Seasonal deposition of ferric hydroxide plaque on roots of wetland plants

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 2120-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Crowder ◽  
S. M. Macfie
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Peak Biomass ◽  
Carex Rostrata ◽  
Seasonal Deposition

In three wetlands in southeastern Ontario, ferric hydroxide was deposited on the roots of Typha latifolia (maximum, 67 × 103 ppm); in four other wetlands, deposition was negligible (< 103 ppm). Iron deposition was seasonal, with the peak period in July–August corresponding to peak biomass production of shoots. In one wetland where Carex rostrata and Phragmites australis occurred, seasonal plaque formation was similar. Plaque formation was not obviously related to Eh and pH regimes.

scholarly journals Nutrient removal potential and biomass production by Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia on European rewetted peat and mineral soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 141102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen J.M. Geurts ◽  
Claudia Oehmke ◽  
Carla Lambertini ◽  
Franziska Eller ◽  
Brian K. Sorrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Mineral Soils

scholarly journals Roots, Tissues, Cells and Fragments—How to Characterize Peat from Drained and Rewetted Fens

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dierk Michaelis ◽  
Almut Mrotzek ◽  
John Couwenberg
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Novel Ecosystems ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Carex Rostrata ◽  
Type C

We present analyses of macroscopic and microscopic remains as a tool to characterise sedge fen peats. We use it to describe peat composition and stages of peat decomposition, to assess the success of rewetting of a formerly drained fen, and to understand the workings of these novel ecosystems. We studied two percolation fen sites, one drained and one drained and rewetted 20 years ago. Years of deep drainage have resulted in a layer of strongly decomposed peat which lacks recognizable macro-remains. We could associate micro-remains with macro-remains, and thus still characterise the peat and the plants that once formed it. We show that the strongly decomposed peat is of the same origin as the slightly decomposed peat below, and that is was ploughed. We present descriptions of eight types of the main constituent of sedge peat: plant roots, including Carex rostrata type, C. lasiocarpa/rostrata type, C. limosa type, C. acutiformis type, C. echinata type, Phragmites australis type, Cladium type, Equisetum type. We describe three new non-pollen palynomorph types (microscopic remains) and five new subtypes. The rewetted fen provides insights into plant succession after rewetting and the formation of peat that predominantly consists of roots. Results indicate that leaf sheaths may be a consistent component of the peat.

scholarly journals Synchrotron micro-scale measurement of metal distributions in Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia root tissue from an urban brownfield site

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Feng ◽  
Yu Qian ◽  
Frank J. Gallagher ◽  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
Lizhong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Brownfield Site

scholarly journals Chloride Accumulation in Aboveground Biomass of Three Macrophytes (Phragmites Australis, Juncus Maritimus, and Typha Latifolia) Depending on Their Growth Stages and Salinity Exposure. Application for Cl- Removal and Phytodesalinization.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Delattre ◽  
Isabelle TECHER ◽  
Benjamin Reneaud ◽  
Patrick Verdoux ◽  
Isabelle Laffont-Schwob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Chloride Removal ◽  
Juvenile Plants

Abstract Anthropogenic activities can be the source of saline solid wastes that need to be treated to reduce their salt load to meet the purposes of reuse, valorization or storage. In this context, chloride remediation can be achieved using high-salt accumulating plants. However, there is very limited information on the comparative potential of different species in the same environment, and only scarce data concerning their efficiency as a function of growth stage. In order to rationalize these selection criteria, three macrophytes i.e. common reed (Phragmites australis), sea rush (Juncus maritimus) and cattail (Typha latifolia) were cultivated at two growth stages (6-months old and 1-year old) for 65 days in Cl- spiked substrates (from 0 up to 24 ‰ NaCl). The plants’ survival and potential capacity for removal of Cl- from substrates and accumulation in shoots were investigated. For the three studied species, mature and juvenile plants display a high tolerance to salinity. However, mature specimens with higher shoot biomass and Cl- contents are capable of greater chloride removal than juvenile plants. The sole exception is P. australis which displays just the same phytoremediation potential for both mature and juvenile specimens. Moreover, P. australis has the lowest potential when compared with other species, being 1.5 and 3 times lower than for J. maritimus and T. latifolia. When considering the plant growth and the shoot biomass production, chloride removal rates from the substrate point that mature J. maritimus should preferentially be used to design an operational chloride remediation system. The results highlight the relevance of considering the growth stage of plants used for Cl- removal.

scholarly journals Fe, Mn and 238U Accumulations in Phragmites australis Naturally Growing at the Mill Tailings Pond; Iron Plaque Formation Possibly Related to Root-Endophytic Bacteria Producing Siderophores

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Nakamoto ◽  
Kohei Doyama ◽  
Toshikatsu Haruma ◽  
Xingyan Lu ◽  
Kazuya Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Iron Plaque ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Tailings Pond ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Mill Tailings ◽  
Rhizobium Spp

Mine drainage is a vital water problem in the mining industry worldwide because of the heavy metal elements and low pH. Rhizofiltration using wetland plants is an appropriate method to remove heavy metals from the water via accumulation in the rhizosphere. Phragmites australis is one of the candidate plants for this method because of metal accumulation, forming iron plaque around the roots. At the study site, which was the mill tailings pond in the Ningyo-toge uranium mine, P. australis has been naturally growing since 1998. The results showed that P. australis accumulated Fe, Mn, and 238U in the nodal roots without/with iron plaque compared with other plant tissues. Among the 837 bacterial colonies isolated from nodal roots, 88.6% showed siderophore production activities. Considering iron plaque formation around P. australis roots, we hypothesized that microbial siderophores might influence iron plaque formation because bacterial siderophores have catechol-like functional groups. The complex of catechol or other phenolics with Fe was precipitated due to the networks between Fe and phenolic derivatives. The experiment using bacterial products of root endophytes, such as Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium spp., showed precipitation with Fe ions, and we confirmed that several Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium spp. produced unidentified phenolic compounds. In conclusion, root-endophytic bacteria such as Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium spp., isolated from metal-accumulating roots of P. australis, might influence iron plaque formation as the metal accumulation site. Iron plaque formation is related to tolerance in P. australis, and Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium spp. might indirectly contribute to tolerance. Although there are many issues to be resolved in this research, we hope that the fundamental analysis of plant-microbe interactions would be helpful for phytoremediation at mine sites.

scholarly journals Материалы к флоре болот Тамбовской области

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
Олег Геннадьевич Гришуткин
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Salix Cinerea ◽  
Carex Acuta ◽  
Lycopus Europaeus

Тамбовская область находится в лесостепной природной зоне, которая характеризуется сравнительно низкой заболоченностью и сильным преобразованием естественных ландшафтов. В XX веке болота подверглись значительному антропогенному воздействию, что отразилось на флоре, но почти не было зафиксировано в публикациях последних трех десятилетий. Нами в 2011–2021 гг. маршрутно-ключевым методом обследовано 46 болот в 13 районах Тамбовской области, на основе полученных результатов составлен список высших растений, указано их распределение по основным типам болот (низинные, переходные, верховые) и встречаемость. На болотах Тамбовской области выявлено 158 видов сосудистых растений (108 родов и 55 семейств) и 33 вида мхов (14 родов и 9 семейств). Наиболее часто на болотах региона из сосудистых растений встречались Salix cinerea, Typha latifolia, Lysimachia vulgaris, L. thyrsiflora, Carex acuta, Betula pubescens, Calamagrostis canescens, Phragmites australis, Lycopus europaeus, из мхов – Sphagnum fallax, S. flexuosum, S. angustifolium. На болотах зафиксированы популяции 22 видов, включённых в Красную книгу Тамбовской области.   БлагодарностиРабота проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания 121051100099-5.

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