Development of a Robust Precision Fertilizer Application System Utilizing Real-time, Ground-based Optical Sensors and Fluid Application Control

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane L Needham ◽  
Stewart D Reed ◽  
Marvin L Stone ◽  
John B Solie ◽  
Kyle W Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application System

Dynamic Formation Evaluation to Reduce Uncertainty and Confirm Completed Intervals in Brown Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Aizat Kamaruddin ◽  
Ayham Ashqar ◽  
Muhammad Haniff Suhaimi ◽  
Fairus Azwardy Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Fluid Type ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
Reservoir Fluid ◽  
Logging While Drilling ◽  
Dynamic Formation

Abstract Uncertainties in fluid typing and contacts within Sarawak Offshore brown field required a real time decision. To enhance reservoir fluid characterisation and confirm reservoir connectivity prior to well final total depth (TD). Fluid typing while drilling was selected to assure the completion strategy and ascertain the fluvial reservoir petrophysical interpretation. Benefiting from low invasion, Logging While Drilling (LWD) sampling fitted with state of ART advanced spectroscopy sensors were deployed. Pressures and samples were collected. The well was drilled using synthetic base mud. Conventional logging while drilling tool string in addition to sampling tool that is equipped with advanced sensor technology were deployed. While drilling real time formation evaluation allowed selecting the zones of interest, while fluid typing was confirmed using continually monitored fluids pump out via multiple advanced sensors, contamination, and reservoir fluid properties were assessed while pumping. Pressure and sampling were performed in drilling mode to minimise reservoir damage, and optimise rig time, additionally sampling while drilling was performed under circulation conditions. Pressures were collected first followed by sampling. High success in collecting pressure points with a reliable fluid gradient that indicated a virgin reservoir allowed the selection of best completion strategy without jeopardising reserves, and reduced rig time. Total of seven samples from 3 different reservoirs, four oil, and three formation water. High quality samples were collected. The dynamic formation evaluation supported by while drilling sampling confirmed the reservoir fluid type and successfully discovered 39ft of oil net pay. Reservoir was completed as an oil producer. The Optical spectroscopy measurements allowed in situ fluid typing for the quick decision making. The use of advanced optical sensors allowed the sample collection and gave initial assessment on reservoir fluids properties, as a result cost saving due to eliminating the need for additional Drill Stem Test (DST) run to confirm the fluid type. Sample and formation pressures has confirmed reservoir lateral continuity in the vicinity of the field. The reservoir developed as thick and blocky sandstone. Collected sample confirmed the low contamination levels. Continuous circulation mitigated sticking and potential well-control risks. This is the first time in surrounding area, advanced optical sensors are used to aid LWD sampling and to finalize the fluid identification. The innovative technology allowed the collection of low contamination. The real-time in-situ fluid analysis measurement allowed critical decisions to be made real time, consequently reducing rig downtime. Reliable analysis of fluid type identification removed the need for additional run/service like DST etc.

scholarly journals Development of a Real-Time, Mobile Nitrate Monitoring Station for High-Frequency Data Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Jason Luna Juncal ◽  
Timothy Skinner ◽  
Edoardo Bertone ◽  
Rodney A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Very High Frequencies

A mobile monitoring station was developed to measure nitrate and physicochemical water quality parameters remotely, in real-time, and at very high frequencies (thirty minutes). Several calibration experiments were performed to validate the outputs of a real-time nutrient sensor, which can be affected by optical interferences such as turbidity, pH, temperature and salinity. Whilst most of these proved to play a minor role, a data-driven compensation model was developed to account for turbidity interferences. The reliability of real-time optical sensors has been questioned previously; however, this study has shown that following compensation, the readings can be more accurate than traditional laboratory-based equipment. In addition, significant benefits are offered by monitoring waterways at high frequencies, due to rapid changes in analyte concentrations over short time periods. This, combined with the versatility of the mobile station, provides opportunities for several beneficial monitoring applications, such as of fertiliser runoff in agricultural areas in rural regions, aquaculture runoff, and waterways in environmentally sensitive areas such as the Great Barrier Reef.

Digital Map-Based Site-Specific Granular Fertilizer Application System

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Chandel ◽  
C. R. Mehta ◽  
V. K. Tewari ◽  
B. Nare
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Application System ◽  
Site Specific

Real-Time Monitoring of the Weld Penetration State in Laser Welding of High-Strength Steels by Airborne Acoustic Signal

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Shanglu Yang ◽  
Dechao Lin ◽  
Radovan Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Laser Welding Process

Nowadays high-strength steels have great applications in different industries due to their good combination of formability, weldability, and high strength-to-weight ratio. To guarantee a high quality without the presence of defects such as partial penetration (PP) in the laser welding of high-strength steels, it is very important to on-line monitor the whole welding process. While optical sensors are widely applied to monitor the laser welding process, we are proposing to use a microphone to acquire the airborne acoustic signals produced during laser welding of high-strength steel DP980. In order to extract valuable information from a very noisy signal acquired in a harsh environment such as industrial welding, spectral subtraction (SS), a noise reduction method is used to process the acquired airborne sound signals. Furthermore, by applying the power spectrum density (PSD) estimation method, the frequency characteristics of the acoustic signals are analyzed as well. The results indicate that the welds in full penetration (FP) and PP produce different signatures of acoustic signals that are characterized with different sound pressure levels and frequency distributions ranging from 500 Hz to 1500 Hz. Based on these differences, two algorithms are developed to distinguish the FP from PP during the laser welding process. A real-time monitoring system is implemented by a LabVIEW-based graphic program developed in this research. A feedback control system that could guarantee the FP will be developed in the near future.

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