van Kesteren, John, Criminal Victimization at Individual and International Level: Results from the International Crime Victims Surveys

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-408
Author(s):  
Irene Sagel-Grande
Keyword(s):  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
International Level ◽  
Criminal Victimization

Criminal Victimization on a Caribbean Island

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate A. Painter
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
National Crime Victimization Survey ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Caribbean Island ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
High Level

This paper reports results from the first national crime victimization survey carried out on a Caribbean island. Astratified random sample of 491 persons were interviewed, with a 90% response rate. Results were compared with those obtained in the International Crime Victims Survey for 10 countries. The prevalence and incidence of theft of vehicles, theft from vehicles, vehicle vandalism, robbery and personal theft were relatively low on the island. The prevalence and incidence of bicycle theft, burglary, attempted burglary, outside theft, assault/threats and sexual incidents were relatively high on the island. The probability of reporting a crime to the police was relatively low on the island, but confidence in the police was relatively high. Despite the relatively high level of crime on the island, fear of crime was relatively low.

The role of forensic science and forensic examination in international cooperation in the investigation of crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Valery Yu. Shepitko ◽  
Mykhaylo V. Shepitko
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
International Crime ◽  
National Level ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
International Level

The application of forensic science and expertise is a necessary prerequisite for the investigation of crimes at the local and national level. Without the use of forensic science and expertise, an investigation within the framework of a criminal process becomes dead and unsubstantiated. But with the globalisation of world processes, the development of technologies, the speed of information transmission, the formation of crime outside the borders of one state and its entry into the international level has become an urgent problem, which has become a challenge in countering such crime and the need to steer forensic science and expertise towards assisting law enforcement activities. A special feature of countering the investigation of crimes was the creation of international cooperation between forensic specialists and expert witnesses even prior to the establishment of practical institutions that could counteract them in practice. Therewith, some representatives of such international unions and associations have taken serious steps in creating mechanisms for real counteraction to crimes at the international level (R.A. Reiss, G. Soderman, M.Sh. Bassiuni). Coverage of the problem of international cooperation in the investigation of crimes through the definition of the role of forensic science and expertise allowed focusing on the following blocks: 1) international associations of forensic specialists for combating crime in the historical context; 2) international criminal police organisations in combating crime; 3) international cooperation in the field of conducting forensic examinations; 4) the use of forensic and special knowledge in the activities of the International Criminal Court. Thus, a combination of theory and practice in the fight against crime is demonstrated. Historically, this is associated with the role of forensic science and expertise in recording traces of crimes, analysing them, and forming legal, forensic, and expert witness opinions. The purpose of the study is to establish the decisive role of forensic science and expertise in international cooperation in the investigation of crimes. For this, the authors turned to forensic science and expertise, historical processes that served to create substantial international organisations created to counter international crime

scholarly journals Una encuesta de victimización en Málaga capital

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa García España ◽  
María José Benítez Jiménez ◽  
Fátima Pérez Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims

El Observatorio de la delincuencia en Andalucía, financiado por la Fundación El Monte, ha realizado una encuesta de victimización en la ciudad de Málaga con el cuestionario propuesto por la UNICRI, International Crime Victims Survey (ICVS) que permite comparaciones a nivel europeo. Este estudio tiene una especial relevancia, porque su contenido también es comparado con la encuesta realizada en 1994 por la sección de Málaga del L.A.I.C. en la provincia, extrayendo sólo los datos referentes a Málaga capital. Los resultados hallados tras pasar la encuesta son de suma trascendencia. No sólo permiten responder a la hipótesis planteada, sino igualmente a otros muchos aspectos de interés.

The Draft Convention Ecocide and the Role for Corporate Remediation. Some Insights from the International Monsanto Tribunal and a Recent Research Proposal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Marco Colacurci
Keyword(s):  
International Crime ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Research Proposal ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
International Level ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Draft Convention ◽  
Corporate Liability

Abstract The debate on introducing the international crime of ecocide and corporate liability at the international level has been intense during the last fifty years. A recent research project elaborated two draft conventions on the supranational crime of ecocide and transnational crimes (eco-crimes), both acknowledging corporate liability. Also in recent years, the International Monsanto Tribunal – an opinion tribunal – found the Monsanto multinational enterprise responsible for ecocide: although not binding, its advisory opinion tackles most of the critical issues arising from corporate environmental crime. After a review of the case, the article analyses the Draft Convention Ecocide, focusing on the main features of this crime and the corporate liability system provided. Albeit some aspects could be subject to critics, the project has several strengths, particularly for its pragmatic approach to corporate remediation, and also aimed at fostering the dialogue between the national States through the approval of a specific convention.

scholarly journals Un nuevo instrumento para la investigación criminológica

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo F.Aebri ◽  
Gordon Barclay ◽  
Jörg-Martin Jehle ◽  
Martin Killias
Keyword(s):  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Council Of Europe

Una investigación realizada en 36 estados miembros del Consejo de Europa ha permitido publicar una Colección Europea de Estadísticas de la Delincuencia y la Justicia Penal (1). Esta Colección permite comparar la información de carácter estadístico disponible en distintas áreas y, en particular, la manera en que esta información es recogida y las definiciones utilizadas en los distintos países. La información que aporta se compone de datos policiales sobre delitos, presuntos autores y costes, datos de las autoridades encargadas de la instrucción, datos de sentencias judiciales, datos penitenciarios que se recopilaron utilizando la Estadística Penal Anual del Consejo de Europa (Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics, SPACE) y el cuestionario utilizado para elaborar esta colección, y datos de victimación del International Crime Victims Survey, ICVS. Algunos miembros del grupo de expertos que dirigió la investigación presentan a continuación un breve resumen de la información que contiene la Colección y los principales resultados de algunos artículos que han utilizado esa información.

Societal gender inequality and the gender gap in safety perceptions: Comparative evidence from the International Crime Victims Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 147737082091972
Author(s):  
Ntasha Bhardwaj ◽  
Robert Apel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Safety Perceptions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study considers whether societal gender inequality moderates the relationship between gender and perceptions of personal safety. Pooled 1992–2005 rounds of the International Crime Victims Survey, comprising more than 285,000 respondents from 75 countries, are used to estimate multilevel models of safety perceptions, with a cross-level interaction specified between gender and gender inequality. We find that the gender gap in safety perceptions, although statistically significant in all countries, is largest in countries exhibiting high gender equality and smallest in countries with high gender inequality. This is explained entirely by variation in men’s safety perceptions; male respondents perceive themselves as safer in a milieu of gender equality, but less safe in a milieu of gender inequality. In contrast, the safety perceptions of female respondents are uncorrelated with societal gender inequality.

Crime Victims' Well-Being and Fear in a Prospective and Longitudinal Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan J.M. Denkers ◽  
Frans Willem Winkel
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Dutch Population ◽  
Matched Sample ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Crime Types

A study is presented on the influence of criminal victimization on well-being and fear within a nationwide sample of the Dutch population. The study focused on differences between victims and non-victims, and on the causality between crime and psychological upheaval. The design of the study was prospective, it included victims of several crime-types, and a matched sample of non-victims. The reactions of victims were measured before, and within two weeks, one month and two months after the crime. Results indicated that victims of crime systematically report lower levels of well-being, and, to some extent, higher levels of fear. Next, some indications were found supporting the notion that victims of violent crimes suffer more psychological distress than victims of property crimes. And finally, the data imply that, after the incident victims were ‘unhappier’ than non-victims, but, at least partly, already were so before the crime took place.

Risky Altruism as a Predictor of Criminal Victimization

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1195-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Homant
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Basic Finding

This research tested the hypothesis that risky altruism is a significant predictor of criminal victimization. Two hundred sixty-eight respondents filled out a questionnaire measuring their experiences as crime victims, several personality variables, and their degree of altruism. Using factor analysis, a general altruism scale was subdivided into risky and safe altruism. Risky altruism correlated .31 with victimization, compared to .09 for safe altruism. This basic finding was true for both personal and property crime, and the pattern held for four different subgroups: a student sample and citizens from high-, moderate-, and low-crime areas. Separate measures of recent victimization and victimization directly related to helping someone (altruistic victimization) also showed significant relationships with risky altruism. Risky and safe altruism had different patterns of relationships with personality variables, with risky altruism being less related to prosocial personality, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, and more related to extraversion and sensation seeking.

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