scholarly journals Long-term geomorphological evolution in the Abruzzo area, Central Italy: twenty years of research

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Miccadei ◽  
Tommaso Piacentini ◽  
Marcello Buccolini
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Apennine Chain

AbstractThe most recent research studies into the long-term landscape evolution of the Abruzzo area, carried out over the last twenty years at the “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, are based on an integrated approach incorporating structural geology and geomorphology and, in particular, the geomorphometry of topographic and hydrographic aspects, geological and structural-geomorphological surveys and mapping supported by morpho-stratigraphic and chronological constraints. The geomorphological analyses have allowed us to outline the main stages of geomorphological evolution and to identify the factors that have contributed to the landscape shaping of the Apennine Chain, the Adriatic Piedmont and the fluvial plains and coastal sectors, up to the Tremiti islands. In the Apennine Chain, landscape evolution — in a ridge, valley and basin system — is connected to the regional uplift, local tectonic subsidence and local base level variations, which have led to changes in the drainage systems, from exoreic to endorheic (in the intermontane basins) and then to exoreic again. In the Adriatic Piedmont, landscape shaping is connected to uplifting and eustatic sea-level fluctuations, which have induced the formation of a structure-controlled drainage system and the shaping of systems of entrenched alluvial fans and large consequent river valleys, with flights of river terraces. In the coastal Adriatic area — composed of a coastal plain-coastal slope system (northern and southern coast) and of a cliffed rocky coast (central coast, Tremiti) interrupted by river valleys — landscape shaping is the result of selective erosion due to the interaction between marine geomorphic processes and slope processes connected to Late Quaternary eustatic fluctuations.

The Plio-Quaternary uplift of the Apennine chain: new data from the analysis of topography and river valleys in Central Italy

Geomorphology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ascione ◽  
A. Cinque ◽  
E. Miccadei ◽  
F. Villani ◽  
C. Berti
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Apennine Chain

scholarly journals Long-term landscape evolution of the Molise sector of the central-southern Apennines, Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Amato ◽  
Pietro P.C. Aucelli ◽  
Vito Bracone ◽  
Massimo Cesarano ◽  
Carmen Maria Rosskopf
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Southern Apennines ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution ◽  
Present Setting

AbstractThis paper concerns the reconstruction of the main stages of the long-term landscape evolution of the Molise portion of the central-southern Apennines along a transect divided into three sectors (SW, Central and NE). Analysis mainly focused on geomorphological, stratigraphical and structural data supported by chronological constraints, coming from an overall review of past literature and several studies carried out by the authors of the paper during the last 20 years. The results obtained allowed the elaboration of a conceptual model of the long-term evolution of the Molise sector of the central-southern Apennines. Starting from the Pliocene, the emersion of the Molise area occurred gradually from SW to NE, allowing a polycyclic landscape to evolve under the major controls first of compression then transtensional to extensional tectonics as well as climatic variations. Principal markers of the Quaternary geomorphological evolution of the Molise area are represented by the infill successions of the intermontane tectonic depressions located in its internal, SW sector and by four orders of palaeosurfaces that developed between the Early Pleistocene and the beginning of the Late Pleistocene across the region. These markers testify to the alternation of phases of substantial tectonic stability and uplift whose spatial-temporal distribution could be assessed along the investigated transect. Results highlight that the most important stages of landscape evolution occurred during the Early and Middle Pleistocene. At the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, the Molise sector of the Apennine chain had already reached its present setting and further landscape evolution occurred under the major control of climate and land-use.

Late Quaternary landscape evolution of the Tiber River delta plain (Central Italy): new evidence from pollen data, biostratigraphy and 14C dating

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Bellotti ◽  
Gilberto Calderoni ◽  
Maria Gabriella Carboni ◽  
Letizia Di Bella ◽  
Paolo Tortora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
New Evidence

Quaternary depositional patterns and sea-level fluctuations, Northeastern North Carolina

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Parham ◽  
Stanley R. Riggs ◽  
Stephen J. Culver ◽  
David J. Mallinson ◽  
John F. Wehmiller
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Sea Level Oscillations

AbstractA detailed record of late Quaternary sea-level oscillations is preserved within the upper 45 m of deposits along an eight km transect across Croatan Sound, a drowned tributary of the Roanoke/Albemarle drainage system, northeastern North Carolina. Drill-hole and seismic data reveal nine relatively complete sequences filling an antecedent valley comprised of discontinuous middle and early Pleistocene deposits. On interfluves, lithologically similar marine deposits of different sequences occur stacked in vertical succession and separated by ravinement surfaces. Within the paleo-drainage, marine deposits are separated by fluvial and/or estuarine sediments deposited during periods of lowered sea level. Foraminiferal and molluscan fossil assemblages indicate that marine facies were deposited in a shallow-marine embayment with open connection to shelf waters. Each sequence modifies or truncates portions of the preceding sequence or sequences. Sequence boundaries are the product of a combination of fluvial, estuarine, and marine erosional processes. Stratigraphic and age analyses constrain the ages of sequences to late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 and younger (∼ 140 ka to present), indicating multiple sea-level oscillations during this interval. Elevations of highstand deposits associated with late MIS 5 and MIS 3 imply that sea level was either similar to present during those times, or that the region may have been influenced by glacio-isostatic uplift and subsidence.

Late Quaternary geomorphological evolution and erosion rates in the clayey peri-Adriatic belt (central Italy)

Geomorphology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Buccolini ◽  
Bernardino Gentili ◽  
Marco Materazzi ◽  
Tommaso Piacentini
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution

scholarly journals Distinct phases of eustatic and tectonic forcing for late Quaternary landscape evolution in southwest Crete, Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Mouslopoulou ◽  
John Begg ◽  
Alexander Fülling ◽  
Daniel Moraetis ◽  
Panagiotis Partsinevelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Tectonic Uplift ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
River Incision ◽  
Infrared Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Coastal Landscapes ◽  
Uplift Rates

Abstract. The extent to which climate, eustasy and tectonics interact to shape the late Quaternary landscape is poorly known. Alluvial fans often provide useful indexes that allow the decoding of information recorded on complex coastal landscapes, such as those of the eastern Mediterranean. In this paper we analyse and date (using infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating) a double alluvial fan system on southwest Crete, an island straddling the forearc of the Hellenic subduction margin, in order to constrain the timing and magnitude of its vertical deformation and discuss the factors contributing to its landscape evolution. The studied alluvial system is exceptional because each of its two juxtaposed fans records individual phases of alluvial and marine incision, thus providing unprecedented resolution in the formation and evolution of its landscape. Specifically, our analysis shows that the fan sequence at Domata developed during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 due to five distinct stages of marine transgressions and regressions and associated river incision, in response to sea-level fluctuations and tectonic uplift at averaged rates of  ∼ 2.2 mm yr−1. Interestingly, comparison of our results with published tectonic uplift rates from western Crete shows that uplift during 20–50 kyr BP was minimal (or even negative). Thus, most of the uplift recorded at Domata must have occurred in the last 20 kyr. This implies that eustasy and tectonism impacted the landscape at Domata over mainly distinct time intervals (e.g. sequentially and not synchronously), with eustasy forming and tectonism preserving the coastal landforms.

scholarly journals Relationships between Morphostructural/Geological Framework and Landslide Types: Historical Landslides in the Hilly Piedmont Area of Abruzzo Region (Central Italy)

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Gianluca Esposito ◽  
Cristiano Carabella ◽  
Giorgio Paglia ◽  
Enrico Miccadei
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Landslide Occurrence ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Abruzzo Region ◽  
Slope Instabilities ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution

Landslides are a widespread natural phenomenon that play an important role in landscape evolution and are responsible for several casualties and damages. The Abruzzo Region (Central Italy) is largely affected by different types of landslides from mountainous to coastal areas. In particular, the hilly piedmont area is characterized by active geomorphological processes, mostly represented by slope instabilities related to mechanisms and factors that control their evolution in different physiographic and geological–structural conditions. This paper focuses on the detailed analysis of three selected case studies to highlight the multitemporal geomorphological evolution of landslide phenomena. An analysis of historical landslides was performed through an integrated approach combining literature data and landslide inventory analysis, relationships between landslide types and lithological units, detailed photogeological analysis, and geomorphological field mapping. This analysis highlights the role of morphostructural features on landslide occurrence and distribution and their interplay with the geomorphological evolution. This work gives a contribution to the location, abundance, activity, and frequency of landslides for the understanding of the spatial interrelationship of landslide types, morphostructural setting, and climate regime in the study area. Finally, it represents a scientific tool in geomorphological studies for landslide hazard assessment at different spatial scales, readily available to interested stakeholders to support sustainable territorial planning.

Quantification of excess 231Pa in late Quaternary igneous baddeleyite

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1830-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Axel K. Schmitt ◽  
Lucia Pappalardo ◽  
Massimo Russo
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Secular Equilibrium ◽  
Melt Distribution ◽  
D Values ◽  
Significant Figures

Abstract Initial excess protactinium (231Pa) is a frequently suspected source of discordance in baddeleyite (ZrO2) geochronology, which limits accurate U/Pb dating, but such excesses have never been directly demonstrated. In this study, Pa incorporation in late Holocene baddeleyite from Somma-Vesuvius (Campanian Volcanic Province, central Italy) and Laacher See (East Eifel Volcanic Field, western Germany) was quantified by U-Th-Pa measurements using a large-geometry ion microprobe. Baddeleyite crystals isolated from subvolcanic syenites have average U concentrations of ~200 ppm and are largely stoichiometric with minor abundances of Nb, Hf, Ti, and Fe up to a few weight percent. Measured (231Pa)/(235U) activity ratios are significantly above the secular equilibrium value of unity and range from 3.4(8) to 14.9(2.6) in Vesuvius baddeleyite and from 3.6(9) to 8.9(1.4) in Laacher See baddeleyite (values within parentheses represent uncertainties in the last significant figures reported as 1σ throughout the text). Crystallization ages of 5.12(56) ka (Vesuvius; MSWD = 0.96, n = 12) and 15.6(2.0) ka (Laacher See; MSWD = 0.91, n = 10) were obtained from (230Th)/(238U) disequilibria for the same crystals, which are close to the respective eruption ages. Applying a corresponding age correction indicates average initial (231Pa)/(235U)0 of 8.8(1.0) (Vesuvius) and 7.9(5) (Laacher See). For reasonable melt activities, model baddeleyite-melt distribution coefficients of DPa/DU = 5.8(2) and 4.1(2) are obtained for Vesuvius and Laacher See, respectively. Speciation-dependent (Pa4+ vs. Pa5+) partitioning coefficients (D values) from crystal lattice strain models for tetra- and pentavalent proxy ions significantly exceed DPa/DU inferred from direct analysis of 231Pa for Pa5+. This is consistent with predominantly reduced Pa4+ in the melt, for which D values similar to U4+ are expected. Contrary to common assumptions, baddeleyite-crystallizing melts from Vesuvius and Laacher See appear to be dominated by Pa4+ rather than Pa5+. An initial disequilibrium correction for baddeleyite geochronology using DPa/DU = 5 ± 1 is recommended for oxidized phonolitic melt compositions.

scholarly journals The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Davide Fronzi ◽  
Francesco Mirabella ◽  
Carlo Cardellini ◽  
Stefano Caliro ◽  
Stefano Palpacelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Before And After

The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of fault systems in the displacement of deep fluids is, by investigating the interaction between the upper mantle, the lower crustal portion and the upraising of gasses carried by liquids. Many other scientific works try to explore the interaction between the recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, and the fault zones, aiming to recognize the function of the abovementioned structures and their capability to direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding the role of faults in the recharge processes of punctual and linear springs, meant as gaining streams, is a key point in hydrogeology, as it is known that faults can act either as flow barriers or as preferential flow paths. In this work an investigation of a fault system located in the Nera River catchment (Italy), based on geo-structural investigations, tracer tests, geochemical and isotopic recharge modelling, allows to identify the role of the normal fault system before and after the 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5). The outcome was achieved by an integrated approach consisting of a structural geology field work, combined with GIS-based analysis, and of a hydrogeological investigation based on artificial tracer tests and geochemical and isotopic analyses.

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