scholarly journals Land Surface Model and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on the Model-Optimization Method for Improving Soil Moisture Simulation in a Semi-Arid Region

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0151576
Author(s):  
Qidong Yang ◽  
Hongchao Zuo ◽  
Weidong Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Model Optimization ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Application of a particle swarm optimization to a physically-based erosion model

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Santos ◽  
Luiz Pinto ◽  
Paula De Macedo Machado Freire ◽  
Sudhanshu Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Erosion Model ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Application of a particle swarm optimization to a physically-based erosion model The difficulties involved in calibration of physically based erosion models have been partly attributable to the lack of robust optimization tools. This paper presents the essential concepts and application to optimize channel and plane parameters in an erosion model, with a global optimization method known as Repulsive Particle Swarm (RPS), a variant of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. The physically-based erosion model that which was chosen is called WESP (watershed erosion simulation program). The optimization technique was tested with the field data collected in an experimental watershed located in a semi-arid region of Brazil. On the basis of these results, the recommended erosion parameter values for a semi-arid region are given, which could serve as an initial estimate for other similar areas.

scholarly journals Observed nighttime conductance alters modeled global hydrology and carbon budgets

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 10339-10363 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Lombardozzi ◽  
M. J. B. Zeppel ◽  
R. A. Fisher ◽  
A. Tawfik
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The terrestrial biosphere regulates climate through carbon, water, and energy exchanges with the atmosphere. Land surface models estimate plant transpiration, which is actively regulated by stomatal pores, and provide projections essential for understanding Earth's carbon and water resources. Empirical evidence from 204 species suggests that significant amounts of water are lost through leaves at night, though land surface models typically reduce stomatal conductance to nearly zero at night. Here, we apply observed nighttime stomatal conductance values to a global land surface model, to better constrain carbon and water budgets. We find that our modifications increase transpiration up to 5 % globally, reduce modeled available soil moisture by up to 50 % in semi-arid regions, and increase the importance of the land surface on modulating energy fluxes. Carbon gain declines up to ~ 4 % globally and > 25 % in semi-arid regions. We advocate for realistic constraints of minimum stomatal conductance in future climate simulations, and widespread field observations to improve parameterizations.

Assessment of the Sensitivity to the Thermal Roughness Length in Noah and Noah-MP Land Surface Model Using WRF in an Arid Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 2121-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Weston ◽  
Naira Chaouch ◽  
Vineeth Valappil ◽  
Marouane Temimi ◽  
Michael Ek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Roughness Length ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Thermal Roughness Length

An Overview of the Land Surface Processes Experiment (Laspex) over a Semi-Arid Region of India

2003 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Vernekar ◽  
S. Sinha ◽  
L. K. Sadani ◽  
S. Sivaramakrishnan ◽  
S. S. Parasnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Land Surface Processes ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Technical Note: Reducing the spin-up time of integrated surface water–groundwater models

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 5169-5179 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ajami ◽  
J. P. Evans ◽  
M. F. McCabe ◽  
S. Stisen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Depth To Water Table ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Semi Arid Region

Abstract. One of the main challenges in the application of coupled or integrated hydrologic models is specifying a catchment's initial conditions in terms of soil moisture and depth-to-water table (DTWT) distributions. One approach to reducing uncertainty in model initialization is to run the model recursively using either a single year or multiple years of forcing data until the system equilibrates with respect to state and diagnostic variables. However, such "spin-up" approaches often require many years of simulations, making them computationally intensive. In this study, a new hybrid approach was developed to reduce the computational burden of the spin-up procedure by using a combination of model simulations and an empirical DTWT function. The methodology is examined across two distinct catchments located in a temperate region of Denmark and a semi-arid region of Australia. Our results illustrate that the hybrid approach reduced the spin-up period required for an integrated groundwater–surface water–land surface model (ParFlow.CLM) by up to 50%. To generalize results to different climate and catchment conditions, we outline a methodology that is applicable to other coupled or integrated modeling frameworks when initialization from an equilibrium state is required.

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