Human action in narrative grammars

Semiotica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (214) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Pavel
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Meaning

AbstractAfter sketching out a history of twentieth-century structuralist linguistics and poetics, the article presents Greimas’s theoretical contribution to the semiotic study of narratives at various levels, including actants, actors and their kinds of competence, the semiotic square that gives narratives their general meaning, the variety of figures employed, and the thematic fields evoked.

EUGENISTAS E CULTURALISTAS NO ESTUDO DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS EM PERNAMBUCO / EUGENISTS AND CULTURALISTS IN THE STUDY OF AFRO-BRAZILIAN RELIGIONS IN PERNAMBUCO

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Zuleica Dantas Pereira Campos
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Black People ◽  
History Of Psychiatry ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Construction ◽  
Afro Brazilian

Nosso trabalho tem como proposta problematizar o pensamento dos intelectuais que pensaram as religiões afro-brasileiras em Pernambuco na primeira metade do século XX. Dessa forma analisaremos o que fez as religiões de origem africana serem alvo de diferentes formas de relações, com os intelectuais, e que tipos de práticas e de saberes instituídos foram apropriados e reinterpretados por esses grupos religiosos no sentido de vencer resistências e fazer circular suas “práticas”. Os intelectuais são analisados através de duas vertentes: a primeira, formada por médicos psiquiatras que concebiam a questão do negro utilizando-se do aporte teórico eugenista; e a segunda, constituída por sociólogos, jornalistas, romancistas, antropólogos, entre outros, que pensaram essa problemática, numa perspectiva que tentava romper com a construção teórica, trocando o conceito de “raça” pelo de “cultura”.Palavras chave: intelectuais, religiões afro-brasileiras, teorias, história da psiquiatriaAbstractOur work has as proposal to problematize the thoughts of the intellectuals that scrutinized Afro-Brazilian religions in Pernambuco on the first half of the twentieth century. Henceforth we will analyze what made religions of African origin the target of different forms of relations with the intellectuals and what kinds of practices and knowledges were appropriated and reinterpreted by these religious groups in order to overcome resistance and circulate their " Practices. " The intellectuals are analyzed through two aspects: the first, formed by psychiatrists who conceived the question of black people using the eugenist theoretical contribution; and the second, made up of sociologists, journalists, novelists, anthropologists, among others, who thought of this problem, in a perspective that tried to break with the theoretical construction, changing the concept of "race" to "culture".Keywords: Intellectuals, Afro-Brazilian religions, theories, history of psychiatry

Cultural Landscapes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Head
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geographic Differences

This article explores the idea of cultural landscapes. The term ‘cultural landscape’ is widely recognized as a description of a region of the earth that has been transformed by human action. This article explores the history of the idea of cultural landscapes, focusing on two dichotomies. The first is the dichotomy between materiality and symbolism; from highly material beginnings in the early twentieth century, the second is the dichotomy between nature and culture, concepts treated as oppositional for much of this history. It then examines some of the geographic differences, with particular attention to Australian and Scandinavian examples. The next section explores what happens when the cultural landscape idea itself becomes materialized, in the form of land and heritage management frameworks. The final section presents a recent critique of the cultural landscape concept and asks whether it is possible to go beyond the dichotomies, and whether the concept retains any usefulness.

Hard Objects in George Oppen's Discrete Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-517
Author(s):  
Ned Hercock
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ludwig Wittgenstein ◽  
Discrete Series ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
John Ruskin ◽  
Gerard Manley Hopkins ◽  
Marcel Duchamp ◽  
The World ◽  
Production History ◽  
History Of

This essay examines the objects in George Oppen's Discrete Series (1934). It considers their primary property to be their hardness – many of them have distinctively uniform and impenetrable surfaces. This hardness and uniformity is contrasted with 19th century organicism (Gerard Manley Hopkins and John Ruskin). Taking my cue from Kirsten Blythe Painter I show how in their work with hard objects these poems participate within a wider cultural and philosophical turn towards hardness in the early twentieth century (Marcel Duchamp, Adolf Loos, Ludwig Wittgenstein and others). I describe the thinking these poems do with regard to industrialization and to human experience of a resolutely object world – I argue that the presentation of these objects bears witness to the production history of the type of objects which in this era are becoming preponderant in parts of the world. Finally, I suggest that the objects’ impenetrability offers a kind of anti-aesthetic relief: perception without conception. If ‘philosophy recognizes the Concept in everything’ it is still possible, these poems show, to experience resistance to this imperious process of conceptualization. Within thinking objects (poems) these are objects which do not think.

Review: Urban Latino Cultures: La Vida Latina en LA by Gustavo Leclerc, Raúl Villa, and Michael J. Dear (eds.)

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Catherine S. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crime Wave ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
The City ◽  
History Of Los Angeles

Throughout the twentieth century (and now the twenty-first), the specter of a Latina/o past, present, and future has haunted the myth of Los Angeles as a sunny, bucolic paradise. At the same time it has loomed behind narratives of the city as a dystopic, urban nightmare. In the 1940s Carey McWilliams pointed to the fabrication of a “Spanish fantasy heritage” that made Los Angeles the bygone home of fair señoritas, genteel caballeros and benevolent mission padres. Meanwhile, the dominant Angeleno press invented a “zoot” (read Mexican-American) crime wave. Unlike the aristocratic, European Californias/os of lore, the Mexican/American “gangsters” of the 1940s were described as racial mongrels. What's more, the newspapers explicitly identified them as the sons and daughters of immigrants-thus eliding any link they may have had to the Californias/os of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries or to the history of Los Angeles in general.

Queering Musical Biography in the Writings of Edward Prime-Stevenson and Rosa Newmarch

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-118
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Franseen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Benjamin Britten ◽  
Twentieth Century Music ◽  
History Of ◽  
Music Research ◽  
Symphonic Music ◽  
Biographical Knowledge

Beginning with the “open secret” of Benjamin Britten and Peter Pears's relationship and continuing through debates over Handel's and Schubert's sexuality and analyses of Ethel Smyth's memoirs, biography has played a central role in the development of queer musicology. At the same time, life-writing's focus on extramusical details and engagement with difficult-to-substantiate anecdotes and rumors often seem suspect to scholars. In the case of early-twentieth-century music research, however, these very gaps and ambiguities paradoxically offered some authors and readers at the time rare spaces for approaching questions of sexuality in music. Issues of subjectivity in instrumental music aligned well with rumors about autobiographical confession within Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 (Pathétique) for those who knew how to listen and read between the lines. This article considers the different ways in which the framing of biographical anecdotes and gossip in scholarship by music critic-turned-amateur sexologist Edward Prime-Stevenson and Tchaikovsky scholar Rosa Newmarch allowed for queer readings of symphonic music. It evaluates Prime-Stevenson's discussions of musical biography and interpretation in The Intersexes (1908/9) and Newmarch's Tchaikovsky: His Life and Works (1900), translation of Modest Tchaikovsky's biography, and article on the composer in Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians to explore how they addressed potentially taboo topics, engaged with formal and informal sources of biographical knowledge (including one another's work), and found their scholarly voices in the absence of academic frameworks for addressing gender and sexuality. While their overt goals were quite different—Newmarch sought to dismiss “sensationalist” rumors about Tchaikovsky's death for a broad readership, while Prime-Stevenson used queer musical gossip as a primary source in his self-published history of homosexuality—both grappled with questions of what can and cannot be read into a composer's life and works and how to relate to possible queer meanings in symphonic music. The very aspects of biography that place it in a precarious position as scholarship ultimately reveal a great deal about the history of musicology and those who write it.

“The History of Scottish Theology, Volume 3: The Long Twentieth Century” edited by David Fergusson and Mark W. Elliott

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Philip D. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of

Review of David Fergusson and Mark W. Elliot, eds., The History of Scottish Theology, Volume 3: The Long Twentieth Century (Oxford: OUP, 2019), pp. xii+373, ISBN 978-0198759355. £95.00

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