From looking backwards to forwards: unemployment insurance, France, 2000

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-90
Author(s):  
Magnus Paulsen Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Unemployment Insurance System ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Intense Debate

Chapter 4 presents the reform process of the so-called PARE (‘aid plan for the return to employment’) of the French unemployment insurance system in 2000. The instruments of PARE included an individual contract that would oblige the unemployed to engage in ‘personalised’ job seeking activities while getting access to support such as training courses. Further, PARE strengthened requirements to accept job offers from the job exchange service as well as sanctions upon refusals and contractual infringements. The trade unions were divided in their stance towards this, causing intense debate, especially on the use of sanctions. The reform illustrates how the addition of a rather simple instrument radically changed the moral status of the unemployed.

Turning solutions into ‘structural’ problems: unemployment insurance, Denmark, 1992–93

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-118
Author(s):  
Magnus Paulsen Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Unemployment Insurance System ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
To Receive

Chapter 5 analyses the reform process ending with ‘The active labour market policy act’ (1992-93) of the Danish unemployment insurance system. The chapter explains how a number of instruments that were initially qualified to keep the existing normative principles alive became requalified and reshaped to activation. The reform introduced an individual contract in combination with it with a number of different instruments: leave schemes to ease access to the labour market, job training for the unemployed and job offers that the unemployed, after a period of time, would have to accept in order to continue to receive compensation.

Unemployment Insurance and Unemployment Accounts: The Best of Both Worlds

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofer Setty
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Precautionary Savings ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Savings Accounts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Unemployment Insurance System ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Government Benefits

Abstract Unemployment accounts are mandatory individual savings accounts that can be used only during unemployment or retirement. Unlike unemployment insurance, unemployment accounts solve the moral hazard problem but provide no public insurance to workers. I study a hybrid system that borrows from concepts of both unemployment insurance and unemployment accounts, in which workers are mandated to save when employed and can withdraw from the account when unemployed. Once the account is exhausted, the unemployed worker receives unemployment benefits. This hybrid policy provides insurance to workers more efficiently than an unemployment insurance system because it provides government benefits selectively. As a consequence, young workers can reduce their precautionary savings and better smooth their consumption over the life cycle. Calibrating the model to the US economy, I find that, relative to an optimal unemployment insurance system, the optimal hybrid policy leads to a welfare gain of 2.4%, measured as consumption equivalent variation.

scholarly journals Too Few Indians and Too Many Chiefs. Is This One Reason for Declining Trade Union Membership in Denmark?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Voxted ◽  
Jens Lind
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Union Decline ◽  
Unemployment Insurance System

The decline in trade union membership in many countries since the 1970s and the consequent weakening of the trade unions is due to a number of reasons, including occupational changes, welfare state and social regulation, liberalism and individualization, and in Denmark (and Sweden and Finland) changes in unemployment insurance legislation and the institutional settings of the unemployment insurance system. All these factors are well known and have been analyzed in the literature. This article sums up all these facts and reasons for trade union decline in Denmark, but the main analysis focuses on a supplementary reason for membership decline among LO (the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions)-affiliated unions: many trade union members leave their unions to become members of unions that organize managers. When workers become managers, some prefer to join an organization expert in servicing managerial staff, while others leave their trade unions because they define themselves as managers without being formally appointed as such and without having formal managerial responsibilities. Reasons for this behavior will be discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Distributive Consequences of Risk Privatization: The Case of the Swedish Unemployment Insurance System

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-235
Author(s):  
Jayeon Lindellee
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance Benefit ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
Unemployment Insurance Benefit ◽  
Income Insurance ◽  
Unemployment Insurance System ◽  
Retail Workers

Abstract The public unemployment insurance program in Sweden has retrenched in terms of its benefit generosity in the last three decades. As a response to this trend, in which an ever-smaller proportion of the previous income of unemployed persons is compensated by public unemployment insurance benefit, complementary income insurance schemes provided by unions have expanded rapidly in the last 15 years, currently covering one half of the working population. What does this change mean for people who need income protection upon unemployment and are more likely to find themselves unemployed or underemployed? By analyzing survey-based benefit recipiency data among retail workers who were unemployed in 2014, this article explores the outcomes of the multi-pillarized unemployment benefit provision system in Sweden. While public unemployment insurance benefit does not fully compensate for the income loss for the majority of retail workers, the promise of a complementary income insurance scheme seems to be illusory for many individuals as they repeatedly oscillate between precarious work and benefits, accompanied by the burden of navigating a complex system.

scholarly journals Predicting Job Seeking Frequency and Psychological Well-Being in the Unemployed

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARL K. K. WIENER ◽  
TIAN P. S. OEI ◽  
PETER A. CREED
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
The Unemployed

On the way to the Soviet Mexico: the Comintern and the Communist Party of Mexico at the period of its illegal activities, 1929-1934

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-60
Author(s):  
Victor Jeifets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
Intensive Development

This article deals with the evolution and peculiarities of the policy of Mexican communists who were forced to operate underground after the beginning of the "left turn" in the late 1920s. During this period, the CPM actually abandoned its own interpretation of the problems of the revolution in its country, being satisfied with the policies and assessments of the Comintern apparatus. The author's attention is paid to both the party's course towards attempts to penetrate the army structures, as also to new forms of activity (after the collapse of the policy of broad alliances) in the labor movement, among the unemployed and peasant organizations; they were all aimed at achieving the goal of the seizure of power by the workers and peasants; in 1929-1934 the Communist Party of Mexico virtually excluded the anti-imperialist component from its sphere of activity. The crisis in the reformist sector of the labor movement contributed to the intensive development of an independent labor movement, the path to which the Mexican Communists tried to find, however, this activity was complicated by the presence of a number of serious competitors. During this period, the communists concentrated their efforts on working in the nation-wide branch trade unions, which created the groundwork for new growth. At the same time, the CPM did not understand neither the significance of the figure of the progressive politician Lazaro Cardenas, nor the consequences of the regrouping within the ruling elites, and with great difficulty renounced sectarian politics.

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