Jüdische Haarhändler – Die Geschichte eines in Vergessenheit geratenen Gewerbes

Aschkenas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
Robert Jütte
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
General Transformation ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Abstract Studies in cultural, religious and social history reveal that hair has diverse socio-religious and symbolic value in Jewish society and tradition. The focus of previous studies has, however, lied on issues such as specific hairstyle or the halakhic justifications for religious wig-wearing The present paper sets out to illuminate a related yet uncharted topic: the social and economic history of the wig trade in which Jews played an important role. The focus is on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period marked by great tensions within the Jewish community. It was these tensions that turned the question of wig-wearing and the dynamics of supply into an issue that reflected the general transformation that Jewish society was undergoing in this period. Hair fashion is, of course, not necessarily a matter of only halakhic interest, and indeed the history of the trade with human hair also reveals new aspects of the economic history of Jews.

The Conditions in Jewish Society in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Middle Decades of the Eighteenth Century

1996 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Gershon David Hundert
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Generational Conflict ◽  
East European ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This chapter investigates the conditions in Jewish society in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the middle decades of the eighteenth century. The place of hasidism in the religious history of the eighteenth century ought to be reconsidered not only in light of the questions about the schismatic groups in the Orthodox Church raised by Ysander, but also in light of the general revivalist currents in western Europe. The social historian cannot explain hasidism, which belongs to the context of the development of the east European religious mentality in the eighteenth century. Social history does, however, point to some significant questions that ought to be explored further. One of these is the role of youth and generational conflict in the beginnings of the movement, and not only in its beginnings. A realistic recovery of the situation of the Polish-Lithuanian Jewry in the eighteenth century shows that neither the economic nor the security conditions were such as to warrant their use as causal or explanatory factors in the rise and reception of hasidism.

Social History in Serbia: The Association for Social History

2008 ◽  
Vol 34-35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 369-381
Author(s):  
Radina Vučetić ◽  
Olga Manojlović Pintar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The University

This review essay provides a brief overview of the research and publication activity of the Udruženje za društvenu istoriju/Association for Social History, an innovative scholarly organization established in 1998 in Belgrade, Serbia. The association promotes research on social history in modern South-Eastern Europe, with a focus on former Yugoslavia, and publishes scientific works and historical documents. The driving force behind the activity of the association is a group of young social historians gathered around Professor Andrej Mitrović, at the University of Belgrade. Prof. Mitrović’s work on the “social history of culture” has provided a scholarly framework for a variety of new works dealing with issues of modernization, history of elites, history of ideas, and the diffuse relationship between history and memory. Special attention is given to the Association’s journal, Godišnjak za društvenu istoriju/Annual for Social History, which published studies on economic history, social groups, gender issue, cultural history, modernization, and the history of everyday life in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Methodologically routed in social history, these research projects are interdisciplinary, being a joint endeavor of sociologists, art historians, and scholars of visual culture.

AGRICULTURAL HISTORY, RURAL HISTORY, OR COUNTRYSIDE HISTORY?

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEREMY BURCHARDT
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Rural History ◽  
New School ◽  
Agricultural Revolution ◽  
History Of Agriculture ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Countryside ◽  
Rural England

This article assesses the state of modern English rural history. It identifies an ‘orthodox’ school, focused on the economic history of agriculture. This has made impressive progress in quantifying and explaining the output and productivity achievements of English farming since the ‘agricultural revolution’. Its celebratory account was, from the outset, challenged by a dissident tradition emphasizing the social costs of agricultural progress, notably enclosure. Recently a new school, associated with the journal Rural History, has broken away from this narrative of agricultural change, elaborating a wider social history. The work of Alun Howkins, the pivotal figure in the recent historiography, is located in relation to these three traditions. It is argued that Howkins, like his precursors, is constrained by an increasingly anachronistic equation of the countryside with agriculture. The concept of a ‘post-productivist’ countryside, dominated by consumption and representation, has been developed by geographers and sociologists and may have something to offer historians here, in conjunction with the well-established historiography of the ‘rural idyll’. The article concludes with a call for a new countryside history, giving full weight to the cultural and representational aspects that have done so much to shape twentieth-century rural England. Only in this way will it be possible to move beyond a history of the countryside that is merely the history of agriculture writ large.

Jewish Women’s History: First Steps and a False Start—the Case of Jacob Katz

2007 ◽  
pp. 168-181
Author(s):  
Moshe Rosman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
False Start ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

This chapter discusses Jacob Katz, the social historian of the mid-twentieth century. He originated some principles, methods, and concepts that have become critical in pursuing the history of Jewish women and in writing gender-conscious historiography. In discussions about Katz's contribution to the study of the history of the early modern Jewish community, it is standard to emphasize his methodological innovation. In his earlier works Katz applied the methods of ‘social history’ to his research and writing about Jewish history. According to Katz, ‘social history’ had a different aim. It used the tools of sociology, but did so in order to understand the development of a particular historical society over time — that is, through history. Katz was not interested in extrapolating universal laws.

Earthly Necessities: Economic Lives in Early Modern Britain. By Keith Wrightson. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. xii, 372. $35.00.

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1124-1125
Author(s):  
Craig Muldrew
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Britain ◽  
English Society ◽  
History Of

For almost 20 years now, Professor Wrightson's book English Society 1580–1680 (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1982) has probably been the most widely used text to introduce the social history of England in this period. But at the same time it is much more than this, in that it presents a powerful argument about change in religious belief, education, social hegemony, and concepts of order, all of which has provoked much scholarly debate. Now Wrightson has produced a volume on the economic history of Britain in the longer period from 1470–1750, which deserves to become as central and as widely read. Its arrival is doubly welcome because, since Christopher Clay's Economic Expansion and Social Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984) went out of print some time ago, there has been no current text covering the economic history of early modern England or Britain. In part this unfortunate situation has reflected declining student interest, as economic history became identified with econometrics. But this lucid and engaging work should revive interest in a vitally important subject. As its title indicates, this is economic history with a human face, in which the main focus of analysis is always the social context and meaning of economic change to those whom it affected.

Studies in the Social and Economic History of Ostia: Part I

1935 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 41-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Serious excavation of the archaeological remains of Ostia really began only in the early years of the present century. Spasmodic work upon the site was, it is true, undertaken during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but the earliest excavators, De Norogna, Volpato, La Piccola, Hamilton and Fagan, were little more than treasure-hunters, more intent upon gaining possession of some artistic masterpiece than upon elucidating the problems of the past. Even the distinguished archaeologists of the nineteenth century, Visconti, Lanciani and Gatti, worked at Ostia only spasmodically, and often failed to publish adequate accounts of their discoveries. Nor were serious attempts made to protect from the ravages ofrainand frost the buildings unearthed.

Edward Miller 1915–2000

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA HARVEY ◽  
PETER LINEHAN
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
The Social ◽  
Separate Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
To Receive

Edward Miller's deep understanding of the history of Europe, together with meticulous scholarship and an equable temperament, made him an ideal editor of wide-ranging works with many different contributors to keep on the rails. His interests as a scholar centred, however, on the social and economic history of medieval England. As discussion of these themes gathered momentum in the 1950s and 1960s, and social history acquired the quantitative dimension that economic history already possessed, they tended increasingly to receive separate treatment. Miller always regarded them as inseparable and believed that neither could be understood apart from a legal and constitutional context.

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