Size-controlled atomically precise copper nanoclusters: Synthetic protocols, spectroscopic properties and applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmal Kumar Das ◽  
Saptarshi Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
New Class ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures ◽  
Size Controlled

Abstract Noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) are a new class of nanomaterials which are considered being a missing link between isolated metal atoms and metal nanoparticles (NPs). The sizes of the NCs are comparable to the Fermi wavelength of the conduction electrons, and this renders them to be luminescent in nature. They exhibit size-dependent fluorescence properties spanning almost the entire breath of the visible spectrum. Among all the noble metal NCs being explored, copper NCs (CuNCs) are the most rarely investigated primarily because of their propensity of getting oxidised. In this chapter, we have given a comprehensive understanding as to why these NCs are luminescent in nature. We have also given a detailed overview regarding the various templates used for the synthesis of these CuNCs along with the respective protocols being followed. The various instrumental techniques used to characterize these CuNCs are discussed which provides an in-depth understanding as to how these CuNCs can be properly examined. Finally, we have highlighted some of the most recent applications of these CuNCs which make them unique to serve as the next-generation fluorophores. Graphical Abstract: The Graphical Abstract highlights some of the key spectroscopic signatures of the CuNCs and their applications.

Fabrication of Fluorescent Cellular Probes: Hybrid Dendrimer/Gold Nanoclusters

2007 ◽  
Vol 1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Zhong ◽  
Yuping Bao ◽  
Dung M. Vu ◽  
R. Brian Dyer ◽  
Jennifer S. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Metal Atoms

ABSTRACTFluorescent metal nanoclusters, which consist of collections of small numbers of noble metal atoms, are of great interest in photochemistry and photophysics due to their strong size-dependent emission. Historically their generation was confined to gaseous and solid phases; however, recently a unique organic/inorganic hybrid materials approach was developed that utilizes dendrimers as templates to protect nanoclusters from solution based fluorescence quenching. These hybrid dendrimer/gold nanoclusters are water-soluble and highly fluorescent. Yet there are several intrinsic deficiencies in their synthetic method: first, NaBH4, a toxic chemical, was used as reducing agent in the reaction; and second, the reaction yield was low due to the concurrent formation of large, non-emissive, gold particles. Here we report a particle-free method to produce dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoclusters in high-yield. Proof of concept is demonstrated using OH-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer and Au(PX3)3Cl (X = Ph, Me), but the approach can also be extended to the combination of other dendrimers and organic noble metal salts. Our approach yields fluorescent clusters with homogeneous size distribution. These clusters can be transferred to aqueous solution and used directly for biological applications.

Symmetry Breaking and the Turn-On Fluorescence of Small, Highly Strained Carbon Nanohoops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Lovell ◽  
Curtis Colwell ◽  
Lev N. Zakharov ◽  
Ramesh Jasti
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
P Systems ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
New Class ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Conjugated Macrocycles ◽  
Structural Manipulation ◽  
Highly Strained

<p>[<i>n</i>]Cycloparaphenylenes, or “carbon nanohoops,” are unique conjugated macrocycles with radially oriented p-systems similar to those in carbon nanotubes. The centrosymmetric nature and conformational rigidity of these molecules lead to unusual size-dependent photophysical characteristics. To investigate these effects further and expand the family of possible structures, a new class of related carbon nanohoops with broken symmetry is disclosed. In these structures, referred to as <i>meta</i>[<i>n</i>]cycloparaphenylenes, a single carbon-carbon bond is shifted by one position in order to break the centrosymmetric nature of the parent [<i>n</i>]cycloparaphenylenes. Advantageously, the symmetry breaking leads to bright emission in the smaller nanohoops, which are typically non-fluorescent due to optical selection rules. Moreover, this simple structural manipulation retains one of the most unique features of the nanohoop structures-size dependent emissive properties with relatively large extinction coefficents and quantum yields. Inspired by earlier theoretical work by Tretiak and co-workers, this joint synthetic, photophysical, and theoretical study provides further design principles to manipulate the optical properties of this growing class of molecules with radially oriented p-systems.</p>

Symmetry Breaking and the Turn-On Fluorescence of Small, Highly Strained Carbon Nanohoops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Lovell ◽  
Curtis Colwell ◽  
Lev N. Zakharov ◽  
Ramesh Jasti
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
P Systems ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
New Class ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Conjugated Macrocycles ◽  
Structural Manipulation ◽  
Highly Strained

<p>[<i>n</i>]Cycloparaphenylenes, or “carbon nanohoops,” are unique conjugated macrocycles with radially oriented p-systems similar to those in carbon nanotubes. The centrosymmetric nature and conformational rigidity of these molecules lead to unusual size-dependent photophysical characteristics. To investigate these effects further and expand the family of possible structures, a new class of related carbon nanohoops with broken symmetry is disclosed. In these structures, referred to as <i>meta</i>[<i>n</i>]cycloparaphenylenes, a single carbon-carbon bond is shifted by one position in order to break the centrosymmetric nature of the parent [<i>n</i>]cycloparaphenylenes. Advantageously, the symmetry breaking leads to bright emission in the smaller nanohoops, which are typically non-fluorescent due to optical selection rules. Moreover, this simple structural manipulation retains one of the most unique features of the nanohoop structures-size dependent emissive properties with relatively large extinction coefficents and quantum yields. Inspired by earlier theoretical work by Tretiak and co-workers, this joint synthetic, photophysical, and theoretical study provides further design principles to manipulate the optical properties of this growing class of molecules with radially oriented p-systems.</p>

scholarly journals Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida-type interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taehyun Kim ◽  
In Ho Cha ◽  
Yong Jin Kim ◽  
Gyu Won Kim ◽  
Andrey Stashkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Indirect Exchange ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Interfacial Modification ◽  
Coupling Phenomena ◽  
Moriya Interaction

AbstractThe manipulation of magnetization with interfacial modification using various spin-orbit coupling phenomena has been recently revisited due to its scientific and technological potential for next-generation memory devices. Herein, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction characteristics penetrating through a MgO dielectric layer inserted between the Pt and CoFeSiB. The inserted MgO layer seems to function as a chiral exchange interaction mediator of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction from the heavy metal atoms to ferromagnet ones. The potential physical mechanism of the anti-symmetric exchange is based on the tunneling-like behavior of conduction electrons through the semi-conductor-like ultrathin MgO. Such behavior can be correlated with the oscillations of the indirect exchange coupling of the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida type. From the theoretical demonstration, we could provide approximate estimation and show qualitative trends peculiar to the system under investigation.

scholarly journals Induction of apoptosis in Trypanosoma brucei following endocytosis of ultra-small noble metal nanoclusters

Nano Today ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 101122
Author(s):  
Xinyi Wang ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Naiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoclusters

scholarly journals Lanthanide Ions Sensitization by Small Noble Metal Nanoclusters

ACS Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Vanzan ◽  
Tiziana Cesca ◽  
Boris Kalinic ◽  
Chiara Maurizio ◽  
Giovanni Mattei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoclusters

On the stability of noble-metal nanoclusters protected with thiolate ligands

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 56002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cercis Morera-Boado ◽  
Francisco Hidalgo ◽  
Cecilia Noguez
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Thiolate Ligands ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoclusters

Highly Size-Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanoclusters by Inert-Gas Condensation for Nano-Devices

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3667-3670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Il-Suk Kang ◽  
Hyun-Sang Seo ◽  
Deuk-Han Kim ◽  
Taek-Yeong Lee ◽  
Jun-Mo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inert Gas ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoclusters ◽  
Gas Condensation ◽  
Inert Gas Condensation ◽  
Size Controlled
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