Holocaust Commemoration in Israel During the 1950s: The Holocaust Cellar on Mount Zion

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-38
Author(s):  
Doron Bar
Keyword(s):  
The Holocaust ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Mount Zion

Moshe Safdie at Yad Vashem: Architecture, Politics, Identity

Pólemos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Paolo Coen
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
The State ◽  
Jewish State ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Yad Vashem

Abstract This article revolves in essence around the contributions made by the architect Moshe Safdie to the Yad Vashem memorial and museum in Jerusalem. Both probably need at least a brief introduction, if for no other reason than the nature of the present publication, which has a somewhat different scope than the type of art-historical or architectural-historical journals to which reflections of this kind are usually consigned. The first part draws a profile of Safdie, who enjoys a well-established international reputation, even if he has not yet been fully acknowledged in Italy. In order to better understand who he is, we shall focus on the initial phase of his career, up to 1967, and his multiple ties to Israel. The range of projects discussed includes the Habitat 67 complex in Montreal and a significant number of works devised for various contexts within the Jewish state. The second part focuses on the memorial and museum complex in Jerusalem that is usually referred to as Yad Vashem. We will trace Yad Vashem from its conception, to its developments between the 1950s and 1970s, up until the interventions of Safdie himself. Safdie has in fact been deeply and extensively involved with Yad Vashem. It is exactly to this architect that a good share of the current appearance of this important institute is due. Through the analysis of three specific contributions – the Children’s Memorial, the Cattle Car Memorial and the Holocaust History Museum – and a consideration of the broader context, this article shows that Yad Vashem is today, also and especially thanks to Safdie, a key element in the formation of the identity of the state of Israel from 1967 up until our present time.

National Socialism and Fascism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving Hexham
Keyword(s):  
National Socialism ◽  
Nazi Party ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Italian Fascism ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Press ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
National Socialists ◽  
The 1950S

To appreciate that the various forms of fascism, particularly German National Socialism under Adolf Hitler’s Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP, National Socialist German Workers' Party commonly known as the Nazi Party; 1920–1945) and Italian Fascism under Benito Mussolini’s Partito Nazionale Fascista (PNF, National Fascist Party; 1922–1943), are embedded within modernism, one must first recognize that the reality and horror of the Holocaust has distorted our understanding of Nazism in three significant ways. First, until at least the early 1990s the crude anti-Semitism of National Socialists like Julius Streicher (1885–1946) and Johann van Leers (1902–1965) prevented scholars from taking seriously the notion that National Socialism is an ideology that intellectuals helped define. Secondly, because anti-Semitism did not obviously manifest itself among Italian modernists and fascists, it discouraged comparison. Thirdly, starting in the 1950s many surviving National Socialists, who were formerly passionate SS-intellectuals like Sigrid Hunke (1913–1999) (Poewe 2011) or like the head of the Press Division of Ribbentrop’s Foreign Office Paul Karl Schmidt (1911–1997) (Plöger 2009), among many others, reinvented themselves.

Sprawcy i sprawczynie Zagłady a podejście do sprawiedliwości w NRD w latach 1949–1963

2012 ◽  
pp. 237-268
Author(s):  
Wendy Lower
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
The Other ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Court Records ◽  
State Security ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
East German ◽  
The 1950S

Drawn from archives of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), and mainly the files of the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) and regional court records, this essay analyzes two lesser-known trials of Nazi perpetrators of the Holocaust in wartime Galicia. One case features a typical German gendarme convicted but released from prison in the 1950s; the other features a married couple who shot Jews and others on an SS agricultural estate. Both cases highlight East German investigation methods and prosecutors’ use of evidence, while the second affords an opportunity to consider gendered aspects of wartime crimes and postwar trials. On the basis of these cases the author examines how evolving political considerations in the 1950s and 1960s shaped investigations, judicial process s, and sentences against Nazi perpetrators

La Rafle du Vél d'Hiv à la télévision française (1957–1995)

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Brunetaux
Keyword(s):  
Television Shows ◽  
News Broadcasts ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Individual Memory ◽  
Tragic Event ◽  
The 1950S

Précis Depuis 1957, les émissions et journaux télévisés ainsi que les documentaires diffusés sur les chaînes et les radios publiques françaises sont devenus les relais de la mémoire du Vél d'Hiv en tentant, tant bien que mal, de mettre en images et en paroles cet événement-symbole de la Shoah en France. Le cadre temporel choisi pour notre étude marque l'évolution de cette médiatisation du Vél d'Hiv à la télévision et à la radio françaises bien avant la saturation mémorielle des années 2000. Dans le trop-plein d'images de ces vingt dernières années, il nous a semblé important et utile de revenir sur les programmes et segments télévisés d'avant 1995 trouvés dans les archives de l'INA car ils nous renseignent sur la manière de voir et d'entendre cet événement historique selon les époques. Since 1957 television shows and news broadcasts have become the vectors through which the Vél d'Hiv roundup has emerged and shaped the collective and individual memory of the Shoah in France. From the resistancialist narratives of the 1950s–1960s to the acknowledgment of France's responsibility in the Holocaust in 1995, the memory of this tragic event has left a lasting imprint on French television. A close analysis of the representation of the Vél d'Hiv roundup in news broadcasts and television shows in postwar France will illuminate the tensions and difficulties of dealing with the legacy of the Dark Years. It will also reevaluate the role of television in creating both a dynamic platform for debates and discussions about the Shoah and an interactive lieu de mémoire.

Holocaust Views: The Goldhagen Controversy in Retrospect

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Deák
Keyword(s):  
Previous Literature ◽  
Single Event ◽  
Holocaust Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
As If

Holocaust literature is one of the richest devoted to a single event; it is also one of the newest. In the 1950s and '60s one could count on one's fingers the monographs that dealt with the destruction of the Jews. Then came a surge of interest in the 1970s, perhaps due to the arrival on the scene of a European generation innocent of this heinous crime. Since then, the production of books, articles, and films on the subject has continued unabated; in fact, it is growing. Yet the thousands of books and the tens of thousands of articles, many of them not only accurate and scholarly but also beautifully written, have not achieved their purpose. They may have persuaded other scholars but not the public. For when Daniel Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust was published, in 1996, with new claims, it was as if the previous literature had never existed.

“The Loneliness of the Dying”: General and Particular Victimization in Timothy Snyder's Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris L. Bergen
Keyword(s):  
Global Dimension ◽  
Mass Killing ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The 1950S

Timothy Snyder's Bloodlands is part of a shift to the east in study of the Holocaust since the 1990s. Snyder depicts the mutually reinforcing, destructive impact of Hitler and Stalin in the territories from central Poland to western Russia, from 1933 to the 1950s. This review highlights Snyder's contributions but raises questions about the particularity of the “bloodlands” and the emphasis on mass killing as the work of outsiders to the region. It recognizes the value of a regional approach but notes that the global dimension of the Holocaust gets lost as do the specificities of groups of victims, whose suffering bound them together yet kept them apart.

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