Effects of Field and Greenhouse Solarization on Soil Microbiota and Weed Seeds in the Northeast USA

An experiment was laid down in a screen house to determine the distribution of weed seeds at different soil depths and periods of cultivation of sugarcane in Ilorin, Nigeria. Soil samples from different depth levels (0-10 cm, 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm) were collected after harvesting of canes from three different land use fields (continuous sugarcane cultivation for > 20 years, continuous sugarcane cultivation for < 10 years after long fallow period and continuous sugarcane cultivation for < 5 years after long fallow period) in November, 2012. One kilogram of the sieved composite soil samples was arranged in the screen house and watered at alternate days. Germinating weed seedlings were identified, counted and then pulled out for the period of 8 months. Land use and soil depth had a highly significant (p £ 0.05) effect on the total number of weeds that emerged from the soil samples. The 010 cm of the soil depth had the highest weed seedlings that emerged. There was an equal weed seed distribution at the 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm depths of the soil. Sugarcane fields which have been continuously cultivated for a long period of time with highly disturbing soil tillage practices tend to have larger seed banks in deeper soil layers (11-20 cm and 21-30 cm) while recently opened fields had significantly larger seed banks at the 0-10 cm soil sampling depth.

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Stimulation of natural enzymes for germination of mimosa weed seeds to enhanced bioethanol production

3 Biotech ◽

10.1007/s13205-021-02859-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Rameshprabu Ramaraj ◽

Prakash Bhuyar ◽

Kodchapan Intarod ◽

Netnapa Sameechaem ◽

Yuwalee Unpaprom

Keyword(s):

Bioethanol Production ◽

Weed Seeds ◽

Stimulation Of

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Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10050186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 186 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽

Janusz Smagacz ◽

Cezary A. Kwiatkowski ◽

Elżbieta Harasim ◽

Andrzej Woźniak

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Seed Bank ◽

Soil Seed Bank ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Agricultural Science ◽

No Till ◽

Weed Flora ◽

Weed Seeds ◽

Direct Sowing

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

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