scholarly journals Molecular characterization of a farmer-preferred maize landrace population from a multiple-stress-prone subtropical lowland environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fortunate Makore ◽  
Edmore Gasura ◽  
Caleb Souta ◽  
Upenyu Mazarura ◽  
John Derera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Heterotic Group ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Maize Landrace ◽  
Landrace Population

Abstract. Makore F, Gasura E, Souta C, Mazamura U, Derera J, Zikhali M, Kamutando CN, Magorokosho C, Dari S. 2021. Molecular characterization of a farmer-preferred maize landrace population from a multiple-stress-prone subtropical lowland environment. Biodiversitas 22: 769-777.  The study was conducted to assess genetic diversity of 372 maize lines using 116 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Three hundred and forty-seven lines were S1 lines (coded J lines) from a local maize landrace population and twenty-five were the widely used standard lines. The number of alleles per marker ranged from two to four and the average was three alleles.  The average polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.405 indicates high genetic diversity for maize lines evaluated in this study. Population structure revealed three distinct sub-populations. Sub-population 1 contained two J lines; sub-population 2 contained five J lines and sub-population 3 contained the rest of the J lines and all the standard lines. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) identified 22% variance among and 78% variance within the three subpopulations, indicating high gene exchange and low genetic differentiation. Hierarchical cluster analysis further divided the lines into nine subgroups placing some of the J lines into known heterotic groups', i.e.,  J30_3, J393_4, J393_3, and J393_1 in CIMMYT heterotic group B. Allelic variation observed can be a source of allele combination for breeding programs interested in widening their genetic base. The private alleles that were present in the J lines suggest availability of stress-tolerant genes that breeders can incorporate in new hybrids.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm lines and varietal set for yield and yield attributing traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushree Pramanik ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
R. S. Tomar ◽  
M. K. Tomar ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Genetic Assessment ◽  
Hundred Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Yield

The genetic assessment of 90 germplasm lines and six varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were done with 13 morphological traits and 125 Simple Sequence Repeats markers. Out of 125 molecular markers, 26 were polymorphic and produced 105 alleles. The genetic diversity was found to be 52-83 per cent and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) was 0.46-0.81 with a mean of 0.42 indicating higher magnitude of genetic diversity in the test genotypes. Analysis of molecular variance showed variation among and within individuals based on allelic variation. Principal Co-ordinate Analysis based on origin of the genotypes formed three major population groups and the genetic analysis determined by population structure divided all the germplasm lines in to 10 populations. Significant and positive correlation was observed between hundred kernel weight and hundred pod weight (r=0.769) and kernel yield (r=0.899); sound mature kernel and pod weight with kernel yield, weight of kernels and harvest index. Genotypes from distinct clusters may be selected in hybridization programme for groundnut improvement. The information on clustering of genotypes will be helpful in identification of novel and superior germplasm for hybridization and development of improved varieties.

Microsatellite marker-based genetic diversity of tropical-adapted shrunken-2 maize inbred lines and its relationship with normal endosperm inbred lines of known heterotic classification

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. E. Iboyi ◽  
A. Abe ◽  
V. O. Adetimirin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Heterotic Group ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Abstract Knowledge of the genetic diversity and relationships among maize inbred lines can facilitate germplasm management and plant breeding programmes. The study investigated the level of genetic diversity among S6 lines developed from a tropical-adapted shrunken-2 (sh-2) maize population and their relationship with normal endosperm tropical inbred lines of known heterotic groups. Ninety-one sh-2 maize inbred lines (UI1-UI91) developed in the University of Ibadan super-sweet Maize Breeding Programme were genotyped at 30 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, alongside five normal endosperm maize inbred lines viz. TZi3, TZi4, TZi10, TZi12 and TZi15, four of which belong to two heterotic groups. Twenty-three SSR markers were polymorphic and detected a total of 61 alleles, with a range of 2–7 and an average of 2.65 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.12 in bnlg1937 to 0.77 in phi126, with an average of 0.36. The gene diversity (He) averaged 0.43. Cluster analysis resulted in five groups consisting of 16, 36, 17, 23 and 3 inbred lines, with one sh-2 line ungrouped. TZi 12 and TZi 15, both of which are of the same heterotic group, clustered with TZi 3 of another heterotic group. Considerable genetic diversity exists among the 96 inbred lines. Only two of the five normal endosperm lines shared clusters with the sh-2 lines. The clustering of the normal endosperm inbred lines is not related to their established heterotic patterns. Inbred lines in two clusters offer the possibility of guiding the exploitation of heterosis among the sh-2 lines.

Molecular characterization of echovirus 13 uncovering high genetic diversity and identification of new genotypes in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Shahzad Shaukat ◽  
Mehar Angez ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Masroor Alam ◽  
Salmaan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Pathogenicity Locus (PaLoc) and tcdC Genetic Diversity Among tcdA+B+ Clostridioides Difficile Clinical Isolates in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Kodori ◽  
Zohreh Ghalavand ◽  
Abbas Yadegar ◽  
Gita Eslami ◽  
Masoumeh Azimirad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Common ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background: Clostridioides difficile is the main cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. It is proposed that certain C. difficile toxinotypes with distinct pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) variants are associated with disease severity and outcomes. Additionally, few studies have described the common C. difficile toxinotypes, and also little is known about the tcdC variants in Iranian isolates. We characterized the toxinotypes and the tcdC genotypes from a collection of Iranian clinical C. difficile tcdA+B+ isolates with known ribotypes (RTs).Methods: Fifty C. difficile isolates with known RTs and carrying the tcdA and tcdB toxin genes were analyzed. Toxinotyping was carried out based on a PCR-RFLP analysis of a 19.6 kb region encompassing the PaLoc. Genetic diversity of the tcdC gene was determined by the sequencing of the gene.Results: Of the 50 C. difficile isolates investigated, five distinct toxinotypes were recognized. Toxinotypes 0 (33/50, 66%) and V (11/50, 22%) were the most frequently found. C. difficile isolates of the toxinotype 0 mostly belonged to RT 001 (12/33, 36.4%), whereas toxinotype V consisted of RT 126 (9/11, 81.8%). The tcdC sequencing showed six variants (35/50, 70%); tcdC-sc3 (24%), tcdC-A (22%), tcdC-sc9 (18%), tcdC-B (2%), tcdC-sc14 (2%), and tcdC-sc15 (2%). The remaining isolates were wild-types (15/50, 30%) in the tcdC gene.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that the majority of clinical tcdA+B+ isolates of C. difficile frequently harbor tcdC genetic variants. We also found that the RT 001/ toxinotype 0 and the RT 126/ toxinotype V are the most common types among Iranian isolates. Further studies are needed to investigate the putative association of various tcdC genotypes with CDI severity and its recurrence.

Molecular characterization of genetic diversity and similarity centers of safflower accessions with ISSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Abdurrahim Yılmaz ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Issr Markers

Genetic diversity and molecular characterization of Babesia motasi -like in small ruminants and ixodid ticks from China

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingli Niu ◽  
Zhijie Liu ◽  
Jifei Yang ◽  
Peifa Yu ◽  
Yuping Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Ixodid Ticks

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Integrons in Epidemiologically Unrelated Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Italian Hospitals Reveals a Limited Diversity of Gene Cassette Arrays

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 3665-3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gombac ◽  
Maria Letizia Riccio ◽  
Gian Maria Rossolini ◽  
Cristina Lagatolla ◽  
Enrico Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Clinical Isolates

ABSTRACT Integron carriage by 36 epidemiologically unrelated Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected over an 11-year period from patients in six different Italian hospitals was investigated. Sixteen type 1 integron-positive isolates (44%) were found, 13 of which carried the same array of cassettes, i.e., aacC1, orfX, orfX′, and aadA1a. As ribotype analysis of the isolates demonstrated a notable genetic diversity, horizontal transfer of the entire integron structure or ancient acquisition was hypothesized.

Molecular characterization of norovirus variants and genetic diversity of noroviruses and sapoviruses in Thailand

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 1210-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natthawan Chaimongkol ◽  
Pattara Khamrin ◽  
Rungnapa Malasao ◽  
Aksara Thongprachum ◽  
Tipachan Kongsricharoern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization
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