scholarly journals Pré-Compreensão e círculo hermenêutico em Rudolf Bultmann: investigações sobre as influências em Hans-Georg Gadamer

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
José Edvaldo Pereira Sales

DOI:10.12957/ek.2017.30173O artigo inicia com uma breve introdução ao pensamento de Rudolf Bultmann quanto ao Kerygma e à desmitologização (Entmythologisierung) com ênfase para as influências da analítica existencial de Martin Heidegger. São dados dois destaques à teologia existencialista de Bultmann: a pré-compreensão (Vorverständnis) e o círculo hermenêutico (Hermeneutischer Zirkel), a partir dos quais são feitas comparações entre Bultmann e Gadamer, influenciados por Heidegger, com o objetivo de identificar as influências sofridas por Gadamer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talissa Truccolo Reato ◽  
Cleide Calgaro

O objetivo basilar desta pesquisa é analisar a relevância da pré-compreensão ecocêntrica como uma das variáveis interpretativas constitucionais na mensuração da intensidade da proteção ambiental estatal na América Latina. A metodologia foi desenvolvida mediante leitura pelo método hipotético-dedutivo. Trata-se de pesquisa básica, exploratória e bibliográfica, estruturada em quatro partes. A parte inicial aborda a interpretação constitucional consoante Konrad Hesse e Cass Sunstein. O segundo momento retrata a pré-compreensão interpretativa segundo Martin Heidegger e Hans-Georg Gadamer. A terceira parte aborda antropocentrismo e ecocentrismo como pré-compreensões e a relação com o Constitucionalismo da América Latina. O fragmento final retrata a mensuração da intensidade da proteção ambiental conforme a pré-compreensão ecocêntrica na América Latina.


Author(s):  
Andrus Tool

Wilhelm Dilthey initially studied theology in Germany but later shifted to philosophy and history. He tackled the specific nature of human sciences in relation to natural sciences and initiated a debate on the connection between understanding and explanation in scientific knowledge. In addition to his own school, he exerted influence on fellow philosophers Martin Heidegger, Helmuth Plessner, and Hans-Georg Gadamer. This chapter explores the formation of Dilthey’s philosophical views, including the principle of phenomenality, the theory of human sciences, and the role of inner experience as the main source of cognition in human sciences. It also discusses his later work and his arguments concerning empirical factuality, congealed objectivity, and processual reality. Finally, the chapter examines how ideas similar to those of Dilthey have influenced organizational culture and dynamics.


1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ocker

Dilthey, in his famous essay, ‘Die Enstehung der Hermeneutik’, first published in 1900, taught us that Matthias Flacius Illyricus, the mid sixteenth-century Lutheran theologian, was the author of the first significant treatise on hermeneutics. Conceding a classic Protestant opinion once articulated by Flacius, he consigned medieval interpretation to what must have seemed a justified oblivion: he simply ignored the period between Origen and John Calvin. Calvin, Flacius, and especially Friedrich Schleiermacher were the main contributors to the rediscovery of the interpretive force of history and language, which Dilthey surely felt was best appreciated by his own philosophy of culture. Hans-Georg Gadamer later tried to show that Dilthey himself was weak on language and misinformed about history, falling prey to the movement that Gadamer opprobriously called ‘historicism’. Gadamer's own view of the development of hermeneutics—with its subjection of historical knowledge to ‘our own present horizon of understanding’, its accent on language, and its debt to Martin Heidegger—shifted the chronology of hermeneutics even closer to the present According to Gadamer, the ‘hermeneutic problem’ was specifically created by the alienation of exegesis and understanding from ‘application’, the importance of which was discovered only by Romantic philosophy and best redressed with the help of a language-obsessed philosophy of being. But as was the case for Dilthey, the crucial moment in the development of hermeneutics remained the discovery of the role of language in ‘meaning’, in the broadest sense, so that texts could only be understood in the grand context of a philosophy of life or, in Gadamerian terms, in the context of a philosophy that functioned as present interpretation.


Author(s):  
Alexis Deodato S. Itao ◽  
Jiolito L. Benitez

As rational animals, human beings not only have the ability to think but also the capacity to understand. Human rationality is constituted by thinking and understanding. The immediate connotation of rationality, however, is almost always thinking. Hence, to speak of man as an animal rationale is to speak of man as a thinking being. But following his mentor Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer insists that man does not only think, but most importantly understands. To understand is an essential part of being human, of being rational. But what understands? What does it mean to understand? The issue of human understanding is not something simply epistemological; rather, it is something hermeneutical. That is to say, understanding always relates to the act of interpretation. In his monumental work Truth and Method, Gadamer diligently considers the matter of human understanding from a purely hermeneutical perspective. This paper, then, aims to synthesize Gadamer’s hermeneutical theory and argues that for Gadamer, human understanding is essentially characterized by a kind of textual intercourse, that is, a dialogic interaction or an intimate exchange of horizons between an interpreting subject and a text which, in very broad terms, can refer to any object of interpretation. Keywords – understanding, interpretation, hermeneutics, text, language, dialectic


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Szymanski ◽  
Heloisa Szymanski ◽  
Felipe Luis Fachim

Resumo Este artigo pretende refletir sobre procedimentos de análise e interpretação de dados em pesquisa nos campos da educação e da psicologia. O caminho que adotamos parte inicialmente de uma reflexão sobre o sentido da investigação e análise nas pesquisas qualitativas, em especial na perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial de Martin Heidegger e hermenêutica de Hans-Georg Gadamer, entendendo que existe um diálogo profícuo entre esses pensamentos, apesar de suas especificidades. Para que pudéssemos aprofundar a reflexão proposta, apresentamos, a título de exemplo, trechos de análise de uma pesquisa de cunho interventivo, realizada em parceria com uma instituição escolar, especificamente sobre o tema adolescência na escola, cujos procedimentos de interpretação e análise foram construídos alinhados às concepções epistemológicas propostas.


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (46) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Lucas De Melo Prado

<p>O presente artigo parte da ideia de crise do ensino jurídico a fim de discutir como o professor pode contribuir para a reforma da educação universitária através da alteração de suas práticas pedagógicas. Adota-se como marco teórico a filosofia da linguagem de Martin Heidegger e a hermenêutica filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer, apontando-se as contribuições que o giro linguístico oferece à pedagogia. Defende-se que, para a formação de juristas críticos e autônomos, politicamente responsáveis e socialmente comprometidos com a concretização da Constituição e a realização dos direitos fundamentais, é necessária, ainda que não suficiente, a invasão da sala de aula pela filosofia da linguagem.</p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Crise do ensino jurídico. Prática pedagógica. Filosofia da linguagem. Hermenêutica filosófica.


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