Influence of Ionic Liquids on the Free Radical Copolymerization of Styrene with Acrylonitrile

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Woecht ◽  
Gudrun Schmidt-Naake
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Monomer Feed ◽  
Dibenzoyl Peroxide

AbstractFree radical copolymerization of styrene (S) and acrylonitrile (AN) in the ionic liquids (ILs) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF6), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([MMIM]Me2PO4) and 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM]EtSO4) were investigated. 2,2’-azobisiso butyronitrile (AIBN) and dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) were used as initiators and dimethyl formamide (DMF) and methanol as reference solvents. The influence of the viscosity on the conversion and the molecular weights was studied by variation of the reaction temperature and the IL concentration. At reaction temperatures of 80 - 85 °C already after 30 minutes a conversion of about 80 % and almost a doubling of the molecular weights is reached for the S/AN (50/50 mol%) copolymerization. In addition the copolymerization behavior of S/AN in [EMIM]EtSO4 was investigated. With increasing concentration of AN in the monomer feed the polymerization rate as well as the molecular weights of the copolymers increase. The influence of the ionic liquid on the copolymer composition, glass-transition temperature and rheological behavior was studied.

Terpolymerization of Methacrylonitrile, Styrene, and α-Methylstyrene

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1757-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Rudin ◽  
Schumann S. M. Chiang ◽  
H. Kirk Johnston ◽  
Paul D. Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Reactivity Ratios ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Ceiling Temperature

The free radical copolymerization of methacrylonitrile, styrene, and α-methylstyrene was studied at 60 °C in toluene solution. Copolymer composition was calculated from the composition of the unreacted monomers, as measured by g.l.c. Reactivity ratios measured previously for the three monomer pairs involved were used with the simple terpolymerization equation to predict polymer composition. Agreement between predicted and experimental polymer compositions was satisfactory. The behavior of α-methylstyrene can be described by a simple model without reference to ceiling temperature or penultimate effects because sequence lengths of this monomer in the terpolymers are short.A true azeotropic feed composition was not investigated, but several monomer mixtures produced copolymers with compositions which varied so little from that of the feed that the systems could be considered to be azeotropic for practical synthetic purposes. This behavior is in accord with expectations.Analytical accuracy of the gas chromatographic techniques was examined and means are suggested to make the best use of this method in copolymerization studies.

Determining chemospecificity in reactions with chain transfer agent and corresponding radical via evaluation of molecular weight dependency of apparent comonomer reactivity ratios: free-radical copolymerization of vinyl acetate and dibutyl maleate

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (111) ◽  
pp. 109759-109768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeid Rahdar ◽  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Ebrahim Ahmadi ◽  
Abbas Biglari
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Reactivity Ratios ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Radical Reactivity ◽  
Dibutyl Maleate ◽  
Trichloromethyl Radical

Performing copolymerization with two different conditions leading to different molecular weights allows us to determine trichloromethyl radical reactivity towards comonomers.

Controlled Free‐Radical Copolymerization Kinetics of Styrene and Divinylbenzene by Bimolecular NMRP using TEMPO and Dibenzoyl Peroxide

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Tuinman ◽  
Neil T. McManus ◽  
Martha Roa‐Luna ◽  
Eduardo Vivaldo‐Lima † ◽  
Liliane M. F. Lona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Copolymerization Kinetics ◽  
Dibenzoyl Peroxide

scholarly journals Radical copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of oligooxyethylene azoester

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Wiśniewska ◽  
Barbara Pabin–Szafko
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Reactivity Ratios ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures

AbstractTelechelic vinyl oligomers terminated with hydroxyl groups were prepared by free radical copolymerization of styrene (S) and acrylonitrile (AN), initiated by azoester-2,2’-azobis[2-methyl-ω-hydroxy-oligo(oxyethylene) propionate] [AIB-OOE(400)], carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide. The reactivity ratios rS=0,225 and rAN=0,722 for styrene and acrylonitrile, respectively, were evaluated by Kelen-Tüdős method. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the copolymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Tg values varied with the copolymer composition in the range of 60-82 °C and the maximum Tg value was obtained for copolymer with 60 mol% AN.

Kinetic and Copolymer Composition Investigations of the Free Radical Copolymerization of 1-Octene with Glycidyl Methacrylate

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (14) ◽  
pp. 1800084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rosales-Guzmán ◽  
Odilia Pérez-Camacho ◽  
Román Torres-Lubián ◽  
Simon Harrisson ◽  
Ulrich S. Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization

scholarly journals Reactivity of 2,3-Dichloropropene in free-radical copolymerization reactions

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-522
Author(s):  
S. V. Badanov ◽  
A. V. Urumov ◽  
V. V. Bayandin ◽  
N. S. Shaglaeva
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Chloride Methyl

The copolymers of 2,3-Dichloropropene with vinyl chloride, methyl methacrylate, and styrene of different compositions were obtained via free-radical copolymerization. The copolymerization constants for the comonomers were found from the dependence of the copolymer composition on the initial mixture content. An increase in the content of 2,3-Dichloropropene in the initial mixture was found to decrease the yield and intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer for all systems. The reactivity of 2,3-Dichloropropene in copolymerization reactions was assessed according to the reciprocals of the copolymerization constants of vinyl chloride, methyl methacrylate, and styrene, which indicate the reactivity of the dichlorinated monomer when interacting with comonomer radicals. It was found that 2,3-dichloropropene is the most active in the reaction with a styrene radical. However, its reactivity with a methyl methacrylate radical decreases by a factor of 0.88 as compared to the styrene radical. The lowest reactivity of 2,3-Dichloropropene is observed when interacting with a vinyl chloride radical. The synthesized copolymers can be further modified by replacing chlorine atoms with functional groups.

High-pressure free-radical copolymerization of ethene and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate

1996 ◽  
Vol 197 (12) ◽  
pp. 4119-4134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Buback ◽  
Thomas Dröge ◽  
Alex Van Herk ◽  
Frank-Olaf Mähling
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization
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