therapy. The team treating cancer patients consists of radiation oncologists and oncologists, as well as general practitioners, pulmologists and radiologists for monitoring effects of therapy. Therefore, a different number of specialists should be familiar with the importance of diagnosis in order to avoid differential diagnostic error in relation to infection, relapse or metastasis, chemotherapeutic adverse effects. Lung damage by ionizing radiation. Factors that influence the development of radiation pneumonitis are numerous: (1) the volume of irradiated parenchyma (2) the absorbed dose, (3) the number of fractions which divided the absorbed dose, (4) the size of individual doses per fraction, (5) radiation dose rate (the radiotherapy output device). Acute radioneumonitis is characterized by dyspnea, cough, and, rarely, fever and chest pain. The timely treatment of the symptoms makes it easier for patients and reduces the likelihood of developing pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis. There are no specific markers in serum or sputum that would definitely indicate the development of acute pneumonitis. Changes in lung radiography and computed tomography may suggest its development; however, extra diagnostics information sometime needs to be obtained from magnetic resonance images and positron emission tomography to make diagnosis and choose the treatment. Conclusion. The longer survival results from new modalities of treatment applied in cancer patients, and the prevention of adverse effects of radiation therapy is getting more important since longlasting toxicity affects the life quality.

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