Oriental Ethnic Mind: Ways to Represent It in Translation from Buryat into Russian

The urgency and topicality of the research is due to an insufficient study of zoom-investigating into a pre- and post-translation mental stage, and of ways to identify or forecast the authors mind ethno-centered content. Hereby the objective of the study is to describe ways of representing the oriental ethnic mind in translation from Buryat into Russian. To implement it, the following tasks are solved: to prove the conceptual difference of the Buryat mind within three dimensions the experimental axiological data on the semantic space of three generations of modern Buryats are presented, the main vectors of oriental Buryat mind are determined, the given axiological observations are confirmed on the basis of a literary text material, the author being a conservatively orientally-minded author by himself, and a number of ways to represent the Buryat ethnic mind in translation into Russian are discussed, and their correlated correspondences (ir)relevance issue is respectively raised. The materials are as follows: the semantic differential experiment data and Dambinima Tsyrendashievs story Һuhlshyn uulzalga Last meeting. The research methods are a psycholinguistic experiment, a posttranslation analysis of the target text in Russian, an algorithm presentation of the source text ethnocentered semantics explication at the pre-translation stage which is presented in the conclusion.

The Lightfield Microscope Eyepiece

Lightfield microscopy has raised growing interest in the last few years. Its ability to get three-dimensional information about the sample in a single shot makes it suitable for many applications in which time resolution is fundamental. In this paper we present a novel device, which is capable of converting any conventional microscope into a lightfield microscope. Based on the Fourier integral microscope concept, we designed the lightfield microscope eyepiece. This is coupled to the eyepiece port, to let the user exploit all the host microscope’s components (objective turret, illumination systems, translation stage, etc.) and get a 3D reconstruction of the sample. After the optical design, a proof-of-concept device was built with off-the-shelf optomechanical components. Here, its optical performances are demonstrated, which show good matching with the theoretical ones. Then, the pictures of different samples taken with the lightfield eyepiece are shown, along with the corresponding reconstructions. We demonstrated the functioning of the lightfield eyepiece and lay the foundation for the development of a commercial device that works with any microscope.

Piloting Strategies in Translating Adjective

<p><strong>Parts of speech are important knowledge that needs to be known in the learning language unit to find out the appropriate meaning. Parts of speech indicate the function of the word in forming the meaning within the sentence. This research investigates the translation model of emotional intelligence terms in root word and derivative, especially in adjective type as piloting strategies in translating adjective. The research objectives are (i) to construct a translation model of translating adjectives, (ii) to describe the adjective translation model, and (iii) to describe the way to use the model. The study was using a research development approach. A model was a product of the translation stage based on translation techniques in producing good translation quality. The research was developed based on the research conducted by Nur Hasyim (2019) about “The Translation Analysis of Emotional Intelligence Terms on the book entitled <em>Working with Emotional Intelligence</em> by Daniel Goleman (2019)”. The substance of the model was based on proposed translation techniques such as <em>established-</em> <em>equivalent, transposition, modulation, or borrowing</em>. Those techniques are the considerable techniques that can be used to navigate in translating adjectives to obtain good translation quality</strong>.</p><p><strong><span>Keywords - </span></strong><em><span>Adjective,</span></em><span> <em>Emotional intelligence, Developmental research, Piloting strategies, Translation model, Translation quality.</em></span></p>

PRE-TRANSLATION AND TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF THE TEXT (BASED ON THE NOVEL “OLENIADA” BY I. ROZDOBUDKO)

The article examines peculiarities of the translation analysis of the literary text, in particular the pre-translation stage and translation itself on the example of the political and satirical novel “Oleniada” by I. Rozdobudko. Each researcher has their own point of view on the structure and stages of the translation process. The translation of any text is a long process, which consists of different stages depending on the purpose of the final product. Obtaining a quality adequate translation in the target language requires the translator to take a number of steps to study the author’s work, his or her individual features, genre, if it’s necessary to be an expert on the issues described in the original text – history, medicine, culture, geography, criminology, etc. The vast majority of scholars in the field of translation studies do not distinguish between pre-translation and translation analyzes of text, considering them to be inseparable from each other. Pre-translation analysis of a literary text has its own laws, according to which the dominant features of the work are studied (anthropocentrism, aesthetic information, fiction, imagery, etc.). We define the relevance and prospects of further research on this topic in the comparison of pre-translation analyzes of literary texts by different authors and different genres.

A pre-translation framework for public service translation: A sociological approach to enhance translation effectiveness

In this paper a pre-translation framework developed for public service translation is presented. The framework was developed from a sociological standpoint “whereby translation practice can be viewed in relation to people and institutions involved in it or affected by it” (Taibi & Ozolins, 2016, pp. 63-64) with the aim to provide contextualization and understanding that precedes the actual translation stage. After outlining the framework, its usefulness in obtaining key pre-translation information is showcased through an application form in the Spanish immigration context, i.e. an authentic public service text. Lastly, the paper shows how the information gathered based on the framework will assist in proposing an effective English translation of this application form in the future.

Generating SQL Command Syntax Using MySQL Based on Typing Command Sentence

Information retrieval system is a system that is widely used to retrieve information. This research will discuss how the system finds back the information stored in database tables. Tables in the database are arranged to store all forms of data entered by database users so that later the stored data can be used again. Re-accessing the database's information must go through a mechanism known as a database management system (DBMS). One of the most widely used DBMS is MySQL. By using a DBMS, information and data can be manipulated according to user needs. Data manipulation in the database is done in a special language, namely SQL (Structure Query Language). Mastery of SQL commands is an obligation for database users so that the manipulated data can produce the required information. However, many database users still do not understand how the actual SQL command syntax manages and manipulates data into information. This is, of course, very risky if the solution is not immediately sought because it will hinder the process of retrieving information from the data stored in the database. For this problem to be resolved, it is necessary to design a system that can help database users translate their wishes into SQL command syntax. This paper will discuss how a command in Indonesian can be translated into SQL command syntax. The method used to solve this research problem is rule-based. There are two stages in the main process: the pre-processing stage, which consists of a word tokenization process, and a translation stage, including a keyword grouping process. This keyword grouping process consists of the keyword group analysis phase, table and column analysis, identification of SQL commands, and mapping of SQL commands. From all stages that have been passed and testing of 7 scenarios with ten (10) commands for each scenario, the accuracy is 81.42%. The inaccuracy in the testing process is more a problem of displaying data from two or more tables, for example, using the join table command. This problem can be addressed by adding new rules for the use of table joins.

TRANSLATION AND TRANSCULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE PATIENT MEASURE OF SAFETY (PMOS) QUESTIONNAIRE TO BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE

ABSTRACT Objective to translate and culturally adapt the Patient Measure of Safety questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese. Method a transcultural adaptation study conducted in six stages: translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by experts committee, pre-test, and presentation of the documentation of the entire process to the authors of the instrument. Results in the initial translation and cultural adaptation stage, two versions of the questionnaire were generated. The divergences between both versions and other suggestions were discussed, and the decisions were made by consensus, thus creating a single version. In the back-translation stage, there were no significant differences between the versions and the original instrument. The assessment of the semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences of the Patient Measure of Safety items was performed by a committee of experts from different Brazilian regions. The results of the content validity index were above 0.9 for most of the items. The pre-test was conducted with 30 patients. The mean time for the application of the questionnaire was 31.9 minutes. In relation to the understanding of the items by the patients, a regular or poor interpretation was identified only for 6 of the 44 items, which were modified. Conclusion the “Questionário de Avaliação da Segurança pelo Paciente”, name given to the translated and transculturally adapted version, resulted from a thoughtful process, presenting consistency in the equivalence of the translation and constituting an applicable instrument understood by the target population.

AFM Analysis of Micron and Sub-Micron Sized Bridges Fabricated Using the Femtosecond Laser on YBCO Thin Films

The research arose as a result of the need to use the femtosecond laser to fabricate sub-micron and nano-sized bridges that could be analyzed for the Josephson effect. The femtosecond laser has a low pulse duration of 130 femtoseconds. Hence in an optical setup it was assumed that it could prevent the thermal degradation of the superconductive material during fabrication. In this paper a series of micron and sub-micron sized bridges where fabricated on superconductive yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) thin film using the femtosecond laser, a spherical convex lens of focal length 30 mm and the G-code control programming language applied to a translation stage. The dimensions of the bridges fabricated where analyzed using the atomic force microscope (AFM). As a result, micron sized superconductive bridges of width 1.68 μm, 1.39 μm, 1.23 μm and sub-micron sized bridges of width 858 nm, 732 nm where fabricated. The length of this bridges ranged from 9.6 μm to 12.8 μm. The femtosecond laser technique and the spherical convex lens can be used to fabricate bridges in the sub-micron dimension.

Reliability and Validity of the Dari version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) Questionnaire in Herat, Afghanistan: A cross-sectional study

Background In order to predict social, mental and health care needs we must measure Quality of life of residents. In Afghanistan there was no assessment to measure quality of life of people. The aim of this study was to culturally adapt the WHOQOL-BREF into Dari language of Afghanistan and present its psychometric properties. Methods Cultural adaptation of the WHOQOL-BREF into Dari has consisted of two stages: translation stage, and the cognitive debriefing (pilot) stage following the translation stage. The process of translation of WHOQOL-BREF included recommended methodology, mandating forward translation, backward translation was followed. A total number of 1473 people did participate in this research. Psychometric analyses consisted of item analyses; reliability and validity analyses. Internal consistency analyses were done by Cronbach's alpha value and validity analyses consisted of construct validity (convergent validity by SF-36 and confirmatory factor analyses) and criterion validity (multiple linear regression by overall QoL item (item1)) analyses. Acceptable type 1 error was considered as 0.05 in all analyses. Analyses were done by using Lisrel v8.05 statistical package. Results Item domain correlations and -if item deleted- Cronbach alpha values no problematic item in Afghan version of the WHOQOL-BREF. Internal consistency of the scale was in acceptable limits for all domains (alpha values = 0.79–0.80) except for the social relations domain (alpha = 0.41). Using overall QoL item (item q1) as the dependent variable, multiple regression analysis revealed a R2 value of 57% and all of the four domains of the WHOQOL except that of Social relation domain (beta = 0.03) could explain the variance of the q1, the best domain is the environmental domain with a beta value of 0.30. Construct validity is tested by known groups validity; factorial validity and the convergent validity. All of the known categories of the age, gender, education, social class and economic status, having chronic illness were significantly sensitive to the domain scores of the WHOQOL (p < 0.001). Physical and Psychological domains of the WHOQOL-BREF was highly correlated with the related domains of the SF-36 (r = 0.60 and 0.64). Social and environmental domains showed poor correlations with the SF36. Confirmatory factor analyses showed acceptable goodness of fit results. Chi-square = 2174,748 and Degrees of freedom = 246; GFI: 0.88, CFI: 0.83; RMR: 0.066 and RMSEA: 0.073. Conclusion Afghan Dari version of the WHOQOL-BREF can confidently be used in clinical setting and in population level to assess the QoL of the people. The results of the social relations domain should be interpreted with caution due to its poor psychometric power. Further studies are needed to address the social aspects of quality of life in Afghan population.