scholarly journals Estimation of Clonal Variation in Seed Cone Production Over Time in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Seed Orchard

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Kroon ◽  
Ulfstand Wennström ◽  
Finnvid Prescher ◽  
Dag Lindgren ◽  
Tim J. Mullin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Single Observation ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Seed Cone ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Possibilities for early selection of clones for future seed cone production were studied in a clonal seed orchard of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in northern Sweden over the first 30 years following establishment. The annual data were modelled as series of bivariate analyses. The correlations between cone production of clones in any individual year and that of a previous year, and cumulative cone production over all years were studied. The corresponding multivariate analysis for a full data fit simultaneously was best estimated with a genetic distance-based power model (AR). The genetic (variation among clones) and environmental variation were of the same magnitude. The genetic correlations were larger than the phenotypic correlations and both increased with orchard age. Basing selection of clones on a single observation at an early age to improve future cone production was not effective, but efficiency increased if cumulative cone count over many years was used. Year-to-year genetic correlations indicated that early forecasts by clone of cone production at mature ages are highly uncertain. Reliable predictions (moderate correlations) could be achieved only if based on rather mature grafts, 14 or more years after establishment.

Gibberellin A4/7 enhances seed-cone production in field-grown black spruce

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong H. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Lateral Shoot ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Seed Cone ◽  
Vegetative Bud ◽  
Needle Primordia

Black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) grafts growing in a seed orchard were sprayed with gibberellin A4/7, and grafts and trees in families growing in arboreta were sprayed with gibberellin A4/7 and (or) vitamin E from vegetative bud burst to the end of shoot elongation. Gibberellin A4/7 was very effective in promoting seed cones and 400 mg/L appeared optimal. Vitamin E at 1000 mg/L was not effective. Vegetative bud burst occurred in mid-May and shoot elongation ended in late June. Needle primordia were visible on the apices of newly formed buds at the end of June. Reproductive buds had fewer bud scales than vegetative buds. It appeared that potential reproductive buds terminated their bud scale initiation earlier. Gibberellin A4/7 application to promote seed-cone production should be carried out before bud-type differentiation. This coincides with the end of lateral shoot elongation.

scholarly journals Analysis of the genetic structure of a model Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seed orchard for development of management strategies

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Vanek ◽  
Z. Procházková ◽  
MatějkaK
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Clone Identity

Genetic structure, diversity and clonal homogeneity were determined on the basis of the isozyme gene markers in a model Scots pine seed orchard in the north-eastern part of the Czech Republic that originated from natural forest regions NFR 28 and 29 (Jesen&iacute;ky Mts.) and the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> forest altitudinal zones (FAZ). Clone and ramet crop variation for the 2009&ndash;2011 period was assessed. Comparing the loci measured also in two pine orchards in central Slovakia, a similar proportion of homogeneous clones but considerably lower expected heterozygosity were found out for most of the measured isozyme loci. Heterozygosity of the investigated orchard did not change considerably after the exclusion of alien and wrongly placed ramets. No difference in average cone production between clones originating from different NFR was observed. Verification of the clone identity of seed orchards managed in a certain way can be suggested with the subsequent removal of alien ramets.

scholarly journals Are we narrowing genetic variability in seed orchards? An attempt to answer, based on the analysis of microsatellite DNA of grafts growing in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed orchard in the Forest District Susz

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Paweł Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Forest District

Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species in Poland’s forest stands. The mode of pine stands renovation requires that silviculture practitioners have continuous access to seed banks. Orchard-grown seeds are predicted to constitute an increasingly larger part of the average demand for pine seeds in Poland. Seed orchards, due to a limited number of maternal trees as well as the irregularity of their blooming and pollination, enhance the risk of genetic diversity reduction in planted forest stands. This is of particular importance in the context of dynamic climate change. Markers based on microsatellite DNA fragments are effective tools for monitoring genetic variability. In the present study, three different microsatellite DNA fragments were used: SPAC 12.5, SPAG 7.14 and SPAC 11.4. The main objective of this research was to study genetic variability in one of the biggest seed orchards in Poland, located in the Forest District Susz. The obtained results indicated heterozygosity loss within the orchard, proving the existence of specimen selection effects on genetic variability. Hence, it seems quite important to take account of molecular genetic variability of maternal trees in future breeding strategies.

The importance of being the first pollen in the strobili of Scots pine

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2976-2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saila Varis ◽  
Arja Santanen ◽  
Anne Pakkanen ◽  
Pertti Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pine Pollen

Timing of pollen arrival may affect the level of seeds fertilized by pollen from outside seed orchards, especially in seed orchards of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) established in southern Finland with stock from northern populations. We performed sequential pollination experiments with Scots pine pollen collected from seed orchard clones originating from southern and northern Finland and recipient strobili in clones originating from southern Finland. When southern pollen was introduced first, seeds were sired equally by northern and southern genotypes. When northern pollen was introduced first, northern genotypes were found in 75% of the resulting seeds. When both pollen types were introduced at the same time, the resulting seed crop was split almost equally between northern and southern genotypes. These results do not unconditionally support the idea that the first pollen grain in the pollen chamber always fertilizes the ovum; instead, they suggest a more complex way of competition between pollen grains.

scholarly journals Estimating Genetic Parameters for Wood Density of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Fries ◽  
Tore Ericsson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
Annual Rings

Abstract Wood density was analysed and annual ring width was measured on increment cores from 1400 trees in a 30-year-old full-sib progeny test of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in north Sweden. Genetic parameters for wood density were analysed separately for ten outer annual rings, and for simple averages of the five most recent years. The evaluation included genetic correlations with height and stem diameter. Heritabilities of density estimated separately for each annual ring was 0.14-0.26 without any age trend, and jointly for the ten or five latest rings 0.30-0.33; for height growth it was 0.30-0.42 and for stem diameter 0.11-0.13. Additive genetic correlations with height and stem diameter were negative with the simplest statistical model (ȓA = -0.425 and 0.511, respectively) but vanished or diminished when ring width was added as covariate. Density breeding values calculated for the parent trees for each of ten annual rings separately varied considerably between parent trees and between years, tending to increase with increasing age, with a substantial increase between the ages 14 to 16 years from the pith. This age fits well with literature data on the change from juvenile to mature wood. The genetic correlation for wood density between rings from different years was high: ȓA = 0.8 ten years apart, increasing to 1.0 for neighbouring rings. The high genetic correlations for wood density between the innermost and outermost annual rings indicate possible strong covariation between juvenile and/or transition wood and mature wood. The annual variation in wood density in relation to genetic regulation, phenology, environmental conditions, and development from juvenile to mature age is discussed.

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