scholarly journals Design a Vegetative Filter Strips Length Using VFSMOD_W Model for Reducing Sediments and Pesticides

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayat Kareem Shukur ◽  
Dawood E. Sachit
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Length ◽  
Filter Strip ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip ◽  
Receiving Stream ◽  
Strip Length

 Abstract  The vegetative filter strips (VFS) are a useful tool used for reducing the movement of sediment and pesticide in therivers. The filter strip’s soil can help in reducing the runoff volume by infiltration. However, the characteristics of VFS (i.e., length) are not recently identified depending on the estimation of VFS modeling performance. The aim of this research is to study these characteristics and determine acorrelation between filter strip length and percent reduction (trapping efficiency) for sediment, water, and pesticide. Two proposed pesticides(one has organic carbon sorption coefficient, Koc, of 147 L/kg which is more moveable than XXXX, and another one has a Koc of 2070 L/kg which is less moveable than XXXX) are presented, where the goal is to prevent 95% of incoming sediment and 85% of the incoming pesticide to reach a receiving stream in still water, Oklahoma from a cultivated field (1250 m²),for 2 hour storm with 5 years return period. Several VFS lengths were simulated including1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, and 13 m. The results showed that the percent of reduction of sediment, pesticide, and water mainly depends on VFS lengths. Moreover, considering the design storms range, the simulation illustrated that the optimal filter length was13m for silty clay loam. When the value of   was increased from 147 L/kg to 6070 L/kg, the filter length decreased from 13 to 9.5 because of the increase in trapping efficiency. In addition, the results revealed that the trap­ping efficiency was for sediment but not for water orpesticide which was highly impacted by the narrow filter strips. The amount of the rainfall and runoff of the designated field was larger than the infiltration capacity of filter strips, which resulted in low trapping efficiency for pesticide and water. Keywords: Models ,runoff, sediment, vegetative filter strip, , water quality, watershed planning.

An Empirical Model of Sediment Trapping Efficiency by Vegetative Filter Strips in Chinese Northwest

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1405-1409
Author(s):  
Na Deng ◽  
Huai En Li
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Inflow Rate ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip ◽  
Content Factor ◽  
Northwest Region

Vegetative filter strip (VFS) is be defined as areas of vegetation designed to remove sediment and other pollutants from surface runoff. Many factors affect the effectiveness of VFS. So the quantitative analysis on relation between effectiveness and influencing factors had been conducted based on the plot experiment data in this paper. Result reveals that the order in impact degree of its factors is: inflow rate factor > width factor > vegetation condition > pollutants concentration in inflow > initial soil water content factor, the relation equation of purification effect and VFS width is the form of logarithm, and the relation equation of concentration reduction rate and inflow rate is the form of power function. Furthermore, a simple empirical model had been developed to predict sediment trapping efficiency in allusion to Chinese northwest region, which can provide computational basis for design of VFS in northwest region and other similar areas.

Impact of Vegetative Filter Strips on Herbicide Loss in Runoff from Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
David R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Loss ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strip ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Concentration

Metolachlor and metribuzin loss in runoff was determined in three soybean tillage systems with and without a 4 by 2 m tall fescue vegetative filter strip. Soil erosion plots were 4 by 22 m with 3% slope. Regression analysis was used to describe herbicide concentration in runoff, and to determine if vegetative filter strips reduced herbicide concentration. Analysis of covariance indicated no difference in concentration of metolachlor or metribuzin in runoff from the three tillage systems within any vegetative filter strip treatment. Metolachlor loss in 1991 was highest from the no-till monocrop without a vegetative filter strip, and it was 65g ha−1 or approximately 2% of the amount applied. In 1992 and 1993, the no-till doublecrop had a total loss of 120 and 147 g ha−1, respectively, approximately 4% of the amount applied. Similar results were noted with metribuzin, but total loss was as high as 46 g ha−1 or 11 % of the amount applied in 1993 from a no-till doublecrop system without a vegetative filter strip. When a vegetative filter strip was present, losses of metribuzin and metolachlor were reduced over 85% in 1993, and totaled 1.2 and 0.5%, respectively, of the amount applied. The vegetative filter strip reduced herbicide and suspended solids from runoff produced by a conventional-till production system to levels equal to or lower than a no-till doublecrop system.

GDVFS: A New Toolkit for Analysis and Design of Vegetative Filter Strips Using VFSMOD

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh P. Rudra ◽  
Bahram Gharabaghi ◽  
Saleh Sebti ◽  
Neelam Gupta ◽  
Ashwini Moharir
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Bacteria Transport ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
Main Components

Abstract The Guelph design tool for vegetative filter strips, GDVFS, is a toolkit for the analysis and design of vegetative filter strips (VFSs). The upland hydrology model UH and the vegetative filter strip model VFSMOD (the two main components of GDVFS) were adopted from an existing interface (VFSMOD-W), and new nutrient and bacteria transport add-ons for UH and VFSMOD were incorporated into GDVFS. Other utilities and tools were also included in GDVFS to provide a capable toolkit for the analysis and design of VFSs. The published evaluation of computational procedures used in GDVFS indicates that these procedures perform very well in the estimation of VFS sediment and phosphorus removal efficiencies. According to these results, comparison of the predicted and observed values for sediment and phosphorus removal efficiencies indicates 10 and 20% error, respectively. This paper provides descriptions on the capabilities and methodology followed in the GDVFS toolkit.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sediment Trapping Efficiency of Vegetative Filter Strips Using Machine Learning Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Hyun Bae ◽  
Jeongho Han ◽  
Dongjun Lee ◽  
Jae E Yang ◽  
Jonggun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Machine Learning Models

The South Korean government has recently focused on environmental protection efforts to improve water quality which has been degraded by nonpoint sources of water pollution from runoff. In order to take care of environmental issues, many physically-based models have been used. However, the physically-based models take a large amount of work to carry out site simulations, and there is a need to find faster and more efficient approaches. For an alternative approach for sediment management using the physically-based models, the machine learning-based models were used for estimating sediment trapping efficiency of vegetative filter strips. The seven nonlinear regression algorithms of machine learning models (e.g., decision tree, multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, random forest, AdaBoost and gradient boosting) were applied to select the model which best estimates the sediment trapping efficiency of vegetative filter strips. The sediment trapping efficiencies calculated by the machine learning models showed similar results as those of vegetative filter strip modeling system (VFSMOD-W) model. As a result of the accuracy evaluation among the seven machine learning models, the multilayer perceptron model-derived the best fit with VFSMOD-W model. It is expected that the sediment trapping efficiency of the vegetative filter strips in various cases in agricultural fields in South Korea can be predicted easier, faster and accurately by the machine learning models developed in this study. Machine learning models can be used to evaluate sediment trapping efficiency without complicated physically-based model design and high computational cost. Therefore, decision makers can maximize the quality of their outputs by minimizing their efforts in the decision-making process.

Simulate Efficacy of Vegetative Filter Strips Based on Coupling Model and its Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
Na Deng ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Huai En Li
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Heihe River Basin ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strip ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip

As one of Best Management Practices, Vegetative Filter Strip (VFS) had been widely application and their effects were fine. Planning and design VFS is based on quantitative predicting the purification effect. A mathematical model by coupling Vegetative Filter Strip Model (VFSMOD) with the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) was designed to estimate sediments trapping efficiency of VFS under the different conditions. Furthermore, in this paper the applicability of coupling model had been tested well by plot experiments in Chinese northwest, so the coupling model was applied to simulate the efficacy of VFS in Shaanxi Heihe River basin. Result reveals that grassed filter strips with about 10 m width are reasonable in Heihe River basin. Besides that, it is unsuitable to set grassed filter strips under the conditions of 15° above slope in river bank.

Metolachlor and metribuzin losses in runoff as affected by width of vegetative filter strips

Weed Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Tingle ◽  
David R. Shaw ◽  
Michele Boyette ◽  
Glen P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Strip Width ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strip ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Sediment Loss

Tall fescue vegetative filter strips 0.5 to 4.0 m wide were evaluated for their ability to reduce losses of metolachlor, metribuzin, and runoff (water and sediment) in conventionally tilled soybean. Differences in the parameters studied were significant between filter and no filter strips, regardless of filter strip width. Two days after treatment, metribuzin concentration in runoff from the unfiltered treatment was 231 ng ml−1; filter strips reduced this amount to 119 ng ml−1or less. Similar trends were observed with metolachlor, with concentrations of 1,009 ng ml−1from the unfiltered, whereas filter strips of any width reduced this to 523 ng ml−1or less. Metribuzin loss during the growing season was 41 g ai ha−1, or 9.8% of the amount applied when no filter strip was present. The addition of a filter strip, regardless of width, reduced cumulative metribuzin losses to 11 g ha−1or less. Similar results were noted with metolachlor. Filter strips, regardless of width, reduced cumulative runoff and sediment loss at least 46 and 83%, respectively.

Performance of Vegetative Filter Strips with Varying Pollutant Source and Filter Strip Lengths

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2231-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Srivastava ◽  
D. R. Edwards ◽  
T. C. Daniel ◽  
P. A. Moore Jr. ◽  
T. A. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strip ◽  
Pollutant Source

Effectiveness of Vegetative Filter Strips in Reducing Pesticide Loading: Quantifying Pesticide Trapping Efficiency

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 762-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Sabbagh ◽  
G. A. Fox ◽  
A. Kamanzi ◽  
B. Roepke ◽  
J.-Z. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips

scholarly journals Wheat Strip Effects on Microbial Transport Following Variable Applications of Beef Cattle Manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Durso ◽  
John E. Gilley ◽  
David B. Marx ◽  
Chance A. Thayer ◽  
Bryan L. Woodbury
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Microbial Transport ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Phosphorus Requirement

Abstract. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) consisting of perennial vegetation have been successfully used to reduce the transport of contaminants in runoff from land application areas. The effectiveness of a winter wheat strip, which may be more acceptable to producers, in reducing microbial transport was examined in this study. A 1.4 m wheat strip was used to allow direct comparison with experimental results obtained in previous studies. Beef cattle manure was applied to 0.75 m wide by 4.0 m long plots established on an Aksarben silty clay loam located in southeast Nebraska. Manure was added at rates required to meet the 0- 1-, 2-, or 4-year phosphorus requirement for corn. The transport of selected microbes was measured for three 30 min simulated rainfall events separated by 24 h intervals. The narrow wheat strip did not significantly reduce counts of any of the measured microbes. The application of manure to meet the 4-year P requirement resulted in and enterococci loads that were significantly greater than the 1-year P requirement. Rainfall simulation run significantly affected measurements of phages, total coliforms, , and enterococci, with measurements during the three runs varying from 9.35 to 10.9 log plaque-forming units (PFU) ha-1, from 11.5 to 12.1 log colony-forming units (CFU) ha-1, from 12.1 to 12.5 log CFU ha-1, and from 11.1 to 11.4 log CFU ha-1, respectively. The transport of was found to be significantly correlated to selected nutrient loads and electrical conductivity of runoff. The presence of narrow wheat strips did not reduce microbial loads in runoff. Keywords: Bacteria, Cattle manure, E. coli, Filter strips, Land application, Manure management, Manure runoff, Microbial, Microorganisms, Runoff.

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