scholarly journals Osteopathic students and graduates matching into pathology residency, 2011–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Ryan Philip Jajosky ◽  
Hannah C. Coulson ◽  
Abric J. Rosengrant ◽  
Audrey N. Jajosky ◽  
Philip G. Jajosky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Accreditation System ◽  
Senior Year ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Residency Match

Abstract Context In the past decade, two changes have affected the pathology residency match. First, the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Match, which did not offer pathology residency, became accredited under a single graduate medical education (GME) system with the Main Residency Match (MRM), which offers pathology residency. Second, substantially fewer United States senior-year allopathic medical students (US MD seniors) matched into pathology residency. Objective To determine whether there were major changes in the number and percentage of osteopathic students and physicians (DOs) matching into pathology residency programs over the past decade. Methods Pathology match outcomes for DOs from 2011 to 2020 were obtained by reviewing AOA Match data from the National Matching Services and MRM data from the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP). The number of DOs that filled pathology positions in the MRM was divided by the total number of pathology positions filled in the MRM to calculate the percentage of pathology positions taken by DOs. Results Over the past decade, there was a 109% increase in the total number of DOs matching into pathology residency (34 in 2011 vs. 71 in 2020). During this time, there was a 23.3% increase in the total number of pathology positions filled in the MRM (476 in 2011 vs. 587 in 2020). Thus, the percentage of pathology residency positions filled by DOs increased from 7.1% in 2011 to 12.1% in 2020. The substantial increase of DOs in pathology occurred simultaneously with a 94.2% increase in the total number of DOs filling AOA/MRM “postgraduate year 1” (PGY-1) positions (3201 in 2011 vs. 6215 in 2020). Thus, the percentage of DOs choosing pathology residency has remained steady (1.06% in 2011 and 1.14% in 2020). In 2020, pathology had the third lowest percentage of filled PGY-1 residency positions taken by DOs, out of 15 major medical specialties. Conclusion The proportion of DOs choosing pathology residency was stable from 2011 to 2020 despite the move to a single GME accreditation system and the stark decline in US MD seniors choosing pathology. In 2020, a slightly higher percentage of DOs (1.14%) chose pathology residency than US MD seniors (1.13%). Overall, DOs more often choose other medical specialties, including primary care. Additional studies are needed to determine why fewer US MD seniors, but not fewer DOs, are choosing pathology residency.

Current Barriers in Pursuing Otolaryngology as an Osteopathic Applicant and Proposed Goals for the Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110295
Author(s):  
Cameron J. Farsar ◽  
Pompeyo R. Quesada ◽  
Jason R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Graduate Medical Education ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physician Workforce ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
American Council ◽  
Drastic Increase

The osteopathic (DO) medical profession has seen a substantial increase in popularity, evident by the drastic increase in the DO physician workforce and increasing number of DO graduates in the United States. Osteopathic medical schools have historically been primary care focused, resulting in a majority of their graduates pursuing practice in those specialties. This focus may be inadvertently creating a disadvantageous environment for DO students who aim to pursue specialized or traditionally competitive fields in medicine. Otolaryngology is a prime example of osteopathic underrepresentation, as there is currently a significantly low percentage of DO residents in otolaryngology residency programs and practicing DO otolaryngologists. Given the recent American Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and American Osteopathic Association (AOA) merger between osteopathic and allopathic (MD) residency programs, it is of great value to further discuss avenues for progress and mitigation of barriers.

scholarly journals Out-of-Match Residency Offers: The Possible Extent and Implications of Prematching in Graduate Medical Education

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert V. Wetz ◽  
Charles B. Seelig ◽  
Georges Khoueiry ◽  
Kera F. Weiserbs
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Fellowship Programs ◽  
Career Preferences

Abstract Background When the data from the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) are used to analyze trends in medical students' career preferences, positions offered outside the match are omitted. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the extent and nature of out-of-match residency offers. Methods We obtained total resident complements and postgraduate year-1 positions offered in 7 specialties in 2007 and compared these with the 2007 NRMP match data. We compared the percentage of positions offered outside the match to “success” in matching United States medical doctors (USMDs) and to the availability of fellowship positions, using the Spearman rank order test (SROT). Results A total of 18 030 postgraduate year-1 positions were offered in 9 specialty areas. Of 15 205 positions offered in the match, 54% were taken by USMDs. The percentage of outside-the-match offers was found to vary by specialty, from 7% in obstetrics-gynecology to 23% in internal medicine, and was inversely correlated with the specialty's “success” in matching USMDs (SROT  =  −0.87). The 3 nonprocedural primary care specialties (internal medicine, family medicine, and pediatrics) accounted for 10 091 (46.2%) of the 21 845 total positions offered in the match, with 4401 (43.6%) offered almost entirely to non-USMDs. Another 2467 positions were offered outside the match, resulting in 6868 positions offered to non-USMDs (55% of all primary care positions). In internal medicine, the percentage of outside-the-match offers was significantly and inversely associated with the availability of intrainstitutional fellowship programs (P < .0001). Prematching of independent applicants was significantly higher in primary care than in procedural-lifestyle programs (P < .0001). Conclusion The NRMP's match data do not account for positions filled outside the match, a finding that appears to be significant. In 2007, 1 in 5 positions in primary care was offered outside the match.

scholarly journals Analysis of Neurosurgery Resident Operative Experience: Training Tomorrow's Neurosurgeon

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahjehan Ahmad ◽  
Bledi C Brahimaj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Volume ◽  
The Past ◽  
Operative Experience ◽  
Case Logs ◽  
Adult Spine ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Abstract INTRODUCTION The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) maintains self-reported logs of cases completed by US residents. This study analyzes trends in the operative experience of neurosurgical residents within the context of national case trends in neurosurgery over the past decade. METHODS ACGME case logs from 2013 to 2018 were reviewed. Operative domains were categorized as adult cranial, adult spinal, pediatrics, and epilepsy. Mean operative volume was recorded, as well as cases performed as senior or lead surgeon. As a measure of US national operative trends, the PearlDiver database was queried for operative volume between 2007 and 2016. Statistical analysis was performed using linear regression, and statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS During the study period, the total case volume for neurological surgery residents increased by 61 cases every residency year (P < .001). Cases logged as lead surgeon increased by 173 cases every year, while cases logged as senior surgeon decreased by 112 cases every year (P < .05). The operative volume for adult spine and cranial increased (P < .05), while that for extracranial vascular and pediatric decreased (P < .05). Brain tumor, transsphenoidal, radiosurgery, shunting, and epilepsy volume remained stable over the study period (P > .05). These resident operative trends paralleled trends nationwide where there were increases in adult cranial, adult spine, and epilepsy (P < .001) but decreases in pediatric cases (P < .05). CONCLUSION Over the past decade, neurosurgical residents have been completing an increasing number of cases every year in the majority of operative domains. While an increased experience is beneficial, what is more important is that the resident operative experience appears to closely mirror trends for commonly performed operations in the United States. This is reassuring for surgical educators that tomorrow's neurosurgeons will have the competency to meet our nation's neurosurgical needs.

scholarly journals Medical education in pediatrics: attitude assessment in health promotion and preventive care

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Lina Aparecida Zardo ◽  
Mary Clarisse Bozzetti
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Medical Paradigm ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate attitudes in childcare and primary care in pediatrics, as well as aspects of training and medical education for residents in pediatrics consistent with the current medical paradigm. METHODS: the subjects were 133 residents of six pediatrics residency services in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed consisting of a questionnaire and an attitude measurement scale (Likert scale). Thirty propositions related to the issues of child care and primary care in pediatrics were simultaneously submitted to small groups of residents at their residency settings. RESULTS: women outnumbered men in a ratio of three to one in the residency programs. The majority aimed at a specialty in pediatrics, principally the ones involving high-tech procedures. Choices were influenced by prior training and by professors or tutors, although they stated they would like to work in prevention in the future. As for the scale, 87% had the right attitudes, both positive and negative, according to the Golden standard applied. CONCLUSIONS: the result obtained in this study related to attitude was very satisfactory but future professional choices are a concern to the medical educational system. The authors suggest that studies on attitude be further developed and improved to become a source of input for new strategies in the area of pediatrics education.

Curriculum Content on Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in Primary Care and Preventive Medicine Residency Programs in the United States

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Strikas ◽  
Kenneth H. Falter ◽  
William H. Barker ◽  
Patricia D. Brugliera ◽  
Cynthia J. Bandemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Curriculum Content ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases

scholarly journals Nutrition Education in Internal Medicine Residency Programs and Predictors of Residents’ Dietary Counseling Practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 238212051876336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stutee Khandelwal ◽  
Sarah E Zemore ◽  
Anke Hemmerling
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Counseling Practices

Background: Although physicians are expected to provide dietary counseling for patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity, nutrition education in graduate medical education remains limited. Few studies have recently examined nutrition education and dietary counseling practices in Internal Medicine (IM) residency training. Objectives: To conduct a contemporary assessment of outpatient nutrition education in IM residency programs in the United States, identify predictors of residents’ dietary counseling practices for CV risk factors, and identify barriers for educators in providing nutrition education and barriers for residents in counseling patients. Design: Cross-sectional anonymous surveys were completed by IM program directors (PDs) and residents throughout the United States. Linear regression was used to examine the association between the amount of nutrition education received and the number of instruction methods used by the residents and frequency of residents’ dietary counseling for patients with CV risk factors. Key Results: A total of 40 educators (PDs and ambulatory/primary care PDs) and 133 residents across the United States responded to the survey. About 61% of residents reported having very little or no training in nutrition. Nutrition education in residency, both the amount of education (β = 0.20, P = .05) and the number of instruction methods used (β = 0.26, P = .02), predicted frequency of residents’ dietary counseling practices independent of nutrition education in medical school, which was also significantly associated with counseling (β = 0.20, P = .03). Residents’ total fruit and vegetable intake likewise predicted frequency of counseling (β = 0.24, P < .001). Low perceived faculty expertise was a major barrier for educators and was associated with lower level of provided nutrition education ( r = −.33, P = .04). Low resident and low perceived clinic preceptors’ interests in nutrition were also associated with lower frequency of residents’ dietary counseling ( r = −.19, P = .04; r = −.18, P = .05). Conclusions: The provision of nutrition education in IM residency programs and IM residents’ dietary counseling for patients need to be systematically assessed nationally. This study’s preliminary findings suggest that multimodal nutrition education in IM residency and better resident dietary habits are associated with higher frequency of dietary counseling for patients. Lack of faculty expertise and low faculty and resident interests in patient counseling need to be addressed perhaps by mandating nutrition education in graduate and continuing medical education.

scholarly journals Implementation of Pediatrics Residency Accredited Program in Singapore

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Chia Yin, MBBS, MMed, MRCP, FRCPCH ◽  
Serene Ai Kiang Ong, MSc ◽  
Yeo Ai Ling ◽  
Chay Oh Moh, MBBS, Mmed (Paed), FAMS, FRCPCH
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Postgraduate Medical Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resident Training ◽  
Scholarly Activity ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
System Selection ◽  
Selection Of

In 2009, Singapore began replacing the British-based specialist training that constituted its postgraduate medical education with a United States-based Residency program, which is more structured. Singapore is the first country outside the United States to be accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education — International (ACGME-I). This paper reviews the recent changes in the context of the Pediatrics program at the KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, one of the five specialties chosen to launch the new residency programs. Most of the changes were made for accreditation purposes, so as to align with the requirements set by ACGME-I; however, local content and Ministry of Health (MOH) stipulations were also taken into account when designing the new pedagogical and training curriculum. Areas discussed include faculty numbers and development, concurrent training of trainees from the previous system, selection of residents, resident training, resident duty hours, mentors, curriculum, rotations, continuity clinics, scholarly activity, postgraduate exams, remediation, and chief residents.

scholarly journals Contributions of US Medical Schools to Primary Care (2003-2014): Determining and Predicting Who Really Goes Into Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 483-490
Author(s):  
Mark Deutchman ◽  
Francesca Macaluso ◽  
Jason Chao ◽  
Christopher Duffrin ◽  
Karim Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workforce Training ◽  
Output Rate ◽  
Match Method ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Residency Match

Background and Objectives: Schools of medicine in the United States may overstate the placement of their graduates in primary care. The purpose of this project was to determine the magnitude by which primary care output is overestimated by commonly used metrics and identify a more accurate method for predicting actual primary care output. Methods: We used a retrospective cohort study with a convenience sample of graduates from US medical schools granting the MD degree. We determined the actual practicing specialty of those graduates considered primary care based on the Residency Match Method by using a variety of online sources. Analyses compared the percentage of graduates actually practicing primary care between the Residency Match Method and the Intent to Practice Primary Care Method. Results: The final study population included 17,509 graduates from 20 campuses across 14 university systems widely distributed across the United States and widely varying in published ranking for producing primary care graduates. The commonly used Residency Match Method predicted a 41.2% primary care output rate. The actual primary care output rate was 22.3%. The proposed new method, the Intent to Practice Primary Care Method, predicted a 17.1% primary care output rate, which was closer to the actual primary care rate. Conclusions: A valid, reliable method of predicting primary care output is essential for workforce training and planning. Medical schools, administrators, policy makers, and popular press should adopt this new, more reliable primary care reporting method.

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