Genotoxic Effect of Epirubicin in Mouse Bone Marrow in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuman K. Sen ◽  
Emin Karakas ◽  
Rahmi Bilaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Marrow Cells

The genotoxic effect of epirubicin, a semisynthetic anthracycline antibiotic which has been used as an anticancer drug, was investigated in vivo on bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice using the micronucleus test. To determine the incidence of micronuclei, mice were injected intraperitoneally with the drug at single doses of 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/kg body weight. Then, bone marrow was sampled 18, 24, 36, and 48 h after the treatment. Polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes were examined for the presence of micronuclei. Epirubicin significantly increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) for all treatment periods compared with the negative control (P < 0.001). The frequency of MNPCEs increased with the dose, but at the highest dose used (which is considered to be quite toxic), the frequency of MNPCEs was rather lower. Epirubicin also decreased the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE) for all sampling intervals, which is indicative of bone marrow cytotoxicity. It can be concluded from the present study that the anticancer drug epirubicin has genotoxic effects on mouse bone marrow cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the mutagenic effect of the iodinated contrast medium Urografina® 292 using the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA B.B. BELLE ◽  
DANIELA D. LEFFA ◽  
DALIANE MAZZORANA ◽  
VANESSA M. DE ANDRADE
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Marrow Cells

Contrast media (CM) are frequently used in diagnostic radiology and in radiotherapy as a diagnostic tool and in treatment planning. Previous studies have demonstrated that these compounds induce chromosomal aberrations. This study evaluates the mutagenic effects induced by the contrast medium Urografina® 292 (meglumine amidotrizoate and sodium-ionic dimmer) in bone marrow cells (BMC) of mice in vivo. Micronuclei assay was performed in BMC of CF-1 mice injected with CM 1.5 and 3.0 mL/kg intravenous doses and 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mL/kg intraperitoneal doses. The animals were beheaded 24 h after treatment by cervical dislocation, and femur BMC from each animal were used in the micronucleus test. The group treated with the highest intravenous injection of Urografina® 292 (3.0 mL/kg) presented an increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in relation at the control group (P<0.05). The results obtained after intraperitoneal administration of CM showed that all doses (1.0 mL/kg, 2.0 mL/kg and 3.0 mL/kg) increased the frequency of MNPCEs, being significantly different from the negative control (P< 0.01). The present results suggest that iodinated contrast media Urografina® 292 may cause a significant increase of cytogenetic damage in bone marrow cells of mice.

scholarly journals ESBLs (Extended Spectrum beta Lactamase) DDSM: (Double Disc Synergy Method) NCCL: (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
WAGDI SABEEH SADEQ ◽  
SHIREEN ABED AL-RAZAQ TAHA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Marrow Cells

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Belomycin (BLM) have been evaluated in bone-marroww cells by micronucleus test, as well as the analysis of sperm shape abnormalities in male white mice, considering that BLM is the most wide anticancer drug used with patients. Also, the study includes assessment the effect of crude water and alcoholic extracts of the four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa Linn) in reducing BLM toxicity and the study was carried out  in the Genetics Laboratory of the Department of biology for the period from 1-10-2017 to 1-5-2019.So the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated independently and in conjunction between two different dosages of BLM 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1.bwt. and three orally dosage of different concentration of crud extracts, which is 39.8, 26.52, 13.26 mg.kg-1 and 7.02, 4.68, 2.34 mg.kg-1 o water and alcohol extract respectively. The results of assessment of BLM genotoxic effects showed that the drug caused induction of micronuclei, here were significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNIPCEs) and significant increase in micronuclei(MNI) in the groups treated with 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1 of BLM, compare to negative control at the level of significance P <0.05 On the other hand, the results showed that BLM has potential to induce sperm shape abnormalities, which include head and tail abnormalities, It included an increase in the proportion of morphological abnormalities in the head and tail of the sperm when compared to negative control at the significant level of P <0.05. The results also showed, that treatment with low dosages of four o'clock flower crud extracts didn’t induce neither micronuclei or any increase in PCEs numbers nor sperm shape abnormalities, although some toxic effects do exist with the higher dosages. Evaluation of results from dependent treatments of BLM and different concentrations of water and alcoholic crud extracts, we observed significant role of these extracts in reducing toxic effects of the drug BLM in bone marrow cells, which caused significant decrease in mean differences of MNIPCEs and MNI. More over the results showed significant decrease in mean differences of sperm shape and tail abnormalities compared to negative control. Results of the current study suggest that water and alcoholic four o'clock flower crud extracts have a role in reducing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of BLM in bone-marrow cells and sperms of white mice   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.126

scholarly journals Induction of Micronuclei in Mice Bone Marrow Cells by Cobalt and Copper Chlorides

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Goc Rasgele ◽  
Meral Kekecoglu ◽  
Fulya Dilek Gokalp Muranli
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cobalt Chloride ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Copper Chlorides ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract The aim of our research was to investigate the genotoxic effects of cobalt chloride and copper chloride in mouse bone marrow cells using the micronucleus (MN) assay. The three different concentrations of cobalt chloride (11.2, 22.5 and 45 mg kg-1) and copper chloride (1.17, 2.35 and 4.70 mg kg-1) were injected intraperitoneally to mice for 24 and 48 hours. It was observed that both of these heavy metals induced a significant increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) at different concentrations in mice for 24 and 48 hours when compared with the control. Furthermore, the significant reduction for the polychromatic erythrocyte/normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/NCE) ratio which is indicative of bone marrow cytotoxicity was observed in bone marrow cells which were treated with copper chloride at all concentrations for 24 and 48 hours. No reduction of the PCE/NCE ratio was observed both 24 and 48 hours after all the doses of cobalt chloride tested as compared to the negative control. These results lead us to the conclusion that copper chloride may have genotoxic and cytotoxic properties due to induction in the frequency of MN and a reduction in PCE/NCE ratio in bone marrow cells of mice, whereas cobalt chloride induced only genotoxic effect in mice bone marrow

scholarly journals Genotoxicity Assessment and Protective Effect of Anogeissus leiocarpus Roots against Cyclophosphamide-Induced DNA Damage In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aku Enam Motto ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽  
Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Anogeissus Leiocarpus ◽  
Marrow Cells

Background. Belonging to the family of Combretaceae, the roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus are traditionally used to treat diabetes, wounds, infections, pain, and gastrointestinal diseases. To our knowledge, no genotoxicity assessment of the plant was reported. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the potential genotoxic and protective effects of extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus roots using the micronucleus test on mice bone marrow cells in vivo. Methods. Three different concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 mg·kg−1) of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. leiocarpus were administered daily for 7 days per os to mice, and the genotoxicity was induced by the administration ip of cyclophosphamide. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by counting, respectively, the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice. Results. The administration of A. leiocarpus did neither increase the ratio of the polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) nor the frequency of micronucleated PCE (MNPCE) significantly in the bone marrow cells of the mice, compared to the vehicle control animals. However, a significant increase in the incidence of MNPCE in the bone marrow cell of the cyclophosphamide-treated mice was found. Moreover, in the groups treated with the total extract of A. leiocarpus at different doses plus cyclophosphamide, there was a significant decrease p < 0.0001 in MNPCEs compared to the positive controls, in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion. This first finding reports that the extract of A. leiocarpus was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic. However, it shows a protective effect against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide.

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