Narrative Medicine and Emerging Clinical Practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-271
Author(s):  
Julie Reichert ◽  
Brian Solan ◽  
Craig Timm ◽  
Summers Kalishman
Author(s):  
Maura Spiegel ◽  
Danielle Spencer

Literature offers the opportunity to study relationality in many different forms and contexts. This chapter discusses relationality in creative works—Colm Toíbín’s “One Minus One”, Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground, Alison Bechdel’s Fun Home, and Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go—in combination with selected criticism and theory, exemplifying one approach to the narrative medicine classroom. In these texts characters offer an account of self in contrasting ways—from the vexed, distrustful address of Dostoevsky’s Underground Man to the richly inviting tapestry of Bechdel’s graphic memoir—provoking different readerly experiences. Critical perspectives such as Bakhtin’s analysis of the dialogic nature of the Underground Man’s apparent soliloquy, Rita Felski’s conception of readerly recognition, Michael White’s description of Narrative Therapy, and Judith Butler’s discussion of the ethics of giving an account of self—all enrich our experience of these works and deepen our understanding of relationality, particularly as it relates to clinical practice.


Author(s):  
Maria Clara Tonini ◽  
Alessandra Fiorencis ◽  
Rosario Iannacchero ◽  
Mauro Zampolini ◽  
Antonietta Cappuccio ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Although migraine is widespread and disabling, stigmatisation and poor awareness of the condition still represent barriers to effective care; furthermore, research on migraine individual and social impact must be enhanced to unveil neglected issues, such as caregiving burden. The project investigated the migraine illness experience through Narrative Medicine (NM) to understand daily life, needs and personal resources of migraneurs, their caregivers and clinicians, and to provide insights for clinical practice. Methods The project involved 13 Italian headache centres and targeted migraneurs, their caregivers and migraine specialists at these centres. Written narratives, composed by a sociodemographic survey and illness plot or parallel chart, were collected through the project’s webpage. Illness plots and parallel charts employed open words to encourage participants’ expression. Narratives were analysed through Nvivo software, interpretive coding and NM classifications. Results One hundred and seven narratives were collected from patients and 26 from caregivers, as well as 45 parallel charts from clinicians. The analysis revealed migraine perception in social, domestic and work life within the care pathway evolution and a bond between chaos narratives and day loss due to migraine; furthermore, narratives suggested the extent of the caregiving burden and a risk of underestimation of migraine burden in patients’ and caregivers’ life. Conclusion The project represents the first investigation on migraine illness experience through NM simultaneously considering migraneurs’, caregivers’ and clinicians’ perspectives. Comparing narratives and parallel charts allowed to obtain suggestions for clinical practice, while NM emerged as able to foster the pursuing of migraine knowledge and awareness.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 238212051878530 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Murphy ◽  
Berkeley A Franz ◽  
Christian Schlaerth

Reflection has become an important tool for physicians and other medical practitioners. However, many forms of reflection exist in the health care literature, with each having particular implications for successful clinical practice. Very little attention has been given to whether reflection is a vital part of narrative medicine and which forms of reflection might be compatible with this approach to patient care. In this article, the most common types of reflection are compared and discussed, specifically regarding their potential role in narrative medicine. Reflection that encourages practitioners to focus on the various perspectives shared within a medical encounter is both in line with the tenets of narrative medicine and has important consequences for patient empowerment.


Author(s):  
Craig Irvine ◽  
Rita Charon

This chapter summarizes the application of philosophical thought in healthcare with the rise of bioethics in the United States. The dominant approach, a rule-based principlism, is described, with a summary of challenges to principlism including casuistry, virtue ethics, and narrative ethics. Narratologists examine the ethical relationships between readers and texts, while clinicians and bioethicists practice narrative ethics through a “ground-up” attention to each patient’s particular needs and desires. Revealing the commonalities between the ethics of reading and the ethics of clinical practice, the chapter proposes the fruitfulness of putting them side by side. Training in narrative medicine may be the optimal training for those who practice narrative ethics in clinical settings, for the major tools of narrative ethics are those fortified by close reading, use of the imagination, radical humility, and the capacity to represent situations so as to fully perceive them.


Author(s):  
Rita Charon ◽  
Sayantani DasGupta ◽  
Nellie Hermann ◽  
Craig Irvine ◽  
Eric R. Marcus ◽  
...  

Narrative medicine is a clinical practice fortified by complex narrative skills that equip healthcare professionals to recognize, absorb, interpret, and be moved to action by patients’ and colleagues’ stories of illness. Founded in 2000 at Columbia University by the authors of this volume, narrative medicine provides rigorous conceptual frameworks and practical clinical methods to increase the accuracy and scope of clinicians’ knowledge of their patients and to deepen their therapeutic partnerships. This book presents the authors’ views, enriched by collaboration with a worldwide network of colleagues, of the workings of the narrative, relational, and reflexive processes of healthcare. Literary theory, narratology, continental philosophies, aesthetic theory, and cultural studies provide the intellectual foundations of narrative medicine, while primary care practice, patient-centered care, psychoanalysis, and interprofessional practice supply the clinical foundations.The book provides both principles and practices of the central tenets of the discipline—relationality and emotion, the philosophies of embodiment, ethicality, participatory pedagogy, close reading, creativity, and clinical practice. Each Part of this volume explains the conceptual foundations of its subject and demonstrates the pedagogic or clinical methods of putting those principles into action. Narrative medicine has grown since its inception into an international movement including many health professional disciplines, patients, families, and institutions.The overarching goal of narrative medicine is to improve the effectiveness of healthcare. This volume provides the standards of the field’s theory and practice as a guide to all who are now joining in this creative commitment to improve healthcare for all.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Di Matteo ◽  
T. Bolgeo ◽  
Maria Teresa Dacquino ◽  
M. Bertolotti ◽  
D. Gatti ◽  
...  

Aim and objectives: The aim of the project will be to acquire and understand, through storytelling (writing), the emotions of women who have recently given birth and their families during hospitalization. Materials and methods: The trial involves a population of 100 patients divided into three arms: women who have given birth according to normal clinical practice; women who have given birth supported by the tool of narrative medicine by operators trained by the project NAME; women who have given birth supported by the tool of narrative medicine by operators trained by the project verba curant. Results: The collection of narratives will offer qualitative and quantitative data: the content analysis will be able to offer a very detailed profile of the narrative under examination. Conclusions: From the data of the study will emerge the basis for the conduct of a project aimed at defining on a larger scale, in different types of patients, the real benefit of the introduction of the tool.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 2295-2305
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Rongxue Peng ◽  
...  

The role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, together with the possibility of detecting microRNA in the circulation, makes miR-21 a potential biomarker for noninvasive detection. In this review, we summarize the potential utility of extracellular miR-21 in the clinical management of hepatic disease patients and compared it with the current clinical practice. MiR-21 shows screening and prognostic value for liver cancer. In liver cirrhosis, miR-21 may serve as a biomarker for the differentiating diagnosis and prognosis. MiR-21 is also a potential biomarker for the severity of hepatitis. We elucidate the disease condition under which miR-21 testing can reach the expected performance. Though miR-21 is a key regulator of liver diseases, microRNAs coordinate with each other in the complex regulatory network. As a result, the performance of miR-21 is better when combined with other microRNAs or classical biomarkers under certain clinical circumstances.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.


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