Low Cost Method for Monitoring Flow from a Vegetative Treatment System

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Muhlbauer ◽  
Ishadeep Khanijo ◽  
Robert T Burns ◽  
Lara B Moody ◽  
Laura Pepple ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment System

scholarly journals Reaching out and reaching up - developing a low cost drug treatment system in Cambodia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Klein ◽  
Vonthanak Saphonn ◽  
Savanna Reid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment System

Integration of sulphate reduction, autotrophic denitrification and nitrification to achieve low-cost excess sludge minimisation for Hong Kong sewage

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Lau ◽  
K.R. Sharma ◽  
G.H. Chen ◽  
M.C.M. van Loosdrecht
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor

An integrated anaerobic–aerobic treatment system of sulphate-laden wastewater was proposed here to achieve low sludge production, low energy consumption and effective sulphide control. Before integrating the whole system, the feasibility of autotrophic denitrification utilising dissolved sulphide produced during anaerobic treatment of sulphate rich wastewater was studied here. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was operated to treat sulphate-rich synthetic wastewater (TOC = 100 mg/L and sulphate = 500 mg/L) and its effluent with dissolved sulphide and external nitrate solution were fed into an anoxic biofilter. The anaerobic reactor was able to remove 77–85% of TOC at HRT of 3 h and produce 70–90 mg S/L sulphide in dissolved form for the subsequent denitrification. The performance of anoxic reactor was stable, and the anoxic reactor could remove 30 mg N/L nitrate at HRT of 2 h through autotrophic denitrification. Furthermore, sulphur balance for the anoxic filter showed that more than 90% of the removed sulphide was actually oxidised into sulphate, thereby there was no accumulation of sulphur particles in the filter bed. The net sludge productions were approximately 0.15 to 0.18 g VSS/g COD in the anaerobic reactor and 0.22 to 0.31 g VSS/g NO3−-N in the anoxic reactor. The findings in this study will be helpful in developing the integrated treatment system to achieve low-cost excess sludge minimisation.

Low-Cost and Low-Energy Wastewater Treatment Systems: A South African Perspective

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Batchelor ◽  
R. Bocarro ◽  
P. J. Pybus
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
African Perspective ◽  
Capital Construction

An overview of waste-water treatment alternatives in South Africa is presented. A comparison of the capital, operating and maintenance costs of biological filters, bio-discs, stabilisation ponds and an extended-aeration-actiyated sludge system suggest that stabilization ponds may be regarded as a low cost, low energy waste-water treatment system. However, in some instances, due to legal and land requirements they are not appropriate. In these instances a number of interacting factors play a role in determining the lowest cost option. The capital construction and operating costs of constructed wetlands are similar to those of stabilisation ponds but due to lack of full scale operational information they are not yet widely used as a waste-water treatment system.

Management of Dairy Waste: A Low Cost Treatment System Using Phosphorus-Adsorbing Materials

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Masters
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Dairy Waste ◽  
Dairy Wastes ◽  
Cost Treatment

Dairy wastes are a source of nutrient pollution of surface and ground waters in high rainfall areas of south west Western Australia. Many of the state's 546 dairies are sited over soils that are either sandy, leading to pollution of ground waters, or clayey, causing reductions in surface water quality. Awareness of the environmental implications of their activities is motivating dairy farmers to join Land Conservation District Committees, where water quality improvement is a primary goal. A low cost treatment system has been designed to reduce the water pollution potential of dairy waste. It incorporates three stages: a sump in which anaerobic digestion occurs; an aerobic vegetated filter with a base of permeable phosphorus-absorbing material; and an irrigated plantation or crop using water that has passed through the system. This paper describes the theoretical background to the design.

Options for the Rational Design and Operation of Oxidation Ponds

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Bower Carberry
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Oxidation Ponds

Oxidation ponds can degrade wastewaters at low cost and provide a useful biomass if rational design, operation, and sludge removal practices are carried out. Here, the design of a plug flow Algal Bacterial Clay Treatment System (ABCT) is presented on the bases of both incident sunlight and incoming BOD concentration. Results of kinetic experimental studies are presented in order to determine both optimal and limiting operational parameters. From these experiments, it appeared to be critical to limit pH diurnal variations for effective operation of the treatment system. Empirical computer models were developed to predict reactor parameter variations due to diurnal effects. A computer model based on continuous oxidation reduction potential (redox) measurements appeared to be most useful for automated computer control of variations due to diurnal effects. Chemical addition of CaCl2 facilitated algal biomass flocculation in order to prepare liquid effluents for plant discharge and to prepare biomass for possible beneficial use.

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