New method of holographic three-dimensional tracking of living cells exploiting their morphological properties

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present a new method to analyze the three-dimensional accuracy of complete-arch dental impressions and verify the reliability of the method. Additionally, the accuracies of conventional and intraoral digital impressions were compared using the new method. Methods: A master model was fabricated using 14 milled polyetheretherketone cylinders and a maxillary acrylic model. Each cylinder was positioned and named according to its corresponding tooth position. Twenty-five definitive stone casts were fabricated using conventional impressions of the master model. An intraoral scanner was used to scan the master model 25 times to fabricate 25 digital models. A coordinate measuring machine was used to physically probe each cylinder in the master model and definitive casts. An inspection software was used to probe cylinders of digital models. A three-dimensional part coordinate system was defined and used to compute the centroid coordinate of each cylinder. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was evaluated to examine the reliability of the new method. Independent two sample t-test was performed to compare the trueness and precision of conventional and intraoral digital impressions (α = 0.05). Results: ICC results showed that, the new method had almost perfect reliability for the measurements of the master model, conventional and digital impression. Conventional impression showed more accurate absolute trueness and precision than intraoral digital impression for most of the tooth positions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The new method was reliable to analyze the three-dimensional deviation of complete-arch impressions. Conventional impression was still more accurate than digital intraoral impression for complete arches.

Download Full-text

Extrusion Based 3D Printing of Sustainable Biocomposites from Biocarbon and Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4164

Author(s):

Elizabeth Diederichs ◽

Maisyn Picard ◽

Boon Peng Chang ◽

Manjusri Misra ◽

Amar Mohanty

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Surface Finish ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Great Promise ◽

Structural Components ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Trimethylene Terephthalate ◽

Optimal Quantity

Three-dimensional (3D) printing manufactures intricate computer aided designs without time and resource spent for mold creation. The rapid growth of this industry has led to its extensive use in the automotive, biomedical, and electrical industries. In this work, biobased poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) blends were combined with pyrolyzed biomass to create sustainable and novel printing materials. The Miscanthus biocarbon (BC), generated from pyrolysis at 650 °C, was combined with an optimized PTT blend at 5 and 10 wt % to generate filaments for extrusion 3D printing. Samples were printed and analyzed according to their thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. Although there were no significant differences seen in the mechanical properties between the two BC composites, the optimal quantity of BC was 5 wt % based upon dimensional stability, ease of printing, and surface finish. These printable materials show great promise for implementation into customizable, non-structural components in the electrical and automotive industries.

Download Full-text

Autonomous Operation of 3D DNA Walkers in Living Cells for MicroRNA Imaging

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr06651f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Hu ◽

Fu Zhou ◽

Baojuan Wang ◽

Xin Chang ◽

Tianyue Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Living Cells ◽

Autonomous Operation ◽

Dna Walkers

Three dimensional (3D) DNA walkers possesses the potential as ideal candidates for signal transduction and amplification in bioassays. However, intracellularly autonomous operation of 3D DNA walkers is still limitedly implemented...

Download Full-text

A new method for volumetric measurement of the normal female cervix by three‐dimensional transvaginal ultrasound

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.13734 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matija Prka ◽

Albert Despot ◽

Alemka Brnčić Fischer ◽

Herman Haller ◽

Ana Tikvica Luetić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

New Method ◽

Normal Female ◽

Volumetric Measurement

Download Full-text

Three-dimensional analysis of the root canal preparation with Reciproc Blue®, WaveOne Gold® and XP EndoShaper®: a new method in vivo

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01450-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Javier Caviedes-Bucheli ◽

Nestor Rios-Osorio ◽

Diana Usme ◽

Cristian Jimenez ◽

Adriana Pinzon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Reconstruction ◽

Root Canal ◽

Paired Comparison ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

New Method ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Paired Data ◽

Before And After ◽

Student’S T

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in canal volume after root canal preparation in vivo with 3 different single-file techniques (Reciproc-Blue®, WaveOne-Gold® and XP-EndoShaper®), with a new method using CBCT and 3D reconstruction. Methods In this prospective study, thirty human lower premolars from healthy patients were used, in which extraction was indicated for orthodontic reasons. All the teeth used were caries- and restoration-free with complete root development, without signs of periodontal disease or traumatic occlusion, and with only one straight canal (up to 25º curvature). Teeth were randomly divided into three different groups: Reciproc-Blue, WaveOne-Gold and XP-EndoShaper. CBCT scans before root canal preparation were used to create a 3D reconstruction with RHINOCEROS 5.0 software to assess the initial canal volume, and then compared with 3D reconstructions after canal preparation to measure the increase in canal volume. Student’s t test for paired data were used to determine statistically significant differences between the before and after canal volumes. Anova test was used to determine statistically significant differences in the percentage of canal volume increase between the groups and Tukey's post-hoc test were used to paired comparison. Results Reciproc-Blue showed the higher increase in canal volume, followed by WaveOne-Gold and XP-EndoShaper (p = 0.003). XP-EndoShaper did not show a statistically significant increase in canal volume after root canal preparation (p = 0.06). Conclusion With this model, Reciproc-Blue showed higher increase in root canal volume, followed by WaveOne-Gold, while XP-EndoShaper did not significantly increase root canal volume during preparation.

Download Full-text

Morphological and Physiological Characterization of Layer VI Corticofugal Neurons of Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.01051.2002 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (5) ◽

pp. 2854-2867 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Joshua C. Brumberg ◽

Farid Hamzei-Sichani ◽

Rafael Yuste

Keyword(s):

Visual Cortex ◽

Primary Visual Cortex ◽

Action Potentials ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Feedback Connection ◽

Physiological Characterization ◽

Layer Vi

Layer VI is the origin of the massive feedback connection from the cortex to the thalamus, yet its complement of cell types and their connections is poorly understood. The physiological and morphological properties of corticofugal neurons of layer VI of mouse primary visual cortex were investigated in slices loaded with the Ca2+indicator fura-2AM. To identify corticofugal neurons, electrical stimulation of the white matter (WM) was done in conjunction with calcium imaging to detect neurons that responded with changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in response to the stimulation. Subsequent whole cell recordings confirmed that they discharged antidromic action potentials after WM stimulation. Antidromically activated neurons were more excitable and had different spiking properties than neighboring nonantidromic neurons, although both groups had similar input resistances. Furthermore, antidromic neurons possessed narrower action potentials and smaller afterhyperpolarizations. Additionally, three-dimensional reconstructions indicated that antidromically activated neurons had a distinct morphology with longer apical dendrites and fewer nonprimary dendrites than nonantidromic cells. To identify the antidromic neurons, rhodamine microspheres were injected into the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and allowed to retrogradely transport back to the somata of the layer VI cortico-geniculate neurons. Physiological and anatomical analysis indicated that most antidromic neurons were likely to be cortico-geniculate neurons. Our results show that cortico-thalamic neurons represent a specific functional and morphological class of layer VI neurons.

Download Full-text

2P-022 Investigating protein three-dimensional structures inside living cells by in-cell NMR spectroscopy(The 46th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan)

Seibutsu Butsuri ◽

10.2142/biophys.48.s78_3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (supplement) ◽

pp. S78

Author(s):

Junpei Hamatsu ◽

Daisuke Sakakibara ◽

Atsuko Sasaki ◽

Teppei Ikeya ◽

Masaki Mishima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Living Cells ◽

Biophysical Society

Download Full-text

Calculation of Horseshoe Vortex Flow Without Numerical Mixing

Volume 1: Turbomachinery ◽

10.1115/84-gt-241 ◽

1984 ◽

Author(s):

Joan G. Moore ◽

John Moore

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Leading Edge ◽

Horseshoe Vortex ◽

Companion Paper ◽

New Method ◽

Uniform Grid ◽

Grid Spacing ◽

Three Dimensional Flow ◽

Numerical Mixing ◽

Well Posed

The usefulness of three-dimensional flow calculations has frequently been obscured by the numerical mixing present in the calculation methods. This paper describes a new method of forming the finite difference momentum equations. The new method results in well posed equations which introduce no numerical mixing. It may be used with orthogonal or non-orthogonal grids and with uniform or highly non-uniform grid spacing. The method is demonstrated by comparing it with upwind differencing on the calculation of a simple example. It is then used in an elliptic pressure-correction calculation procedure to calculate a leading edge horseshoe vortex about a Rankine half body. The results compare well with the experimental data presented in a companion paper.

Download Full-text

Developmental enhancers and chromosome topology

Science ◽

10.1126/science.aau0320 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 361 (6409) ◽

pp. 1341-1345 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Eileen E. M. Furlong ◽

Michael Levine

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

Living Cells ◽

Specific Cell ◽

Transcriptional Dynamics ◽

Spatiotemporal Expression ◽

Chromosome Topology ◽

Classical Models ◽

And Function ◽

Target Promoters

Developmental enhancers mediate on/off patterns of gene expression in specific cell types at particular stages during metazoan embryogenesis. They typically integrate multiple signals and regulatory determinants to achieve precise spatiotemporal expression. Such enhancers can map quite far—one megabase or more—from the genes they regulate. How remote enhancers relay regulatory information to their target promoters is one of the central mysteries of genome organization and function. A variety of contrasting mechanisms have been proposed over the years, including enhancer tracking, linking, looping, and mobilization to transcription factories. We argue that extreme versions of these mechanisms cannot account for the transcriptional dynamics and precision seen in living cells, tissues, and embryos. We describe emerging evidence for dynamic three-dimensional hubs that combine different elements of the classical models.

Download Full-text