Novel Artificial Intelligence-based Technology for Chest Computed Tomography Analysis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) occasionally experience acute exacerbations after surgery for lung cancer. Several recent studies have revealed a prophylactic effect of perioperative pirfenidone treatment on postoperative acute exacerbations of IPF in patients with lung cancer. A 75-year-old woman consulted with her pulmonologist because of an IPF shadow detected by follow-up chest computed tomography 2 months after surgical treatment of biliary cancer. Another 7 months later, chest computed tomography showed a 23- × 14-mm nodule located in the right lower lobe with high accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose detected by positron emission tomography, resulting in a radiological diagnosis of primary lung cancer with IPF. We administered perioperative pirfenidone treatment followed by right lower lobectomy using uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery after attaining a pathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. The patient developed no acute exacerbations of IPF during the postoperative period, and she had no recurrence of lung cancer for 15 months after surgery. We successfully used a combination of perioperative antifibrotic medication and minimally invasive surgery after lung cancer surgery in a patient with IPF.

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Automated Computed Tomography analysis in the assessment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis severity and progression

European Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108852 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 124 ◽

pp. 108852 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chiara Romei ◽

Laura M. Tavanti ◽

Alessandro Taliani ◽

Annalisa De Liperi ◽

Ronald Karwoski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Tomography Analysis

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A Volumetric Computed Tomography Analysis of the Normal Lung in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The Relationship with the Survival

Internal Medicine ◽

10.2169/internalmedicine.9508-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 929-937 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hirotsugu Ohkubo ◽

Hiroyuki Taniguchi ◽

Yasuhiro Kondoh ◽

Mitsuaki Yagi ◽

Taiki Furukawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Normal Lung ◽

The Relationship ◽

Tomography Analysis

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Predicting Outcome in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Automated Computed Tomography Analysis

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1164/rccm.201804-0657ed ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 198 (6) ◽

pp. 701-702

Author(s):

Jonathan G. Goldin

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Predicting Outcome ◽

Tomography Analysis

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis diagnosed concomitantly with diffuse squamous cell lung cancer on surgical lung biopsy: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-03177-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. Niel ◽

C. Ricordel ◽

T. Guy ◽

M. Kerjouan ◽

B. De Latour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a poor prognosis and has been associated with increased lung cancer incidence. Case presentation We report the case of a Caucasian 75-year-old woman, a former smoker, hospitalized for breathlessness with a chest computed tomography scan showing an interstitial lung disease. A surgical lung biopsy was performed, confirming a pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia but also numerous disseminated foci of well-differentiated focally invasive squamous cell carcinoma without hypermetabolic lung nodule, mass, or enlarged lymph node visualized on chest computed tomography or positron emission tomography scan. Nintedanib was started for its antifibrotic and antitumor properties, without any other antineoplastic treatment. Three years after initiation of nintedanib, clinical, functional, and computed tomography scan evaluations were stable, and there was no evidence for evolution of the squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions Data are scarce regarding the benefit of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-associated lung cancer, and it is unclear whether nintedanib could have a preventive role in lung carcinogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. This experience could help the scientific community in case of similar incidental findings.

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