Performance of Vegetative Filter Strips with Varying Pollutant Source and Filter Strip Lengths

Tall fescue vegetative filter strips 0.5 to 4.0 m wide were evaluated for their ability to reduce losses of metolachlor, metribuzin, and runoff (water and sediment) in conventionally tilled soybean. Differences in the parameters studied were significant between filter and no filter strips, regardless of filter strip width. Two days after treatment, metribuzin concentration in runoff from the unfiltered treatment was 231 ng ml−1; filter strips reduced this amount to 119 ng ml−1or less. Similar trends were observed with metolachlor, with concentrations of 1,009 ng ml−1from the unfiltered, whereas filter strips of any width reduced this to 523 ng ml−1or less. Metribuzin loss during the growing season was 41 g ai ha−1, or 9.8% of the amount applied when no filter strip was present. The addition of a filter strip, regardless of width, reduced cumulative metribuzin losses to 11 g ha−1or less. Similar results were noted with metolachlor. Filter strips, regardless of width, reduced cumulative runoff and sediment loss at least 46 and 83%, respectively.

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Impact of Vegetative Filter Strips on Herbicide Loss in Runoff from Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500094509 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 662-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Eric P. Webster ◽

David R. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Loss ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Vegetative Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strip ◽

Vegetative Filter Strip ◽

No Till ◽

Herbicide Concentration

Metolachlor and metribuzin loss in runoff was determined in three soybean tillage systems with and without a 4 by 2 m tall fescue vegetative filter strip. Soil erosion plots were 4 by 22 m with 3% slope. Regression analysis was used to describe herbicide concentration in runoff, and to determine if vegetative filter strips reduced herbicide concentration. Analysis of covariance indicated no difference in concentration of metolachlor or metribuzin in runoff from the three tillage systems within any vegetative filter strip treatment. Metolachlor loss in 1991 was highest from the no-till monocrop without a vegetative filter strip, and it was 65g ha−1 or approximately 2% of the amount applied. In 1992 and 1993, the no-till doublecrop had a total loss of 120 and 147 g ha−1, respectively, approximately 4% of the amount applied. Similar results were noted with metribuzin, but total loss was as high as 46 g ha−1 or 11 % of the amount applied in 1993 from a no-till doublecrop system without a vegetative filter strip. When a vegetative filter strip was present, losses of metribuzin and metolachlor were reduced over 85% in 1993, and totaled 1.2 and 0.5%, respectively, of the amount applied. The vegetative filter strip reduced herbicide and suspended solids from runoff produced by a conventional-till production system to levels equal to or lower than a no-till doublecrop system.

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Design a Vegetative Filter Strips Length Using VFSMOD_W Model for Reducing Sediments and Pesticides

Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal ◽

10.22153/kej.2017.01.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hayat Kareem Shukur ◽

Dawood E. Sachit

Keyword(s):

Trapping Efficiency ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Infiltration Capacity ◽

Vegetative Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strips ◽

Filter Length ◽

Filter Strip ◽

Vegetative Filter Strip ◽

Receiving Stream ◽

Strip Length

Abstract The vegetative filter strips (VFS) are a useful tool used for reducing the movement of sediment and pesticide in therivers. The filter strip’s soil can help in reducing the runoff volume by infiltration. However, the characteristics of VFS (i.e., length) are not recently identified depending on the estimation of VFS modeling performance. The aim of this research is to study these characteristics and determine acorrelation between filter strip length and percent reduction (trapping efficiency) for sediment, water, and pesticide. Two proposed pesticides(one has organic carbon sorption coefficient, Koc, of 147 L/kg which is more moveable than XXXX, and another one has a Koc of 2070 L/kg which is less moveable than XXXX) are presented, where the goal is to prevent 95% of incoming sediment and 85% of the incoming pesticide to reach a receiving stream in still water, Oklahoma from a cultivated field (1250 m²),for 2 hour storm with 5 years return period. Several VFS lengths were simulated including1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, and 13 m. The results showed that the percent of reduction of sediment, pesticide, and water mainly depends on VFS lengths. Moreover, considering the design storms range, the simulation illustrated that the optimal filter length was13m for silty clay loam. When the value of was increased from 147 L/kg to 6070 L/kg, the filter length decreased from 13 to 9.5 because of the increase in trapping efficiency. In addition, the results revealed that the trapping efficiency was for sediment but not for water orpesticide which was highly impacted by the narrow filter strips. The amount of the rainfall and runoff of the designated field was larger than the infiltration capacity of filter strips, which resulted in low trapping efficiency for pesticide and water. Keywords: Models ,runoff, sediment, vegetative filter strip, , water quality, watershed planning.

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Effectiveness of Vegetative Filter Strips in Removal of Sediments from Overland Flow

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2006.031 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Bahram Gharabaghi ◽

Ramesh P. Rudra ◽

Pradeep K. Goel

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Suspended Sediments ◽

Control Measures ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Vegetative Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strip ◽

Natural Beauty

Abstract Many forms of natural heritage manifested as streams, rivers, ponds, lakes and wetlands play an integral role in maintaining natural beauty, health and a high quality of life. Agricultural intensification in southern Ontario has contributed to elevated sediments, nutrient and bacteria levels in water bodies. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are control measures that can partially remove sediments and pollutants adhered to sediments from overland runoff before entering water bodies. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vegetation type, width of the filter strip, runoff flow rate and inflow sediment characteristics on effectiveness of the VFS in removing pollutants from runoff. The results show that sediment removal efficiency increased from 50 to 98% as the width of the filter increased from 2.5 to 20 m. In addition to the width of the filter strip, grass type and flow rate were also significant factors. This study indicates that the first five (5) metres of a filter strip are critical and effective in removal of suspended sediments. More than 95% of the aggregates larger than 40 µm in diameter were trapped within the first five metres of the filter strip.

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