Pteridines, LXXXVIII. Oxidations and Reactions of 2- and 4-Thiolumazine Derivatives. Synthesis and Properties of Pteridine-Sulfinates and -sulfonates

Pteridines ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bartke ◽  
Wolfgang Pfleiderer
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Hydroxy Derivative ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Displacement Reactions ◽  
Pka Determination

Summary Selective oxidations of 2-thiolumazines (10-12) by H20 2 and KMn04 respectively in basic medium led to the corresponding stable pteridin-4-one-2-sulfinates (13-15) and -sulfonates (16-18), which can be isolated in the form of their potassium salts. On oxidation of 6,7-diphenyl-2-thiolumazine (12) with 1 equivalent of H20 2 resulted the 6,7-diphenyl-pteridin-4-one-2-sulfenate (22), which is regarded as an intermediate in the formation of the sulfinates. Characterization was done by elemental analysis, pKa determination, and UV-, IR- and IH-NMR-spectra.Acid and base hydrolyse the sulfinate and sulfonate groups to the 2-hydroxy derivative. Treatment of the pteridin-4-one-2-sulfinate with strong anhydrous acids such as formic acid or sulfuric acid affects S02 elimination to the corresponding 2-H-pteridin-4-one (19-21).The oxidative desulfurization of 2-thiolumazines can be achieved directly with H20 2 and m-chloroperbenzoic acid in formic acid. Analogously nucleophilic displacement reactions of the 2-thione group proceeded under mild conditions by H20 2 oxidation in the presence of various amines to give the corresponding pterin derivatives (25.-;-32, 36-39). 6,7-Diphenyl-4-thiolumazine (44) shows similar reactions on oxidation in the presence of amines (43, 54), but the corresponding 4-sulfinate and sulfonate are too unstable in this series to be isolated. S02 elimination does not take place since hydrolysis is the preferred reaction mode.

Pteridines CX

Pteridines ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Traub ◽  
Wolfgang Pfleiderer
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Displacement Reactions ◽  
Amide Acetals

Summary A series of new 6-substituted 2,4-diaminopteridines (3-23) and pterins (26-43) have been synthesized by nucleophilic displacement reactions at the side chain of 6-bromomethyl-2,4-diaminopteridine (2) and 6- bromomethylpterin (25) using various types of 0-, N- and S-nucleophiles. Acid and base hydrolyses allow easy conversion of the 2,4-diaminopteridines (3-5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 19-21 and 23) into the corresponding pterins (26-32, 39-42). Acylations take place at the amino as well as at the functional groups in the side chain (44-46). A versatile protection of the amino group in pterins is its transformation into the N ,N -dimethylaminomethylcnimino function by amide-acetals (47, 50) allowing subsequently selective acylations at the side chain (48, 49).

Pteridines, IXC. Synthesis, Oxidations and Reactions of 6- and 7-Hydroxy-2-thiolumazines Selective Cytotoxicity of Carboxypeptidase-activated Methotrexate ex-Peptides

Pteridines ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bartke ◽  
Wolfgang Pfleiderer
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Methyl Derivative ◽  
Selective Cytotoxicity ◽  
Temperature Form ◽  
Elemental Analyses

Summary Various 6-(10, 11) and 7-hydroxy-2-thiolumazines (8,9) have been synthesized and oxidations of the thioamide function studied . H20 2 Oxidation of 7-hydroxy-2-thiolumazine (8) in basic medium leads to pteridine-4,7- dione-2-sulfinate (12), which eliminates S02 in anhydrous acids. Oxidative desulfurization of 8 and its 8- methyl derivative 9 proceeds directly in formic acid with H20 2 and m-chloroperbenzoic acid to give 16 and 17 respectively. KMn04 oxidation forms the pteridine-4,7,dione-2-sulfonates (14, 15), which react under hydrolytic conditions to give the corresponding 2-hydroxy derivtives (18, 19) and on displacement with ammonium acetate/ammonia at elevated temperature form the pterin derivatives 20 and 21.2-Thio-pteridine-4,6-dione (10) oxidizes also to the corresponding 2-sulfonate (22), which could only be isolated after addition of potassium bisulfite in the form of the dipotassium 7,8-dihydropteridine-4,6-dione- 2,7-disulfonate (23) adduct.The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, pKa determinations, UVand IH-NMR-spectra.

TEM visualization of surface replicated acid and base catalyzed sol-gel glasses

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 448-449
Author(s):  
George C. Ruben ◽  
Merrill W. Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Glass Transition Point ◽  
Structural Space ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Organometallic Precursors ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Gel Glasses ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Traditionally ceramics have been shaped from powders and densified at temperatures close to their liquid point. New processing methods using various types of sols, gels, and organometallic precursors at low temperature which enable densificatlon at elevated temperatures well below their liquidus, hold the promise of producing ceramics and glasses of controlled and reproducible properties that are highly reliable for electronic, structural, space or medical applications. Ultrastructure processing of silicon alkoxides in acid medium and mixtures of Ludox HS-40 (120Å spheres from DuPont) and Kasil (38% K2O &62% SiO2) in basic medium have been aimed at producing materials with a range of well defined pore sizes (∼20-400Å) to study physical phenomena and materials behavior in well characterized confined geometries. We have studied Pt/C surface replicas of some of these porous sol-gels prepared at temperatures below their glass transition point.

The gas phase reactivity of the dimethylchloronium ion with alkylbenzenes

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (15) ◽  
pp. 2412-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Stone ◽  
Margaret S. Lin ◽  
Jeffrey Varah
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Displacement Reactions ◽  
Bonded Complexes

The reactivity of the dimethylchloronium ion with a series of aromatic hydrocarbons has been studied in a high pressure mass spectrometer ion source using the technique of reactant ion monitoring. Benzene is unreactive but all others, from toluene to mesitylene, react by CH3+ transfer to yield σ-bonded complexes. The relative rate of reaction increases with increasing exothermicity in line with current theories of nucleophilic displacement reactions.

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