scholarly journals Interactive effects of light, CO2 and temperature on growth and resource partitioning by the mixotrophic dinoflagellate, Karlodinium veneficum

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0259161
Author(s):  
Kathryn J. Coyne ◽  
Lauren R. Salvitti ◽  
Alicia M. Mangum ◽  
Gulnihal Ozbay ◽  
Christopher R. Main ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Karlodinium Veneficum ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

There is little information on the impacts of climate change on resource partitioning for mixotrophic phytoplankton. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that light interacts with temperature and CO2 to affect changes in growth and cellular carbon and nitrogen content of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate, Karlodinium veneficum, with increasing cellular carbon and nitrogen content under low light conditions and increased growth under high light conditions. Using a multifactorial design, the interactive effects of light, temperature and CO2 were investigated on K. veneficum at ambient temperature and CO2 levels (25°C, 375 ppm), high temperature (30°C, 375 ppm CO2), high CO2 (30°C, 750 ppm CO2), or a combination of both high temperature and CO2 (30°C, 750 ppm CO2) at low light intensities (LL: 70 μmol photons m-2 s-2) and light-saturated conditions (HL: 140 μmol photons m-2 s-2). Results revealed significant interactions between light and temperature for all parameters. Growth rates were not significantly different among LL treatments, but increased significantly with temperature or a combination of elevated temperature and CO2 under HL compared to ambient conditions. Particulate carbon and nitrogen content increased in response to temperature or a combination of elevated temperature and CO2 under LL conditions, but significantly decreased in HL cultures exposed to elevated temperature and/or CO2 compared to ambient conditions at HL. Significant increases in C:N ratios were observed only in the combined treatment under LL, suggesting a synergistic effect of temperature and CO2 on carbon assimilation, while increases in C:N under HL were driven only by an increase in CO2. Results indicate light-driven variations in growth and nutrient acquisition strategies for K. veneficum that may benefit this species under anticipated climate change conditions (elevated light, temperature and pCO2) while also affecting trophic transfer efficiency during blooms of this species.

scholarly journals Role of carbon and nitrogen in the improvement of corrosion resistance of new powder metallurgy Co-Cr-Mo alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Garcia-Cabezon ◽  
Celia Garcia-Hernandez ◽  
Maria L. Rodriguez-Mendez ◽  
Gemma Herranz ◽  
Fernando Martin-Pedrosa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Technique ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content ◽  
Astm F75

AbstractMicrostructural changes that result in relevant improvements in mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior can be induced using different sintering conditions of ASTM F75 cobalt alloys during their processing using powder metallurgy technique. It has been observed that the increase in carbon and nitrogen content improves corrosion resistance and mechanical properties as long as the precipitation of carbides and nitrides is avoided, thanks to the use of rapid cooling in water after the sintering stage. In addition, the reduction of the particle size of the powder improves hardness and resistance to corrosion in both acid medium with chlorides and phosphate-buffered medium that simulates the physiological conditions for its use as a biomaterial. These results lead to increased knowledge of the role of carbon and nitrogen content in the behavior displayed by the different alloys studied.

Carbon and Nitrogen Scope for Growth as A Function of Diet in the Sea Scallop Placopecten Magellanicus

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Grant ◽  
Peter J. Cranford
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Placopecten Magellanicus ◽  
Scope For Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Sea Scallop ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

Laboratory feeding experiments with the sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus were carried out to compare scope for growth (SFG) to measured growth and determine the effect of diet on carbon and nitrogen SFG. Diets consisting of cultured phytoplankton, kelp detritus, and resuspended sediment were provided daily for 52 days (October-December). Measurements of clearance rate, absorption efficiency, respiration, O/N ratio, and carbon and nitrogen content of diets and scallop tissue were used to construct carbon and nitrogenbudgets for each diet. Growth coefficients were calculated from change in tissue weight during the study period.

Carbon and nitrogen content based estimation of the fat content of animal carcasses in various species

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kuhla ◽  
Monika Klein ◽  
Ulla Renne ◽  
W Jentsch ◽  
PE Rudolph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

scholarly journals Methane formation and consumption by sediments in a cross-channel profile of a small river impoundment

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Bednařík ◽  
Martin Blaser ◽  
Martin Rulik
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content ◽  
Surface Sediment Layer

Rivers are a natural source of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere and may contribute significantly to total CH4 emissions. Even though the details of sources of CH4 in rivers are not fully understood, weirs have been recognized as a hotspot of CH4 emissions. In this study, we investigated CH4 production and consumption in air-exposed river sediments along a cross-channel transect located upstream of a weir. Stable carbon isotopes were used for determination of individual methanogenic pathways. In order to understand the relationship between physicochemical and biological processes, additional parameters such as organic matter, grain median size, and carbon and nitrogen content were characterized as well. Generally, samples from the surface sediment layer (0-10 cm) had higher CH4 production than sediments from the deeper layer (10-20 cm) during the incubation experiments. Sediments near the bank zones and in the mid-channel were characterized by the highest organic carbon content (6.9 %) as well the highest methanogenic activity (2.5 mmol g-1 DW d-1). The CH4 production was predominated by H2/CO2 dependent methanogenesis in the surface sediment layer (0-10 cm), while the proportion of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the deeper sediment layer (10-20 cm) was balanced. The CH4 oxidation potential of sediments showed the same spatial pattern as observed for the CH4 production. Our results showed high spatial variability of sediment CH4 production and oxidation in the cross-channel profile upstream of the weir, whereas the highest CH4 dynamics were observed in the littoral zones. This variability was closely linked with the carbon and nitrogen content in the sediment samples.

Soil Aggregates and their Associated Carbon and Nitrogen Content in Winter Annual Pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1339-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Anders ◽  
P. A. Beck ◽  
B. K. Watkins ◽  
S. A. Gunter ◽  
K. S. Lusby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content
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