Single-Dose Treatment of Acute Cystitis with Fosfomycin Tromethamine

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E Stein

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical pharmacology of fosfomycin tromethamine, a new antimicrobial agent for the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTIs). DATA SOURCE: Publications in English on fosfomycin, fosfomycin tromethamine, and fosfomycin trometamol (MEDLINE, 1970–1997), as well as unpublished studies submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), were reviewed. STUDY SELECTION: Comparative, randomized, controlled studies were used to analyze the efficacy and safety of fosfomycin tromethamine. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fosfomycin tromethamine is an oral antimicrobial indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated lower UTIs. This agent is active in the urine against common uropathogens that are associated with cystitis in women, including organisms resistant to other antibiotics. A single dose of fosfomycin tromethamine is well absorbed and produces therapeutic concentrations in the urine for 2–4 days. Comparative clinical trials suggest that a single dose of fosfomycin tromethamine 3.0 g is as clinically effective as 7- to 10-day treatment regimens of standard agents used to treat UTIs, such as nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Fosfomycin tromethamine is well tolerated and appears safe to use during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Fosfomycin tromethamine is the only antimicrobial to be approved by the FDA for single-dose therapy in women with acute cystitis. It is as effective and safe as multidose comparators and appears safe to use during pregnancy. The acquisition cost of this new drug will need to be weighed against the improved compliance and convenience associated with its use in the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs. OBJETIVO: Revisar la farmacología de la fosfomicina trometamina, un agente antimicrobiano nuevo indicado para el tratamiento de las infecciones leves del tracto urinario. FUENTES DE INFORMACIÓN: Publicaciones en inglés sobre la fosfomicina, fosfomicina trometamina, y fosfomicina trometamol identificadas a través de MEDLINE. Además, estudios sin publicar suministrados a la Administración de Drogas y Alimentos de los Estados Unidos. SELECCIÓN DE FUENTES DE INFORMACIÓN: Estudios comparativos, controlados, y de asignación aleatoria del tratamiento de prueba, empleados para analizar la eficacia, y la seguridad de la fosfomicina trometamina. SÍNTESIS: La fosfomicina trometamina es un agente antimicrobiano oral indicado para el tratamiento de las infecciones leves del tracto urinario. Este agente es activo en la orina contra uropatógenos que están asociados con la cistitis en la mujer, incluyendo organismos resistentes a otros antibióticos. Una dosis linica de la fosfomicina trometamina se absorbe bién y produce concentracions terapéuticas en la orina for un período de 2–4 días. Estudios clínicos comparativos sugieren que una dosis única de 3.0 g de fosfomicina trometamina es tan efectiva clínicamente como un régimen de tratamiento de 7–10 días con agentes comúnmente usados en esta condición tales como la nitrofurantoína, la norfloxacina, y el sulfametoxazol con trimetoprim. La fosfomicina trometamina se tolera bién y no parecer ocasionar efectos adversos durante el embarazo. CONCLUSIONES: La fosfomicina trometamina es el único agente antimicrobiano a ser aprobado por la Administración de Drogas y Alimentos de los Estados Unidos como terapia de dosis única en mujeres con cistitis aguda. Este agente es tan efectivo y seguro como los agentes competidores usados en dosis múltiples. Además, su uso durante el embarazo parece seguro. El costo elevado de adquisición de este nuevo medicamento debe pesarse contra sus ventajas sobretodo en lo referente la mejoramiento del cumplimiento del tratamiento y conveniencia de administración en pacientes con infecciones leves del tracto urinario. OBJECTIF: Revoir la pharmacologie clinique du trométhamine de fosfomycine, un nouvel agent antimicrobien pour le traitement des infections urinaires basses non compliquées. REVUE DE LITTÉRATURE: Les publications en langue anglaise sur la fosfomycine, le trométhamine de fosfomycine, et le trométamol de fosfomycine ont été recherchées dans la banque informatisée MEDLINE aussi bien que les études non publiées soumises à l'Administration des Drogues et Alimentaires (ADA). SÉLECTION DES ÉTUDES: Les études comparatives, randomisées, et contrôlées ont été retenues pour analyser l'efficacité et l'innocuité du trométhamine de fosfomycine. RÉSUMÉ: Le trométhamine de fosfomycine est un antibiotique oral indiqué pour le traitement des infections urinaires basses non compliquées. Cet agent est actif dans l'urine contre les pathogènes du tractus urinaire responsables de la cystite chez la femme, incluant des organismes résistants à d'autres antibiotiques. Une dose unique de trométhamine de fosfomycine est bien absorbée et produit des concentrations thérapeutiques dans l'urine pour une période de 2–4 jours. Des essais cliniques comparatifs suggèrent qu'une dose unique de 3 g de trométhamine de fosfomycine est aussi efficace cliniquement qu'un traitement standard de 7–10 jours avec les agents habituellement utilisés pour le traitement des infections urinaires basses, comme la nitrofurantoïne, la norfloxacine, et le triméthoprime-sulfaméthoxazole. Le trométhamine de fosfomycine est bien toléré et semble sécuritaire lors de grossesse. CONCLUSIONS: Le trométhamine de fosfomycine est le seul antibiotique approuvé par la ADA pour la thérapie unidose de la cystite aiguë chez la femme. Il est aussi efficace et sécuritaire que les agents comparateurs à doses multiples et semble sécuritaire lors de grossesse. Le coût d'acquisition de ce nouveau médicament peut se justifier par une meilleur observance du traitement et la facilité associée à son emploi lors de traitement des infections urinaires basses non compliquées.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Mubarak Alfaresi ◽  
Kawther Hassan ◽  
Rafi M.H. Alnjadat

Objectives: Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections (LUTIs) are the most common source of infection affecting women. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics has led to the development and use of novel therapies. This current meta-analysis and systematic review evaluate the use of single-dose Fosfomycin-Trometamol (FMT) versus alternative antimicrobial regimens in the management of uncomplicated LUTI. Methods: This is a systematic review. We included observational studies and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Studies that investigated the efficacy of fosfomycin or FMT in managing uncomplicated LUTIs in any age group or gender and compared the treatment to any alternative antibiotic regimen were considered eligible. Results: After a comprehensive review of the literature, nineteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All of the eligible studies (3779 patients) investigated showed no difference between the use of single-dose fosfomycin versus alternative antibiotic regimens for LUTI treatment (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 0.853-1.181; p = 0.967). The OR remained unchanged but became statistically significant when the random-effects model was used for sensitivity analysis (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05-2.38; p = 0.04). Conclusion: The meta-analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between single-dose FMT and the commonly prescribed antibiotic regimens in LUTI treatment outcomes such as clinical improvement and microbial eradication.


2021 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
V. L. Tyutyunnik ◽  
N. E. Kan ◽  
L. V. Khachatryan

Urinary tract infections during pregnancy are associated with severe complications. Earlier initiation of antibiotic treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis, reduces the various complications.Objective. To assess the effectiveness of fosfomycin in the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis during II and III trimester of pregnancy.Material and methods. The study included 74 pregnant women who had acute uncomplicated cystitis in II or III trimesters. All patients received fosfomycin trometamol 3.754 g (equivalent to 3 g fosfomycin) as antimicrobial therapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis. The drug was prescribed to 24 pregnant women in the II, and 50 in the III trimester of pregnancy.Results. After treatment with fosfomycin signs of acute cystitis gone in all patients. At the same time, regression of clinical symptoms was noted during the next days after therapy in 95.9% (n = 71) of cases. Repeated microbiological test of the middle portion of urine was performed 7 days after the end of antibiotic therapy. In 94.6% (n = 70) cases, total elimination of the pathogen was achieved. In 5.4% (n = 4) cases, there was a significant decrease of colonization Follow-up for three months showed the absence of recurrence of acute cystitis in all pregnant women who were included in the study.Conclusion. Fosfomycin is a highly effective drug in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis during pregnancy.


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