Beech wood shrinkage observed at the micro-scale by a time series of X-ray computed tomographs (μXCT)

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Taylor ◽  
Bernhard Plank ◽  
Gernot Standfest ◽  
Alexander Petutschnigg

Abstract The shrinkage behavior of European beech wood was successfully observed on a time series of images obtained by high resolution X-ray computed tomography (μXCT). The calculated measures for shrinkage and shrinkage anisotropy are consistent with published data. Evidence was provided for the ‘ray restraint’ theory of shrinkage anisotropy. This technique has a high potential for the study of dynamic processes in wood at the micro-scale, though the resolution of the images is lower and the measurement times are longer in comparison to synchroton radiation μXCT.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Leiderman ◽  
Andre M. B. Pereira ◽  
Francisco M. J. Benavides ◽  
Carla S. Silveira ◽  
Rodrigo M. R. Almeida ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT. In the present work, we describe our experience with digital petrophysics, enhancing our choices for performing the related tasks. The focus is on the use of ordinary personal computers. To our best knowledge, some of the information and hints we give cannot be found in the literature and we hope they may be useful to researchers that intend to work on the development of this new emerging technology. We have used micro-scale X-ray computed tomography to image the rock samples and, in that sense, we address here the issue of the corresponding image acquisition and reconstruction parameters adjustment. In addition, we discuss the imaging resolution selection and illustrate the issue of the representative volume choice with the aid of two examples. The examples corroborate the notion that it is much more challenging to define a representative volume for carbonate samples than for sandstone samples. We also discuss the image segmentation and describe in details the Finite Element computational implementation we developed to perform the numerical simulations for estimating the effective Young modulus from segmented microstructural images. We indicate the respective computational costs and show that our implementation is able to handle comfortably images of 300×300×300 voxels. We use a commercially available Finite Volume software to estimate the effective absolute directional permeability. Keywords: rock physics, micro-scale X-ray computed tomography, multi-scale homogenization, effective elastic moduli, representative volume. RESUMO. No presente trabalho descrevemos nossa experiência com Petrofísica Digital, dando ênfase às nossas escolhas para a realização das tarefas relacionadas. O foco é no uso de computadores pessoais e, salvo melhor juízo, algumas das informações e dados que apresentamos não podem ser achados na literatura. Nós adquirimos as imagens digitais de amostras de rochas com o auxílio de microtomografia computadorizada por raio-X e, nesse sentido, discutimos aqui o ajuste dos parâmetros de aquisição e reconstrução de imagens. Além disso, nós discutimos a questão da seleção do volume representativo e sua relação com o tamanho e resolução da imagem digital, mostrando dois exemplos ilustrativos. Os exemplos corroboram a noção de que é muito mais difícil definir um volume representativo tratável para carbonatos do que para arenitos. Nós também discutimos a segmentação de imagens no contexto da Petrofísica Digital e descrevemos em detalhes o código de Elementos Finitos por nós desenvolvido para estimar o módulo de Young efetivo de amostras de rochas a partir de suas imagens microtomográficas, indicando o respectivo custo computacional. Nós mostramos que nossas escolhas levaram a uma implementação computacional capaz de lidar confortavelmente com imagens de até 300×300×300 voxels. Por fim, descrevemos o uso do pacote comercial de Volumes Finitos para estimar a permeabilidade absoluta efetiva das amostras de rocha. Palavras-chave: física de rochas, microtomografia computadorizada por raio-X, homogeneização multiescala, módulo de Young efetivo, volume representativo.


Geoderma ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Rogasik ◽  
Stefan Schrader ◽  
Ingrid Onasch ◽  
Joachim Kiesel ◽  
Horst H. Gerke

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marčok ◽  
J. Kúdela ◽  
I. Čunderlík

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan M. Stängle ◽  
Franka Brüchert ◽  
Ursula Kretschmer ◽  
Heinrich Spiecker ◽  
Udo H. Sauter

Knowledge about the wood quality of standing trees is crucial in that it serves as an excellent means for nearly all stages of the wood-supply chain. Better information about internal wood characteristics can be derived from the outside appearance by establishing a correlation between the bark characteristics of a stem and its internal quality. This paper presents an approach where the quality determination of standing trees using a terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system is combined with the information about internal quality of logs using X-ray computed tomography (CT). Results show a high accuracy for branch scar measurements with terrestrial LiDAR and knot measurement with CT. A strong correlation between scar seal quotient and the amount of clear wood could be confirmed using European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) as an example. Quality grading of virtually segmented logs using terrestrial LiDAR and CT showed moderate correlation; 62.5% of the segments were allocated to the same grade by both approaches. In conclusion, terrestrial LiDAR in forest inventory could be used as an instrument to predict inner wood quality in greater detail by gathering data on the outer appearance and branch scars of standing trees. This additional knowledge has the potential to improve forest planning, bucking instructions, and a roundwood allocation that meets industry demand.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Normile ◽  
Dinesh C. Sabarirajan ◽  
Osvaldo Calzada ◽  
Vincent De Andrade ◽  
Xianghui Xiao ◽  
...  

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