scholarly journals Cytogenetics and Biology of the Intermediate Host of Human Bilharziasis, Bulinus truncatus Common in Upper Egypt.

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Ahmed E. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
Upper Egypt

scholarly journals High prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in a desert population: results from an exploratory study around the Ounianga lakes in Chad

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendelin Moser ◽  
Annour Adoum Batil ◽  
Rebekka Ott ◽  
Moussa Abderamane ◽  
Ruth Clements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sahara Desert ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
Contact Sites ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Trematode Parasites

Abstract Background Researching a water-borne disease in the middle of the Sahara desert might not seem the most relevant concern. However, nomadic Sahelian pastoralists health concerns regarding their livestock and anecdotal reports about trematode infections of Fasciola spp. and Schistosoma spp. in desert-raised animals justified an exploratory study focusing on the lakes of Ounianga in Northern Chad. The aim was to test whether trematode parasites such as Schistosoma spp. occur in human populations living around the Sahara desert lakes of Ounianga Kebir and Ounianga Serir in northern Chad. Methods The study was carried out in January 2019 and comprised of three components. First, a cross sectional survey based on a random sample drawn from the population to detect infections with S. haematobium and S. mansoni; second, focus group discussions exploring disease priorities, access to health and health seeking behaviour; and third, surveying water contact sites for intermediate host snails. Samples of trematode parasites and snails were confirmed on species level by molecular genetic methods. For parasitological and malacological surveys descriptive statistics were performed. Qualitative data analysis included the full review of all transcripts, followed by a descriptive and explorative thematic analysis. Results Among 258 participants, the overall S. haematobium prevalence using urine filtration was 39.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 33.5–45.1%], with 51.5% of the infected suffering from heavy infection. The intermediate host snail of S. haematobium (Bulinus truncatus) occurred at water contact sites near both study villages, revealing the potential for local transmission. Although a positive S. mansoni point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test result was obtained from 8.6% (95% CI 5.7–12.8%) of the samples, no intermediate host snails of S. mansoni were found, and the relevance of S. mansoni remains uncertain. Qualitative findings underline the importance of morbidity caused by urinary schistosomiasis, and the lack of access to diagnostics and treatment as a major health concern. Conclusions This research revealed a high prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the population living around the lakes of Ounianga in the Sahara, a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage site in Chad. Despite the high public health importance of the associated morbidity expressed by the population, there is no access to diagnostics and treatment. Further work is needed to develop and test a context-adapted intervention. Graphical Abstract

Intraspecific variation inSchistosoma haematobiumfrom Algeria

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kechemir ◽  
A. Théron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Intraspecific Polymorphism ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
Bioclimatic Zone ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Cercarial Emergence

AbstractA comparative analysis has been carried out between two populations ofSchistosoma haematobiumusing the same intermediate snail host,Bulinus truncatus, but originating from two distinct ecological areas of Algeria: Khemis-El-Khechna in a sub-humid mediterranean zone and Djanet in a saharan bioclimatic zone. Four parameters have been studied: the growth rate of adult worms, size and shape of the eggs, chronobiology of cercarial emergence and the compatibility with the intermediate host. Results showing divergences for all the characters studied are discussed for the origin of this intraspecific polymorphism ofS. haematobiumin Algeria.

scholarly journals New location for Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium and its distribution in the Iberian Peninsula

Graellsia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. e030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elías D. Dana ◽  
Juan García-de-Lomas ◽  
José L. Juan Bañón ◽  
Encarnación Esteban ◽  
María A. A. Grácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
New Location

scholarly journals The spatial and seasonal distribution of Bulinus truncatus, Bulinus forskalii and Biomphalaria pfeifferi, the intermediate host snails of schistosomiasis, in N’Djamena, Chad

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendelin Moser ◽  
Helena Greter ◽  
Christian Schindler ◽  
Fiona Allan ◽  
Bongo N. R. Ngandolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Biomphalaria Pfeifferi ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus

scholarly journals Freshwater snails of biomedical importance in the Niger River Valley: evidence of temporal and spatial patterns in abundance, distribution and infection with Schistosoma spp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Rabone ◽  
Joris Hendrik Wiethase ◽  
Fiona Allan ◽  
Anouk Nathalie Gouvras ◽  
Tom Pennance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Niger River

Abstract Background Sound knowledge of the abundance and distribution of intermediate host snails is key to understanding schistosomiasis transmission and to inform effective interventions in endemic areas. Methods A longitudinal field survey of freshwater snails of biomedical importance was undertaken in the Niger River Valley (NRV) between July 2011 and January 2016, targeting Bulinus spp. and Biomphalaria pfeifferi (intermediate hosts of Schistosoma spp.), and Radix natalensis (intermediate host of Fasciola spp.). Monthly snail collections were carried out in 92 sites, near 20 localities endemic for S. haematobium. All bulinids and Bi. pfeifferi were inspected for infection with Schistosoma spp., and R. natalensis for infection with Fasciola spp. Results Bulinus truncatus was the most abundant species found, followed by Bulinus forskalii, R. natalensis and Bi. pfeifferi. High abundance was associated with irrigation canals for all species with highest numbers of Bulinus spp. and R. natalensis. Seasonality in abundance was statistically significant in all species, with greater numbers associated with dry season months in the first half of the year. Both B. truncatus and R. natalensis showed a negative association with some wet season months, particularly August. Prevalences of Schistosoma spp. within snails across the entire study were as follows: Bi. pfeifferi: 3.45% (79/2290); B. truncatus: 0.8% (342/42,500); and B. forskalii: 0.2% (24/11,989). No R. natalensis (n = 2530) were infected. Seasonality of infection was evident for B. truncatus, with highest proportions shedding in the middle of the dry season and lowest in the rainy season, and month being a significant predictor of infection. Bulinus spp. and Bi. pfeifferi showed a significant correlation of snail abundance with the number of snails shedding. In B. truncatus, both prevalence of Schistosoma spp. infection, and abundance of shedding snails were significantly higher in pond habitats than in irrigation canals. Conclusions Evidence of seasonality in both overall snail abundance and infection with Schistosoma spp. in B. truncatus, the main intermediate host in the region, has significant implications for monitoring and interrupting transmission of Schistosoma spp. in the NRV. Monthly longitudinal surveys, representing intensive sampling effort have provided the resolution needed to ascertain both temporal and spatial trends in this study. These data can inform planning of interventions and treatment within the region.

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