Selection of filler particle size for maximizing the critical properties of cellulosic paper by filler pre-flocculation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunxi Song ◽  
Jiantao Liang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Meiyun Zhang ◽  
Jingyi Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Filler Particle Size ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractFiller pre-flocculation has been extensively studied in the past to increase filler content while maintaining the physical strength properties of paper. However, optical properties of paper could be negatively affected due to the filler pre-flocculation. In this work, two kinds of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) fillers with different particle sizes, namely PCC1 (4.2 μm) and PCC2 (7.7 μm), were used to investigate the effects of filler pre-flocculation on the strength and optical properties of paper. Results showed that pre-flocculated fillers with smaller particle size (PCC1) could improve the tensile strength of handsheets more effectively, since the tensile index was increased by 22.9 %. Meanwhile, for a given floc size, the handsheets with PCC1 flocs exhibited a better light scattering ability comparing to the ones filled with PCC2 flocs. The improved light scattering ability of handsheets filled with 24 μm PCC1 flocs compared to 24 μm flocs produced with PCC2 can be attributed to the complex micro void structure of flocs. This finding can be used as a guidance for the selection of filler particle size when using filler pre-flocculation to optimize the mechanical and optical properties of paper.

The Influence of Inorganic Filler Particle Size on Composite Ion-Exchange Membranes for Desalination

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (31) ◽  
pp. 15124-15132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalida Klaysom ◽  
Seung-Hyeon Moon ◽  
Bradley P. Ladewig ◽  
G. Q. Max Lu ◽  
Lianzhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Filler Particle Size

scholarly journals On the microwave optical properties of randomly oriented ice hydrometeors

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 12873-12927
Author(s):  
P. Eriksson ◽  
M. Jamali ◽  
J. Mendrok ◽  
S. A. Buehler
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Particle Shape ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Microwave Remote Sensing ◽  
Particle Orientation ◽  
Maximum Dimension ◽  
Single Observation ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Microwave remote sensing is important for observing the mass of ice hydrometeors. One of the main error sources of microwave ice mass retrievals is that approximations around the shape of the particles are unavoidable. One common approach to represent particles of irregular shape is the soft particle approximation (SPA). We show that it is possible to define a SPA that mimics mean optical particles of available reference data over narrow frequency ranges, considering a single observation technique at the time, but SPA does not work in a broader context. Most critically, the required air fraction varies with frequency and application, as well as with particle size. In addition, the air fraction matching established density parameterisations results in far too soft particles, at least for frequencies above 90 GHz. That is, alternatives to SPA must be found. One alternative was recently presented by Geer and Baordo (2014). They used a sub-set of the same reference data and simply selected as "shape model" the particle type giving the best overall agreement with observations. We present a way to perform the same selection of a representative particle shape, but without involving assumptions on particle size distribution and actual ice mass contents. Only an assumption on the occurrence frequency of different particle shapes is still required. Our analysis leads to the same selection of representative shape as found by Geer and Baordo (2014). In addition, we show that the selected particle shape has the desired properties also at higher frequencies as well as for radar applications. Finally, we demonstrate that in this context the assumption on particle shape is likely less critical when using mass equivalent diameter to characterise particle size, compared to using maximum dimension, but a better understanding of the variability of size distributions is required to fully characterise the advantage. Further advancements on these subjects are presently difficult to achieve due to a lack of reference data. One main problem is that most available databases of precalculated optical properties assume completely random particle orientation, while for certain conditions a horizontal alignment is expected. In addition, the only database covering frequencies above 340 GHz has a poor representation of absorption as it is based on outdated refractive index data, as well as only covering particles having a maximum dimension below 2 mm and a single temperature.

Effect of resin-composite filler particle size and shape on shrinkage-stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian D. Satterthwaite ◽  
Amit Maisuria ◽  
Karin Vogel ◽  
David C. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Filler Particle Size ◽  
Composite Filler ◽  
Particle Size And Shape

Effect of filler-particle size on the cleavage strength of elastomers

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Kanel' ◽  
Z. G. Tolstikova ◽  
A. V. Utkin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Filler Particle Size ◽  
Cleavage Strength
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