Community level antibiotic utilization in India and its comparison vis-à-vis European countries: Evidence from pharmaceutical sales data

Screening for STIs in men who have sex with men receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis resulted in high consumption of macrolides, extended spectrum cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines. The consumption of macrolides was 52 times as high as that reported for community-level consumption in certain European countries.

Download Full-text

PMD92 Inhaler Use in Five European Countries: Analysis of Sales Data From Q4 2005 to Q4 2011

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.941 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. A361 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. Price ◽

J. Marshall ◽

R. Turner

Keyword(s):

European Countries ◽

Sales Data

Download Full-text

Uptake of new antidiabetic medicines in 11 European countries

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00798-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nika Mardetko ◽

Urska Nabergoj Makovec ◽

Igor Locatelli ◽

Andrej Janez ◽

Mitja Kos

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Median Time ◽

Market Share ◽

European Countries ◽

European Medicines Agency ◽

Sales Data ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Therapy Cost ◽

Continuous Use ◽

Active Substances

Abstract Background Several new antidiabetic medicines (GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT-2 inhibitors) have been approved by the European Medicines Agency since 2006. The aim of this study was to evaluate the uptake of new antidiabetic medicines in European countries over a 10-year period. Methods The study used IQVIA quarterly value and volume sales data January 2006–December 2016. The market uptake of new antidiabetic medicines together with intensity of prescribing policy for all antidiabetic medicines were estimated for Austria, Croatia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The following measures were determined: number of available new active substances, median time to first continuous use, volume market share, and annual therapy cost. Results All countries had at least one new antidiabetic medicine in continuous use and an increase in intensity of prescribing policy for all antidiabetic medicines was observed. A tenfold difference in median time to first continuous use (3–30 months) was found. The annual therapy cost in 2016 of new antidiabetic medicines ranged from EUR 363 to EUR 769. Among new antidiabetic medicines, the market share of DPP-4 inhibitors was the highest. Countries with a higher volume market share of incretin-based medicines (Spain, France, Austria, and Germany) in 2011 had a lower increase in intensity of prescribing policy. This kind of correlation was not found in the case of SGLT-2 inhibitors. Conclusions This study found important differences and variability in the uptake of new antidiabetic medicines in the included countries.

Download Full-text

The Vanishing Viper: themes from a meeting to consider better conservation of Vipera berus

Herpetological Bulletin ◽

10.33256/hb149.110 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Angela Julian

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Working Group ◽

Habitat Management ◽

Community Level ◽

European Countries ◽

Free Flow ◽

Vipera Berus ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

The Creation ◽

Population Restoration

‘Vanishing Viper 2019’ was organised in the wake of continuing evidence for declines in British populations of the northern viper or adder (Vipera berus). The meeting included British participants as well as those from other European countries, whose insights suggest that the drivers of adder declines in mainland Europe are similar to those in Britain. Consequently, we stand to benefit from their knowledge and experience. It was concluded that if adder declines continue at the present pace then Britain may be left with a few large, flourishing populations, but that many of the smaller populations will be lost as appears to have happened in Belgium, France, Germany and The Netherlands. The meeting considered a range of conservation actions including improvements to habitat management, the creation of adder ‘ARKs’, population restoration by genetic or demographic enhancements, community level promotion and outreach, and opportunities for new policy-driven environmental schemes. It is recommended to create a national Adder Working Group to help crystallise and prioritise the main issues and a larger, more informal Adder Network to link and co-ordinate adder researchers and land managers to ensure a free flow of ideas, information and advice. Our chances of success in these ventures will be all the greater if we continue to share experience with our European neighbours.

Download Full-text

Global antibiotic consumption 2000 to 2010: an analysis of national pharmaceutical sales data

The Lancet Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/s1473-3099(14)70780-7 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 742-750 ◽

Cited By ~ 967

Author(s):

Thomas P Van Boeckel ◽

Sumanth Gandra ◽

Ashvin Ashok ◽

Quentin Caudron ◽

Bryan T Grenfell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Consumption ◽

Pharmaceutical Sales ◽

Sales Data

Download Full-text

A pan-European study of SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater under the EU Sewage Sentinel System

10.1101/2021.06.11.21258756 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shelesh Agrawal ◽

Laura Orschler ◽

Selina Schubert ◽

Kira Zachmann ◽

Leo Heijnen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Commission ◽

Community Level ◽

European Countries ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

European Study ◽

Genomic Variants ◽

Wastewater Samples ◽

Insight Into ◽

The Eu

Wastewater based surveillance employing qPCR has already shown its utility for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 at community level, and consequently the European Commission has recommended the implementation of an EU Sewage Sentinel System. However, using sequencing for the determination of genomic variants in wastewater is not fully established yet. Therefore, we focused on the sequencing analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater samples collected across 20 European countries including 54 municipalities. The results provide insight into the abundance and the profile of the mutations associated with the variants of concerns: B.1.1.7, P.1, B.1.351 and B.1.617.2, which were present in various wastewater samples. This study shows that integrating genomic and wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can support the identification of variants circulating in a city at community level.

Download Full-text

Assessment of WHO antibiotic consumption and access targets in 76 countries, 2000–15: an analysis of pharmaceutical sales data

The Lancet Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30332-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eili Y Klein ◽

Maja Milkowska-Shibata ◽

Katie K Tseng ◽

Mike Sharland ◽

Sumanth Gandra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Consumption ◽

Pharmaceutical Sales ◽

Sales Data

Download Full-text

Averting robo-bees: why free-flying robotic bees are a bad idea

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20190063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 723-729

Author(s):

Roslyn Gleadow ◽

Jim Hanan ◽

Alan Dorin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Computer Simulation ◽

Food Security ◽

European Countries ◽

Plant Interactions ◽

Plant Insect Interactions ◽

Native Habitat ◽

Insect Pollinators ◽

Insect Interactions

Food security and the sustainability of native ecosystems depends on plant-insect interactions in countless ways. Recently reported rapid and immense declines in insect numbers due to climate change, the use of pesticides and herbicides, the introduction of agricultural monocultures, and the destruction of insect native habitat, are all potential contributors to this grave situation. Some researchers are working towards a future where natural insect pollinators might be replaced with free-flying robotic bees, an ecologically problematic proposal. We argue instead that creating environments that are friendly to bees and exploring the use of other species for pollination and bio-control, particularly in non-European countries, are more ecologically sound approaches. The computer simulation of insect-plant interactions is a far more measured application of technology that may assist in managing, or averting, ‘Insect Armageddon' from both practical and ethical viewpoints.

Download Full-text