Vergleich optischer und elektrischer Messungen an Cu-, Ag- und Au-Schichten mit unterschiedlicher Fehlstellenkonzentration / Comparison of Optical and Electrical Measurement on Cu, Ag and Au Films with Different Lattice Defect Concentrations

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1163
Author(s):  
H. Bispinck
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Lattice Defect ◽  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Conduction Electrons

The optical constants, d. c. conductivity and Hall-effect were measured in UHV for evaporated films of Cu, Ag and Au (thickness approx. 100 nm) which were quenched, condensed and stepwise annealed. For the range of wevelengths chosen (0.9 - 2.4 μm), a density of conduction electrons and their damping frequency can be determined from the optical constants by using the Drude theory. If one compares these data with the corresponding electrical measurements, a very similar behavior is shown for the recovery. The electron density increases by a factor 1.3 - 1.6, whereas the damping frequency decreases by a factor 1.7 - 2.8.

Measurement of the optical constants of monolayer MoS2 via the photonic spin Hall effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 111104
Author(s):  
Shizhen Chen ◽  
Xinxing Zhou ◽  
Xiaohui Ling ◽  
Weixing Shu ◽  
Hailu Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Monolayer Mos2

scholarly journals Large Hall and Nernst responses from thermally induced spin chirality in a spin-trimer ferromagnet

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (33) ◽  
pp. e2023588118
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Kolincio ◽  
Max Hirschberger ◽  
Jan Masell ◽  
Shang Gao ◽  
Akiko Kikkawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Hall Conductivity ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Lattice State ◽  
Ferromagnetic Ordering ◽  
Ordering Transition ◽  
Fundamental Units

The long-range order of noncoplanar magnetic textures with scalar spin chirality (SSC) can couple to conduction electrons to produce an additional (termed geometrical or topological) Hall effect. One such example is the Hall effect in the skyrmion lattice state with quantized SSC. An alternative route to attain a finite SSC is via the spin canting caused by thermal fluctuations in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic ordering transition. Here, we report that for a highly conducting ferromagnet with a two-dimensional array of spin trimers, the thermally generated SSC can give rise to a gigantic geometrical Hall conductivity even larger than the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity of the ground state. We also demonstrate that the SSC induced by thermal fluctuations leads to a strong response in the Nernst effect. A comparison of the sign and magnitude of fluctuation–Nernst and Hall responses in fundamental units indicates the need for a momentum–space picture to model these thermally induced signals.

scholarly journals Inspeksi Overhaul Motor Induksi 3 Fasa 1000 KW di PT. Mesindo Tekninesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Akmal Radiansyah ◽  
Albert Gifson
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Mechanical Measurement ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Maintenance Activity ◽  
Polarization Index ◽  
Standard Value

An electric motor that is used continuously will experience a decline in performance and even be damaged, maintenance and repair of electric motors must be done based on standards so that all existing specifications can be met and repairs deserve to be accepted. Where in this case motor repair is done by overhauling, where overhaul is a comprehensive repair or maintenance activity by repairing or replacing parts of electric motors that are damaged. Based on visual data and electrical measurements the decrease in the value of the polarization index (PI) of the induction motor is caused by dirty and moist winding conditions. Overhaul is done in 8 stages, namely; planning, dismantling, electrical measurement, mechanical measurement, electrical action, mechanical action, assembling and no load test running. After overhauling, the result shows that the value of the polarization index (PI) increased by 1.4 from 1.8 to 3.2, which is above the standard value set by IEEE 43.ABSTRAK:Suatu motor listrik yang digunakan terus menerus akan mengalami penurunan performa bahkan rusak, perawatan dan perbaikan motor listrik harus dilakukan berdasarkan standar supaya semua spesifikasi yang ada dapat terpenuhi dan perbaikan layak untuk diterima. Dimana pada kasus ini perbaikan motor diakukan dengan cara overhaul, dimana overhaul merupakan kegiatan perbaikan atau perawatan secara menyeluruh dengan cara memperbaiki atau mengganti bagian dari motor listrik yang mengalami kerusakan. Berdasarkan data visual dan pengukuran elektrik penurunan nilai polarization index (PI) motor induksi disebabkan oleh kondisi winding yang kotor dan lembab. Overhaul dilakukan dengan 8 tahapan, yaitu; planning, dismantling, pengukuran elektrik, pengukuran mekanik, tindakan elektrik, tindakan mekanik, assembling dan running test no load. Setelah overhaul didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai polarization index (PI) meningkat sebesar 1.4 dari sebelumnya 1.8 menjadi 3.2, berada diatas nilai standar yang ditetapkan oleh IEEE 43

The dependence of the hyperfine interaction on the cellular potential in Na and K. II

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 1331-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Moore ◽  
S. H. Vosko
Keyword(s):  
Fermi Surface ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Hartree Fock ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dependent Potential ◽  
Conduction Electron Density

The dependence of the Fermi surface electron wave functions in Na and K on (i) an L-dependent effective local cellular potential constructed to simulate Hartree-Fock theory and (ii) the inclusion of the Hartree field due to the conduction electrons in the cellular potential is investigated. All calculations are performed using the Wigner–Seitz spherical cellular approximation and the Schrödinger equation is solved by the Kohn variational method. It is found that to ensure a value of the Fermi surface electron density at the nucleus accurate to ~5%, it is necessary to use the L-dependent potential along with the Hartree field due to a realistic conduction electron density.

scholarly journals Measurement of electron density in atmospheric pressure argon glow discharge

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
R.B. Tyata ◽  
D.P. Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Half Cycle ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge ◽  
Current Waveform ◽  
High Voltage Power Supply ◽  
Pressure Glow Discharge

In this report, an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) in argon has been invest igated by means of electrical measurement using parallel plate electrodes. The discharge was produced by passing argon gas at controlled f low rate of 1 lit/min, with dielectric barrier of glass between the electrodes. The inter -electrode spacing was varied from 1 mm to 3 mm. The electrical measurement of the discharge showed that there exists only one current pulse per half cycle in the current waveform indicating the formation of glow discharge. Power balance method was applied for the determinat ion of electron density. Our results showed that the electron density in the discharge is of the order of 1010 cm−3 with 26 kHz frequency of high voltage power supply.

scholarly journals All-electrical measurements of direct spin Hall effect in GaAs with Esaki diode electrodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ehlert ◽  
C. Song ◽  
M. Ciorga ◽  
M. Utz ◽  
D. Schuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Esaki Diode

The Impurity Spin-Dependent Scattering Effects in the Transport and Spin Resonance of Conduction Electrons in Bismuth Doped Silicon

2015 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Soukhorukov ◽  
Davud V. Guseinov ◽  
Alexei V. Kudrin ◽  
Sergey A. Popkov ◽  
Alexandra P. Detochenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Relaxation ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Anomalous Hall Effect ◽  
Hall Resistance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Spin Relaxation ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Hall Effect Measurements

Transport and spin relaxation characteristics of the conduction electrons in silicon samples doped with bismuth in the 1.1·1013- 7.7·1015cm-3concentration range were studied by the Hall and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Hall effect measurements in the temperature range 10-80 K showed a deviation from the linear dependence of the Hall resistance in the magnetic field, which is a manifestation of the anomalous Hall effect. The magnetoresistance investigation shows that with current increasing magnetoresistance may change its sign from positive to negative, which is most clearly seen when the bismuth concentration goes up to 7.7·1015cm-3. The conduction electron spin relaxation rate dramatically increases in silicon samples with sufficiently low concentration of bismuth ~ 2·1014cm-3. All these results can be explained in terms of the concept of spin-dependent and spin flip scattering induced by heavy bismuth impurity centers.

Boron Solubility Limits Following Low Temperature Solid Phase Epitaxial Regrowth

2001 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Lindfors ◽  
K. S. Jones ◽  
M. J. Rendon
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Epitaxial Regrowth ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACTThe work described herein focuses on examining the effect of solid phase epitaxial regrowth (SPER) on boron implanted silicon. It is shown that boron levels within the silicon can greatly enhance or reduce the regrowth rate of the silicon. Electrical measurements show optimum sheet resistances for 5 keV, 2×1015 cm−2 implant conditions yielding sheet resistance values of ∼140 Ω/sq at 500 °C annealing to ∼120 Ω/sq at 650 °C. Results using Hall effect and four-point probe show lower doses of boron will become fully active but levels will drop significantly as dose is increased. Lastly, maximum active concentrations of boron appear to reach values of ∼3-4×1020 cm−3 for a boron dose of 1×1015 cm−2 after SPER. Lower SPER anneal temperatures or higher doses tend to activate less boron.

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