Word order, case, and agreement

Linguistics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH F. FOSTER ◽  
CHARLES A. HOFLING
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Order Case

Confirmation through replication

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Poplack
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Vowel Harmony ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Order Case

This chapter reviews a series of replications of the studies reported in previous chapters on eight typologically distinct language pairs, making use of a wide array of phonological, morphological, and syntactic diagnostics (e.g., vowel harmony, word order, case-marking, adjectival expression, nominal determination patterns, verb incorporation strategies). Wherever a conflict site between donor and recipient languages could be determined, lone items were systematically shown to behave like the latter, often to the point of assuming the fine details of its variable quantitative conditioning. Results confirm that the integration process and its outcome—grammatical identity of donor-language items with recipient-language counterparts—are universal.

scholarly journals The Realization of (In)definiteness in Russian

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Tore Nesset
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Order Case

How are indefiniteness and definiteness realized formally in Russian? This article discusses the question with regard to word order, case-marking and pronouns.

scholarly journals On the interplay of object animacy and verb type during sentence comprehension in German: ERP evidence from the processing of transitive dative and accusative constructions

Linguistics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czypionka ◽  
Katharina Spalek ◽  
Isabell Wartenburger ◽  
Manfred Krifka
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Object Processing ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Grammatical Subject ◽  
Order Case ◽  
Accusative Constructions

AbstractComprehension of transitive sentences relies on different kinds of information, like word order, case marking, and animacy contrasts between arguments. When no formal cues like case marking or number congruency are available, a contrast in animacy helps the parser to decide which argument is the grammatical subject and which the object. Processing costs are enhanced when neither formal cues nor animacy contrasts are available in a transitive sentence. We present an ERP study on the comprehension of grammatical transitive German sentences, manipulating animacy contrasts between subjects and objects as well as the verbal case marking pattern. Our study shows strong object animacy effects even in the absence of violations, and in addition suggests that this effect of object animacy is modulated by the verbal case marking pattern.

scholarly journals The syntax of (complex) numerals in Arabic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Al-Bataineh ◽  
Phil Branigan
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Arabic Numeral ◽  
Arithmetic Operations ◽  
Case Assignment ◽  
Order Case ◽  
Structural Relations ◽  
Multiplicative Arithmetic

Word order, case assignment, and agreement for gender and number are realised with remarkable complexity in the Arabic numeral system. This paper examines the internal morphological structure of simplex, compound, and complex numerals. We identify a recurrent pattern found both inside complex numerals and in the structural relations between numeral and the nouns they quantify. The structures uncovered then allow for more principled accounts of the superficial morphosyntactic complexities. The analysis suggests that DP contains a single Num head, but that Num can express both additive and multiplicative arithmetic operations.

ACQUIRING LINGUISTIC CUES TO IDENTIFY AGENT

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Rounds ◽  
Ruth Kanagy
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Linguistic Cues ◽  
Order Case ◽  
English Speaking

This study investigates children's changing sensitivity to processing cues for identifying agent (word order, case marking, and animacy) as a function of proficiency in a second language. English-speaking learners of Japanese need to appropriately adjust cue strengths in moving from a rigid SVO language to one in which SOV word order is a good general processing strategy, but case marking must ultimately be relied on if it conflicts with this order. English-speaking children in grades K–7 in an immersion school were asked to identify the agent for a set of audiotaped sentences in English and Japanese. The children in this study learned to use SOV word order, lexical semantics, and canonical case marking, but they do not provide evidence of appropriately exploiting noncanonical case marking. We suggest that these results might be accounted for by the context in which input is processed in immersion school classrooms.

Processing cost and its consequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O'Grady
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Proximity Effects ◽  
Processing Cost

AbstractI focus on two challenges that processing-based theories of language must confront: the need to explain why language has the particular properties that it does, and the need to explain why processing pressures are manifested in the particular way that they are. I discuss these matters with reference to two illustrative phenomena: proximity effects in word order and a constraint on contraction.

Phrase-Learning in Deaf and Hearing Subjects

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope B. Odom ◽  
Richard L. Blanton
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
English Word ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Twelfth Graders ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Study Test ◽  
The Mean

Two groups each containing 24 deaf subjects were compared with 24 fifth graders and 24 twelfth graders with normal hearing on the learning of segments of written English. Eight subjects from each group learned phrasally defined segments such as “paid the tall lady,” eight more learned the same words in nonphrases having acceptable English word order such as “lady paid the tall,” and the remaining eight in each group learned the same words scrambled, “lady tall the paid.” The task consisted of 12 study-test trials. Analyses of the mean number of words recalled correctly and the probability of recalling the whole phrase correctly, given that one word of it was recalled, indicated that both ages of hearing subjects showed facilitation on the phrasally defined segments, interference on the scrambled segments. The deaf groups showed no differential recall as a function of phrasal structure. It was concluded that the deaf do not possess the same perceptual or memory processes with regard to English as do the hearing subjects.

Word Order

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Jung Song
Keyword(s):  
Word Order
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