Abstract. Detailed reconstruction of deep crustal targets by seismic methods remains a long-standing challenge. One key to address this challenge is the joint development of new seismic acquisition systems and leading-edge processing techniques. In marine environments, controlled-source seismic surveys at regional scale are typically carried out with sparse arrays of ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs), which provide incomplete and down-sampled subsurface illumination. To assess and minimize the acquisition footprint in high-resolution imaging process such as full waveform inversion, realistic crustal-scale benchmark models are clearly required.The deficiency of such models prompts us to build one and release it freely to the geophysical community. Here we introduce GO_3D_OBS – a 3D high-resolution geomodel representing a subduction zone, inspired by the geology of the Nankai Trough. The 175 km x 100 km x 30 km model integrates complex geological structures with a visco-elastic isotropic parametrization. It is defined in form of a uniform Cartesian grid containing 33.6e9 degrees of freedom for a grid interval of 25 m. The size of the model raises significant high-performance computing challenges to tackle large-scale forward propagation simulations and related inverse problems. We describe the workflow designed to implement all the model ingredients including 2D structural segments, their projection into the third dimension, stochastic components and physical parametrisation. Various wavefield simulations we present clearly reflect in the seismograms the structural complexity of the model and the footprint of different physical approximations. This benchmark model shall help to optimize the design of next generation 3D academic surveys – in particular but not only long-offset OBS experiments – to mitigate the acquisition footprint during high-resolution imaging of the deep crust.
High-resolution imaging in two-photon excitation microscopy using in situ estimations of the point spread function
