Correction: Hybrid Origins of Carex rostrata var. borealis and C. stenolepis, Two Problematic Taxa in Carex Section Vesicariae (Cyperaceae)

In three wetlands in southeastern Ontario, ferric hydroxide was deposited on the roots of Typha latifolia (maximum, 67 × 103 ppm); in four other wetlands, deposition was negligible (< 103 ppm). Iron deposition was seasonal, with the peak period in July–August corresponding to peak biomass production of shoots. In one wetland where Carex rostrata and Phragmites australis occurred, seasonal plaque formation was similar. Plaque formation was not obviously related to Eh and pH regimes.

Download Full-text

Carex Rostrata-Sphagnum Warnstorfii Mire

British Plant Communities ◽

10.1017/9780521391658.012 ◽

1992 ◽

pp. 84-87

Keyword(s):

Carex Rostrata

Download Full-text

Roots, Tissues, Cells and Fragments—How to Characterize Peat from Drained and Rewetted Fens

Soil Systems ◽

10.3390/soilsystems4010012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dierk Michaelis ◽

Almut Mrotzek ◽

John Couwenberg

Keyword(s):

Phragmites Australis ◽

Plant Succession ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Novel Ecosystems ◽

Main Constituent ◽

Deep Drainage ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

Type C

We present analyses of macroscopic and microscopic remains as a tool to characterise sedge fen peats. We use it to describe peat composition and stages of peat decomposition, to assess the success of rewetting of a formerly drained fen, and to understand the workings of these novel ecosystems. We studied two percolation fen sites, one drained and one drained and rewetted 20 years ago. Years of deep drainage have resulted in a layer of strongly decomposed peat which lacks recognizable macro-remains. We could associate micro-remains with macro-remains, and thus still characterise the peat and the plants that once formed it. We show that the strongly decomposed peat is of the same origin as the slightly decomposed peat below, and that is was ploughed. We present descriptions of eight types of the main constituent of sedge peat: plant roots, including Carex rostrata type, C. lasiocarpa/rostrata type, C. limosa type, C. acutiformis type, C. echinata type, Phragmites australis type, Cladium type, Equisetum type. We describe three new non-pollen palynomorph types (microscopic remains) and five new subtypes. The rewetted fen provides insights into plant succession after rewetting and the formation of peat that predominantly consists of roots. Results indicate that leaf sheaths may be a consistent component of the peat.

Download Full-text

Volatile Organic Compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9007 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roger Seco ◽

Thomas Holst ◽

Andreas Westergaard-Nielsen ◽

Tao Li ◽

Tihomir Simin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Cover ◽

Growing Season ◽

Mass Spectrometers ◽

Mixing Ratios ◽

Discontinuous Permafrost ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Trace Gas Fluxes ◽

Ecosystem Level ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

High Fraction

Arctic climate is warming twice as much as the global average, due to a number of climate system feedbacks, including albedo change due to retreating snow cover and sea ice, and the forest cover expansion across the open tundra. Northern ecosystems are known to emit trace gases (e.g., methane and volatile organic compounds, VOCs) to the atmosphere, from sources as diverse as soils, vegetation and lakes. These trace gas fluxes are likely to show a trend towards greater emissions with climate warming.Here we report ecosystem-level VOC fluxes from Stordalen Mire, a subarctic peatland complex with a high fraction of open pond and lake surfaces, underlain by discontinuous permafrost and located in the Subarctic Sweden (68&#186;20' N, 19&#186;03' E).In 2018, we deployed two online mass spectrometers (PTR-TOF-MS) to measure rapid fluctuations in VOC mixing ratios and to quantify ecosystem-level fluxes with the eddy covariance technique. One of the instruments obtained a growing-season-long dataset of biogenic emissions from palsa mire vegetation dominated by mosses (e.g., Sphagnum spp.), graminoids (such as Eriophorum spp. and Carex spp.), dwarf shrubs (e.g. Empetrum spp. and Betula nana) surrounding the ICOS Sweden Abisko-Stordalen long-term measurement station. The second instrument measured VOC fluxes during two contrasting periods (the peak and the end of the growing season) from a subarctic lake and its adjacent fen, permafrost-free, minerotrophic wetland with vegetation dominated by tall graminoids, mainly Carex rostrata and Eriophorum angustifolium.At both sites, isoprene was the dominant VOC emitted by vegetation, showing clear diurnal patterns along the season and especially during the peak of the growing season in July. At the ICOS Sweden station, isoprene fluxes exceeded 2 nmol m-2 s-1 on several days in July, with a July monthly average midday emission of 1 nmol m-2 s-1. The fen site showed average midday emissions of 2 nmol m-2 s-1 during the peak growing season. Other VOCs emitted by vegetation at both sites in July were, with decreasing magnitude, methanol, acetone, acetaldehyde and monoterpenes. In contrast, acetaldehyde and acetone were not emitted but mostly deposited to the fen at the end of the season. In contrast to the wetland, the lake was a sink for acetaldehyde and acetone during all measurement periods.Thermal imaging and spectral analysis of vegetation will be used to assess relationships between VOC fluxes, vegetation surface temperatures and phenology under varying environmental conditions.

Download Full-text

Productivité en larves de moustiques (Diptera: Culicidae) des milieux aquatiques peu profonds d'un secteur du Moyen-Nord Québécois (LG-1, Territoire de la Baie de James)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z81-106 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

pp. 738-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claude Tessier ◽

Alain Maire ◽

Antoine Aubin

Keyword(s):

Relative Frequency ◽

Larval Density ◽

James Bay ◽

Ecological Distribution ◽

Carex Aquatilis ◽

Aedes Mosquitoes ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

Quantitative Results ◽

The Mean ◽

Ecological Unit

The LG-1 area (53°46′ N; 77°30′ W) is located on La Grande Rivière, 28 km upstream of its mouth at James Bay. It is a Middle Subarctic landscape. The ecological distribution of mosquito larval populations of 21 species is analyzed. For each ecological unit the following data are taken into account: the density of the larval community (larvae per metre cubed) and relative frequency (percentage) of the species per sample.The larval productivity of snowmelt Aedes mosquitoes is evaluated for each ecological unit from the percentage of the area covered by water (percentage), the average depth of the shallow pools (in metres) and the mosquito larval density. The mean number of larvae (log x) per hectare and the standard error of mean range from 4.77 ± 0.255 (33 000 < 59 000 < 106 000) in the Carex rostrata unit with peat bog substrate up to 7.12 ± 0.413 (5.1 × 106 < 1.3 × 107 < 3.4 × 107) in the silty Carex aquatilis unit. The mapping of a typical area of 2 500 ha in which 626 ha are mosquito-productive wetlands, shows an average productivity (log x) of 5.29 ± 0.146 (140 000 < 200 000 < 280 000). These data are compared with quantitative results published from similar northern localities.

Download Full-text

Dynamics of vegetation changes in oil and salt-contaminated oligotrophic ridge-hollow mire complexes after reclamation (Middle Pre-Ob region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra)

SOCIALNO-ECOLOGICHESKIE TECHNOLOGII ◽

10.31862/500-2961-2020-10-3-306-350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 306-350

Author(s):

Ekaterina A. Shishkonakova

Keyword(s):

West Siberia ◽

Oil Fields ◽

Medium Term ◽

Eriophorum Angustifolium ◽

Leading Role ◽

Moss Layer ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

Oxycoccus Palustris ◽

Khanty Mansi Autonomous ◽

Eutrophic Species

Oligotrophic ridge-hollow and ridge-hollow-pool complex mires are widely distributed in the central part of West Siberia, including many oil fields of the Middle Pre-Ob region. The article considers the dynamics of re-vegetation of oil and salt-contaminated areas of these mire types subjected to reclamation. Survey materials for 2–3 years and 15 years after reclamation allow to identify the main trends in vegetation restoration in the short and medium term. The reversible oligotrophication of ridges manifests in a relative decrease in the participation of the meso-eutrophic species on contaminated mire sites. In the hollows, however, the similar trend can be traced only in relation to oil-contaminated sites, whereas in the salt-contaminated hollows, the strong eutrophic conditions last. In the medium-term perspective, most typical oligotrophic hollow species, with the exception of Eriophorum russeolum and Oxycoccus palustris, were unable to recover. In the course of dynamic changes in the vegetation, the leading role in recovery successions gradually passes to mesotrophic and eutrophic species possessing massive root systems and aerenchyma – Eriophorum angustifolium, Phragmites australis, Carex rostrata, etc. Restoration of the moss layer is several years behind that of the grass layer, and due to the lack of competition, the participation of liverworts in it is of great importance, especially in salt spills. At the same time, among mosses as in the case of vascular species mesotrophic components are the main dominant ones15 years after reclamation.

Download Full-text

Primary and secondary succession on wooded peat-bogs

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/1160 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 89-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Robert Neuhäusl

Keyword(s):

Final Stage ◽

Secondary Succession ◽

Peat Bogs ◽

Trophic Conditions ◽

Natural Succession ◽

Eriophorum Angustifolium ◽

Land Drainage ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Succession Series

Study of primary and secondary succession on wooded peat- bogs are presented. Research has been done on a complex of mountain peat-bogs in the Bohemian Moravian Highland (Czechoslovakia). Natural succession series began with reed sedge and reed stands and terminated with Viccinio uliginosi-Pinetum, Calamagrostio villosae-Piceatum and Alnion glutinosae uder oligotrophic, oligo-mesotrophic and meso-eutrophic conditions, respectively. In marginal parts of peat-bogs (lagg) sedge fens are followed by birch cart. Open pine stands (Pino rotundatae-Sphagnetum) is submitted to cyclic succesion. The secondary succession may begin with the Sphagnum cuspidatum, Eriophorum angustifolium or Carex rostrata, and Carex rostrata stages, depending on trophic conditions of water. The final stage is usually Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum or Pino rotundatae-Spagnetum. Secondary succession pattern is influenced both by eutrophication and peat-land drainage.

Download Full-text

Peatland unit types of lake-bog systems in the middle Priob’ie (Western Siberia)

Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change ◽

10.17816/edgcc11s115-124 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1S) ◽

pp. 115-124

Author(s):

I V Filippov ◽

E D Lapshina

Keyword(s):

Satellite Images ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Dwarf Shrubs ◽

Sphagnum Bogs ◽

Carex Rostrata ◽

Thematic Information ◽

Landscape Ecological ◽

Sphagnum Bog ◽

Promising Source

The new GIS technologies and availability of satellite images of high resolution all over the world could be a promising source of thematic information about the distribution of the Western Siberian bogs. At the same time for the accurate interpretation of peatland diversity on the base of satellite images detailed quality ground truth information is necessary. Following peatland unit types have been distinguished and described within the study area “Kukushkino Bog” situated 60 km to the east from Khanty-Mansiysk within the huge oligotrophic lake-bog system: 1 - pine-dwarf shrubs-sphagnum bogs (‘ryam’), 2 - pine-dwarf shrubs-sphagnum bog with small cotton-grass sphagnum hollows, 3 - dwarf shrubs-cotton grass-sphagnum bogs (‘open bog’), 4 - ombrotrophic ridge-hollow complex, 5 - ombrotrophic sphagnum lawns complex & water tracks, 6 - poor sedge (Carex rostrata)-sphagnum fens. Detailed study of peatland diversity and development of landscape-ecological classification of mire types for the territory of Western Siberia could be a good scientific base for the future investigation of peatlands and estimated of their values of carbon pool.

Download Full-text