scholarly journals Comparing the impact of an icon array versus a bar graph on preference and understanding of risk information: Results from an online, randomized study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253644
Author(s):  
Peter Scalia ◽  
Danielle C. Schubbe ◽  
Emily S. Lu ◽  
Marie-Anne Durand ◽  
Jorge Frascara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Graphical Display ◽  
Display Format ◽  
Literacy Proficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Major Stroke

Background Few studies have examined the best way to convey the probability of serious events occurring in the future (i.e., risk of stroke or death) to persons with low numeracy or graph literacy proficiency. To address this gap, we developed and user-tested a bar graph and compared it to icon arrays to assess its impact on understanding and preference for viewing risk information. Objectives To determine the: (i) formats’ impact on participants’ understanding of risk information; (ii) formats’ impact on understanding and format preference across numeracy and graph literacy subgroups; (iii) rationale supporting participants’ preference for each graphical display format. Methods An online sample (evenly made up of participants with high and low objective numeracy and graph literacy) was randomized to view either the icon array or the bar graph. Each format conveyed the risk of major stroke and death five years after choosing surgery, a stent, or medication to treat carotid artery stenosis. Participants answered questions to assess their understanding of the risk information. Lastly, both formats were presented in parallel, and participants were asked to identify their preferred format to view risk information and explain their preference. Results Of the 407 participants, 197 were assigned the icon array and 210 the bar graph. Understanding of risk information and format preference did not differ significantly between the two trial arms, irrespective of numeracy and graph literacy proficiency. High numeracy and graph literacy proficiency was associated with high understanding (p<0.01) and a preference for the bar graph (p = 0.01). Conclusion We found no evidence to demonstrate the superiority of one format over another on understanding. The majority of participants preferred viewing the risk information using the bar graph format.

scholarly journals Longitudinal effects of common carotid artery stenosis on ocular hemodynamics assessed using laser speckle flowgraphy in a rabbit model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishah Ismail ◽  
Hui Cheng Chen ◽  
Ibrahima Faye ◽  
Tong Boon Tang
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Real-time impairment of ocular blood flow (OBF) under common carotid artery stenosis (CCAS) has not been ascertained. We aimed to longitudinally assess the impact of CCAS on OBF using a rabbit model. About 75% stenosis was created by tying the common carotid artery with a plastic mandrel using a nylon suture. The plastic mandrel was gently removed, leaving a ligature. Neurological and behavioral assessments were recorded as the clinical indicator of stroke severity. With laser speckle flowgraphy, the pulse waveform parameters namely mean blur rate (MBR), blowout score (BOS), blowout time (BOT), rising rate, S1-area, falling rate (FR), S2-area, flow acceleration index (FAI), acceleration time index, resistive index (RI) and the difference between the maximum and minimum values of MBR (AC) were assessed in overall, vessel, and tissue regions of the optic nerve head (ONH). Longitudinally, BOS significantly increased until day 19 post-surgery, whereas FAI, RI, and AC significantly decreased. Beyond day 19, BOS, BOT, FR, FAI, RI, and AC significantly decreased. We defined two stages representing impaired vessel conditions, namely the vessel resistance phase, where BOS increases and FAI, RI, and AC decrease, and the vessel elasticity phase where BOS, BOT, FR, FAI, RI and AC decrease. These stages provide information about atherosclerosis, assessable non-invasively through the eye.

scholarly journals The impact of contralateral carotid artery stenosis on outcomes after carotid endarterectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1727-1734.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Pothof ◽  
Peter A. Soden ◽  
Margriet Fokkema ◽  
Sara L. Zettervall ◽  
Sarah E. Deery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Carotid Revascularization Improves Balance and Mobility, Particularly in Patients That Are Most Impaired

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 117-118
Author(s):  
Vicki Gray ◽  
Sarasijhaa Desikan ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
Dawn Barth ◽  
Siddhartha Sikdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Step Test ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Carotid Revascularization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Balance and mobility function worsen with age, and more so for those with underlying diseases. Our research has demonstrated that asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) is associated with worse balance and mobility, and a higher fall risk, compared to older adults with similar comorbidities, but without ACAS. Thus, ACAS, with attendant blood flow-restriction to the brain is a potentially modifiable risk factor for balance and mobility dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of restoring blood flow to the brain by carotid revascularization, on balance and mobility in patients with high-grade ACAS (≥70% diameter-reducing stenosis). Twenty adults (67.0±9.4 years) undergoing carotid revascularization for high-grade stenosis were enrolled. A balance and mobility assessment was performed before- and six weeks- after carotid revascularization and included: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Four Square Step Test (FSST), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) Timed Up and Go (TUG), gait speed, MiniBESTest, and Walk While Talk (WWT) test. Paired t-tests assessed changes in outcome measures between the two-time points. Significant improvements were observed in measures that combined walking with dynamic movements, DGI (P=0.003), and MiniBESTest (P=0.021). Pearson’s correlations examined the relationship between balance and mobility before surgery and change score after surgery. Patients with lower baseline DGI and MiniBest scores demonstrated the most improvement on follow-up testing (r=-0.70, p=0.001, and r=-0.59, p=0.006, respectively). In conclusion, revascularization of a carotid artery stenosis improves balance and mobility; the greatest improvements are observed in those patients that are the most impaired.

scholarly journals Percutaneous Angioplasty and Stenting of Carotid Artery: Study of 18 Cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
NAM Momenuzzaman ◽  
F Begam ◽  
KN Khan ◽  
A Dey ◽  
DK Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Carotid Angioplasty ◽  
Percutaneous Angioplasty ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Distal Protection ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting ◽  
Major Stroke

Background: Carotid angioplasty & stenting is becoming an emerging therapeutic option for carotid revascularization. The use of cerebral protection system has expanded the area of application of the procedure worldwide. Purpose: To assess the feasibility, success rate, safety as well as in-hospital & early 30 days outcome in patients undergoing percutaneous carotid intervention. Methods: A retrospective, observational study where a total of 18 (Eighteen) consecutive patients who presented with symptomatic and > 70 % carotid artery stenosis & asymptomatic but > 90% stenosis underwent percutaneous carotid intervention. All of them had coronary artery disease; CABG was done in 3 patients & PCI in 9 patients. Three of them had previous stroke (Ischemic) & 7 had TIA. Results: Technical and angiographic success was achieved in all patients. Carotid artery obstruction diminishes from 85 ± 14 % to 10 ± 5 % (p< .001). Mean lesion length was 12 ± 3 mm and mean time of carotid occlusion during balloon inflation was 10 ± 2.5 sec. distal protection devices used in all patents. No major stroke or death occurred during procedure. One patient developed No-flow because of obstruction of distal protection device which was managed by thrombosuction. One patient developed TIA. All patients were discharged from hospital after an average of 3 days & all of them were prescribed dual antiplatalet therapy for 6 months. During follow-up one patient died secondary to acute myocardial infarction and one patient developed major stroke. Conclusion: Percutaneous angioplasty and stenting associated with distal protective devices appear feasible, effective and almost safe endovascular treatment modality for carotid artery stenosis. Key words: Carotid artery disease; Carotid angioplasty DOI: 10.3329/cardio.v2i2.6644Cardiovasc. j. 2010; 2(2) : 218-222

The Impact of Carotid Artery Stenting on Cognitive Function in Patients with Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine N. Antonopoulos ◽  
John D. Kakisis ◽  
George S. Sfyroeras ◽  
Konstantinos G. Moulakakis ◽  
Aristides Kallinis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Extracranial Carotid Artery ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of First Stroke in Patients With Previously Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. e18
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Pini ◽  
Gianluca Faggioli ◽  
Andrea Vacirca ◽  
Chiara Mascoli ◽  
Enrico Gallitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract 3346: Design of Multi-center, Randomized, Open-label, Blind-endpoint Trial Comparing Effects of Cilostazol versus Other Anti-platelet Drugs for the In-stent Restenosis after Carotid Artery Stenting : The Carotid Artery Stenting with Cilostazol Addition for Restenosis (CAS-CARE) Trial

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yamagami ◽  
Nobuyuki Sakai ◽  
Kuniaki Ogasawara ◽  
Izumi Nagata ◽  
Yuji Matsumaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Stent Restenosis

Background and Purpose: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is increasingly used to treat high-grade carotid stenosis, but the impact of medication on carotid in-stent restenosis (ISR) has not been shown. The present study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of cilostazol on ISR, compared to that of other antiplatelet drugs, in patients scheduled to undergo CAS. Methods: The Carotid Artery Stenting with Cilostazol Addition for Restenosis (CAS-CARE) trial is a multi-center, prospective, randomized, open-label, blind-endpoint trial, designed to compare the efficacy of cilostazol versus other anti-platelet therapy on ISR after CAS. Main inclusion criteria are patients with diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis, scheduled for carotid artery stenting within 30 days of enrolment, and aged at 45 - 80 years at time of consent. Patients who suffered an ischemic stroke within 48 hours prior to enrolment or those with aortic arch syndrome, vasculitis, or collagen disease will be excluded from the study. Diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis is based on angiography (NASCET stenosis ratio > 50% for symptomatic lesion or > 80% for asymptomatic lesion), or carotid ultrasound (peak systolic velocity > 130cm/sec for symptomatic lesion or > 230cm/sec for asymptomatic lesion). Nine hundred patients will be randomized into 2 groups: the first group will receive cilostazol from at least 3 days before CAS and continue for 2 years. The second group will never receive cilostazol during the same period. Use of other antiplatelet agents and concomitant drugs is unrestricted in each group. The allocation adjusting factors are presence or absence of symptoms, presence or absence of diabetes mellitus, type of stent scheduled to be used (open cell vs. closed cell), and test center. Follow-up carotid ultrasound will be examined at 6, 12 and 24 months after CAS, and carotid restenosis ≥50% is diagnosed using velocity criteria. The primary outcome is occurrence of in-stent restenosis within 2 years after CAS and time to occurrence. Secondary outcomes include 1) occurrence of in-stent restenosis, new out-stent stenosis, or re-treatment, 2) occurrence of cardiovascular event or death from any cause, 3) occurrence of a hemorrhagic event, and 4) a composite endpoint of them. Conclusion: CAS-CARE will determine whether cilostazol can prevent restenosis after carotid artery stenting with an acceptable risk profile.

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