scholarly journals Synchronized presentation of a language task to the electrical stimulation of cortical regions during speech mapping in an awake surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 547-550
Author(s):  
Laura Hansmeyer ◽  
Thilo B. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Image Display ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Trigger Signal ◽  
Speech Mapping ◽  
Picture Presentation ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractIntraoperative speech mapping is performed to preserve language function during tumour resections that involve eloquent cortical areas. For this technique the synchronization of the picture presentation to the patient with the electrical stimulation of the cortex is of major importance. During the operative routine images are manually presented by a psychologist or neurologist to the patient and have to be coordinated with the neurosurgeon stimulating the cortex by a neurostimulator, operated by an engineer. To increase the efficiency of this procedure and to minimize the time needed to localize functional cortical areas, images should appear automatically with electrical stimulation. To achieve this synchronization, the potential combination of an existing neurostimulator with commercially available software for image display was studied. A trigger signal was created to induce the presentation of a series of line drawings showing different objects. The software to control the neurostimulator and the software for image displaying were installed on two different computers. A cable was developed to transfer the trigger signal from the neurostimulator to the computer used for picture presentation. It was shown that it is possible to induce the image display via the neurostimulator using square-wave pulses of 5 V and a width of 10 ms. Thus, we present a system that enables the automated picture presentation synchronized to the electrical stimulation of cortical regions.

Imaging of activated cortical areas after light and electrical stimulation of the rabbit retina: F-18 FDG PET-guided brain mapping

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Joon Woo ◽  
Su Jin Kim ◽  
Jing Ai Zhou ◽  
Eui Tae Kim ◽  
Jong-Mo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Functional Spectroscopy Mapping of Pain Processing Cortical Areas during Non-Painful Peripheral Electrical Stimulation of the Accessory Spinal Nerve

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janete Shatkoski Bandeira ◽  
Luciana da Conceição Antunes ◽  
Matheus Dorigatti Soldatelli ◽  
João Ricardo Sato ◽  
Felipe Fregni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Pain Processing ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Peripheral Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Direct Electrical Stimulation of Premotor Areas: Different Effects on Hand Muscle Activity during Object Manipulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Fornia ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Marco Rabuffetti ◽  
Antonella Leonetti ◽  
Guglielmo Puglisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Object Manipulation ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Task Execution ◽  
Hand Muscles ◽  
Premotor Areas ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Dorsal and ventral premotor (dPM and vPM) areas are crucial in control of hand muscles during object manipulation, although their respective role in humans is still debated. In patients undergoing awake surgery for brain tumors, we studied the effect of direct electrical stimulation (DES) of the premotor cortex on the execution of a hand manipulation task (HMt). A quantitative analysis of the activity of extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles recorded during and in absence of DES was performed. Results showed that DES applied to premotor areas significantly impaired HMt execution, affecting task-related muscle activity with specific features related to the stimulated area. Stimulation of dorsal vPM induced both a complete task arrest and clumsy task execution, characterized by general muscle suppression. Stimulation of ventrocaudal dPM evoked a complete task arrest mainly due to a dysfunctional recruitment of hand muscles engaged in task execution. These results suggest that vPM and dPM contribute differently to the control of hand muscles during object manipulation. Stimulation of both areas showed a significant impact on motor output, although the different effects suggest a stronger relationship of dPM with the corticomotoneuronal circuit promoting muscle recruitment and a role for vPM in supporting sensorimotor integration.

Transient hypoxemia induced by cortical electrical stimulation

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (22) ◽  
pp. e2323-e2336
Author(s):  
Marine Loizon ◽  
Philippe Ryvlin ◽  
Benoit Chatard ◽  
Julien Jung ◽  
Romain Bouet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Limbic Structures ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
Cortical Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Stimulation Of

ObjectiveTo identify which cortical regions are associated with direct electrical stimulation (DES)–induced alteration of breathing significant enough to impair pulse oximetry (SpO2).MethodsEvolution of SpO2 after 1,352 DES was analyzed in 75 patients with refractory focal epilepsy who underwent stereo-EEG recordings. For each DES, we assessed the change in SpO2 from 30 seconds prior to DES onset to 120 seconds following the end of the DES. The primary outcome was occurrence of stimulation-induced transient hypoxemia as defined by decrease of SpO2 ≥5% within 60 seconds after stimulation onset as compared to pre-DES SpO2 or SpO2 nadir <90% during at least 5 seconds. Localization of the stimulated contacts was defined according to MarsAtlas brain parcellation and Freesurfer segmentation.ResultsA stimulation-induced transient hypoxemia was observed after 16 DES (1.2%) in 10 patients (13%), including 6 in whom SpO2 nadir was <90%. Among these 16 DES, 7 (44%) were localized within the perisylvian cortex. After correction for individual effects and the varying number of DES contributed by each person, significant decrease of SpO2 was significantly associated with the localization of DES (p = 0.019).ConclusionThough rare, a significant decrease of SpO2 could be elicited by cortical direct electrical stimulation outside the temporo-limbic structures, most commonly after stimulation of the perisylvian cortex.

Modality specificity of neuronal responses within the cat's insula

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Hicks ◽  
G. Benedek ◽  
G. A. Thurlow
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Light Pressure ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Electrophysiological recordings of single-unit responses, multiunit responses, and electrically evoked field potentials have been made using carbon fiber-containing micropipettes in cats anesthetized with barbiturate and immobilized with gallamine triethiodide. Recording sites sampled cortical regions throughout the insula, including zones more ventrally situated and more rostral and caudal than those described in the preceding, companion paper. One-hundred eleven cells in total were tested with a battery of different types of stimuli. 2. Stimuli were divided into two classes, according to either the intensity of the stimulus or its form. These are called physiological forms, or levels of stimulation, and nonphysiological forms or levels. The nonphysiological forms of stimuli for visual, somatosensory, and auditory modalities consisted of (for visual stimuli): 1) electrical stimulation of the optic nerve or 2) bright flashes light at 100% contrast; for somatosensory, electrical stimulation of the radial nerve by implanted cuff electrodes; and for auditory, stimulation with bursts of white noise generated at high intensities (80-100 dB) or with a loud click stimulus. Physiologically relevant levels of stimuli for these same modalities were: moving bars of light projected onto a tangent screen in front of the animal (visual); light cutaneous deformation, hair displacement, and light pressure delivered to various regions on the surface of the cat's body with hand-held probes, or delivered manually (somatosensory); and white noise generated at low intensities (ca. 40 dB) (auditory). 3. Cells situated in dorsal insular regions responded to visual stimuli when levels of sensory activation were employed using natural means, within normal, physiologically relevant limits. Responses to auditory or somatosensory stimulation were observed in this region only when very intense forms of "natural" stimulation, or when electrical stimulation (nonphysiologically relevant levels of stimulation) was delivered. In this latter case, the same cells in several instances could be made to appear polymodally responsive. With cells situated in ventral insular regions, some polymodal responses to physiologically relevant levels of stimulation were noted, although it was considerably more common to obtain unimodal responses. Nonphysiological levels of activation yielded evidence for a polymodal convergence onto the greater proportion of cells recorded. 4. Field potential recordings with microelectrodes revealed widely overlapping representations of all modalities in both dorsal and ventral regions of the insula, irrespective of the sensitivity displayed by the local neuronal r

scholarly journals Executive functional deficits during electrical stimulation of the right frontal aslant tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geert-Jan M. Rutten ◽  
Maud J. F. Landers ◽  
Wouter De Baene ◽  
Tessa Meijerink ◽  
Stephanie van der Hek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Frontal Aslant Tract ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractDirect electrical stimulation mapping was used to map executive functions during awake surgery of a patient with a right frontal low-grade glioma. We specifically targeted the frontal aslant tract, as this pathway had been infiltrated by the tumor. The right frontal aslant tract has been implicated in executive functions in the neuroscientific literature, but is yet of unknown relevance for clinical practice. Guided by tractography, electrical stimulation of the frontal aslant tract disrupted working memory and inhibitory functions. In this report we illustrate the dilemmas that neurosurgeons face when balancing maximal tumor resection against optimal cognitive performance. In particular, we emphasize that intraoperative tasks that target cognitive functions should be carefully introduced in clinical practice to prevent clinically irrelevant responses and too early termination of the resection.

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