Atomic Force Microscopy in Renal Physiology

Renal Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Robert M. Henderson
2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (5) ◽  
pp. F689-F701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Henderson ◽  
Hans Oberleithner

Renal physiologists focus on events that take place on and around the surfaces of cells. Various techniques have been developed that follow transport functions at the molecular level, but until recently none of these techniques has been capable of making the behavior of molecular structures visible under physiological conditions. This apparent gap may be filled in the future by the application of atomic force microscopy. This technique produces an image not by optical means, but by “feeling” its way across a surface. Atomic force microscopy can, however, be modified in a number of ways, which means that besides producing a high-resolution image, it is possible to obtain several types of data on the interactions between the ultrastructural components of cell membranes (such as proteins) and other biologically active molecules (such as ATP). In this review we describe the recent use of the atomic force microscope in renal physiology, ranging from experiments in intact cells to those in isolated renal transport protein molecules, include examples of these extended applications of the technique, and point to uses that the microscope has recently found in other areas of biology that should prove fruitful in renal physiology in the near future.


2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Eugene Sprague ◽  
Julio C. Palmaz ◽  
Cristina Simon ◽  
Aaron Watson

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Kitta

This manuscript propose the operando detection technique of the physical properties change of electrolyte during Li-metal battery operation.The physical properties of electrolyte solution such as viscosity (η) and mass densities (ρ) highly affect the feature of electrochemical Li-metal deposition on the Li-metal electrode surface. Therefore, the operando technique for detection these properties change near the electrode surface is highly needed to investigate the true reaction of Li-metal electrode. Here, this study proved that one of the atomic force microscopy based analysis, energy dissipation analysis of cantilever during force curve motion, was really promising for the direct investigation of that. The solution drag of electrolyte, which is controlled by the physical properties, is directly concern the energy dissipation of cantilever motion. In the experiment, increasing the energy dissipation was really observed during the Li-metal dissolution (discharge) reaction, understanding as the increment of η and ρ of electrolyte via increasing of Li-ion concentration. Further, the dissipation energy change was well synchronized to the charge-discharge reaction of Li-metal electrode.This study is the first report for direct observation of the physical properties change of electrolyte on Li-metal electrode reaction, and proposed technique should be widely interesting to the basic interfacial electrochemistry, fundamental researches of solid-liquid interface, as well as the battery researches.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. A. Gabriele ◽  
Craig J. Williams ◽  
Douglas Stauffer ◽  
Brian Derby ◽  
Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza

<div> <div> <div> <p>Single crystals of aspirin form I were cleaved and indented on their dominant face. Upon inspection, it was possible to observe strongly anisotropic shallow lateral cracks due to the extreme low surface roughness after cleavage. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging showed spalling fractures nucleating from the indent corners, forming terraces with a height of one or two interplanar spacings d100. The formation of such spalling fractures in aspirin was rationalised using basic calculations of attachment energies, showing how (100) layers are poorly bonded when compared to their relatively higher intralayer bonding. An attempt at explaining the preferential propagation of these fractures along the [010] direction is discussed. </p> </div> </div> </div>


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