scholarly journals Sequence and structure comparison of ATP synthase F0 subunits 6 and 8 in notothenioid fish

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0245822
Author(s):  
Gunjan Katyal ◽  
Brad Ebanks ◽  
Magnus Lucassen ◽  
Chiara Papetti ◽  
Lisa Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Proton Transport ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
Structure Comparison ◽  
Subunit A ◽  
Structural Impact ◽  
Physiological Pathways

Mitochondrial changes such as tight coupling of the mitochondria have facilitated sustained oxygen and respiratory activity in haemoglobin-less icefish of the Channichthyidae family. We aimed to characterise features in the sequence and structure of the proteins directly involved in proton transport, which have potential physiological implications. ATP synthase subunit a (ATP6) and subunit 8 (ATP8) are proteins that function as part of the F0 component (proton pump) of the F0F1complex. Both proteins are encoded by the mitochondrial genome and involved in oxidative phosphorylation. To explore mitochondrial sequence variation for ATP6 and ATP8 we analysed sequences from C. gunnari and C. rastrospinosus and compared them with their closely related red-blooded species and eight other vertebrate species. Our comparison of the amino acid sequence of these proteins reveals important differences that could underlie aspects of the unique physiology of the icefish. In this study we find that changes in the sequence of subunit a of the icefish C. gunnari at position 35 where there is a hydrophobic alanine which is not seen in the other notothenioids we analysed. An amino acid change of this type is significant since it may have a structural impact. The biology of the haemoglobin-less icefish is necessarily unique and any insights about these animals will help to generate a better overall understanding of important physiological pathways.

scholarly journals Sequence and structure comparison of ATP synthase F0 subunits 6 and 8 in notothenioid fish.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Katyal ◽  
Brad Ebanks ◽  
Magnus Lucassen ◽  
Chiara Papetti ◽  
Lisa Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Proton Transport ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
Structure Comparison ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Unique Biology

AbstractThe Channichthyidae family (icefish) are the only known vertebrate species to be devoid of haemoglobin. Mitochondrial changes such as tight coupling of the mitochondria have facilitated sustained oxygen and respiratory activity in the fish. This makes it important to appreciate features in the sequence and structure of the proteins directly involved in proton transport, which could have physiological implications. ATP synthase subunit a (ATP6) and subunit 8 (ATP8) are proteins that function as part of the F0 component (proton pump) of the F0F1complex. Both are encoded by the mitochondrial genome and involved in oxidative phosphorylation. To explore mitochondrial sequence variation for ATP6 and ATP8 we have gathered sequences and predicted structures of these two proteins of fish from the Notothenioidei sub-order, a sub-Antarctic species. We compared these with seven other vertebrate species in order to reveal whether there might be physiologically important differences that can help us to understand the unique biology of the icefish.

scholarly journals Intragenic and intergenic suppression of the Escherichia coli ATP synthase subunit a mutation of Gly-213 to Asn: functional interactions between residues in the proton transport site

2000 ◽  
Vol 347 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip H. KUO ◽  
Robert K. NAKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Proton Transport ◽  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Transmembrane Helix ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Proton Pumping ◽  
Subunit A ◽  
Efficient Coupling

Subunit a of the ATP synthase Fo sector contains a transmembrane helix that interacts with subunit c and is critical for H+ transport activity. From a cysteine scan in the region around the essential subunit a residue, Arg-210, we found that the replacement of aGly-213 greatly attenuated ATP hydrolysis, ATP-dependent proton pumping and ∆μH+-dependent ATP synthesis. Various amino acid substitutions caused similar effects, suggesting that functional perturbations were caused by altering the environment or conformation of aArg-210. aG213N, which was particularly severe in effect, was suppressed by two second-site mutations, aL251V and cD61E. These mutations restored efficient coupling; the latter also increased ATP-dependent proton transport rates. These results were consistent with the proposed functional interaction between aArg-210 and cAsp-61, the likely carrier of the transported proton. From Arrhenius analysis of steady-state ATP hydrolytic activity, the transport mutants had large increases in the transition-state enthalpic and entropic parameters. Linear isokinetic relationships demonstrate that the transport mechanism is coupled to the rate-limiting catalytic transition-state step, which we have previously shown to involve the rotation of the γ subunit in multi-site, co-operative catalysis.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Repeats Cause Extraordinary Coding Sequence Variation in the Social Amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e46150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clea Scala ◽  
Xiangjun Tian ◽  
Natasha J. Mehdiabadi ◽  
Margaret H. Smith ◽  
Gerda Saxer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Social Amoeba ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Repeats ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Evidence for Selection at the fused1 Locus of Drosophila americana

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Vieira ◽  
Bryant F McAllister ◽  
Brian Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Amino Acid Replacement ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Haplotype Structure ◽  
Common Amino Acid ◽  
Chromosome Arrangement ◽  
Dna Sequence Variation

Abstract We analyze genetic variation at fused1, a locus that is close to the centromere of the X chromosome-autosome (X/4) fusion in Drosophila americana. In contrast to other X-linked and autosomal genes, for which a lack of population subdivision in D. americana has been observed at the DNA level, we find strong haplotype structure associated with the alternative chromosomal arrangements. There are several derived fixed differences at fused1 (including one amino acid replacement) between two haplotype classes of this locus. From these results, we obtain an estimate of an age of ∼0.61 million years for the origin of the two haplotypes of the fused1 gene. Haplotypes associated with the X/4 fusion have less DNA sequence variation at fused1 than haplotypes associated with the ancestral chromosome arrangement. The X/4 haplotypes also exhibit clinal variation for the allele frequencies of the three most common amino acid replacement polymorphisms, but not for adjacent silent polymorphisms. These patterns of variation are best explained as a result of selection acting on amino acid substitutions, with geographic variation in selection pressures.

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