scholarly journals Evaluation of the mutagenic effect of the iodinated contrast medium Urografina® 292 using the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA B.B. BELLE ◽  
DANIELA D. LEFFA ◽  
DALIANE MAZZORANA ◽  
VANESSA M. DE ANDRADE
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Marrow Cells

Contrast media (CM) are frequently used in diagnostic radiology and in radiotherapy as a diagnostic tool and in treatment planning. Previous studies have demonstrated that these compounds induce chromosomal aberrations. This study evaluates the mutagenic effects induced by the contrast medium Urografina® 292 (meglumine amidotrizoate and sodium-ionic dimmer) in bone marrow cells (BMC) of mice in vivo. Micronuclei assay was performed in BMC of CF-1 mice injected with CM 1.5 and 3.0 mL/kg intravenous doses and 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mL/kg intraperitoneal doses. The animals were beheaded 24 h after treatment by cervical dislocation, and femur BMC from each animal were used in the micronucleus test. The group treated with the highest intravenous injection of Urografina® 292 (3.0 mL/kg) presented an increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in relation at the control group (P<0.05). The results obtained after intraperitoneal administration of CM showed that all doses (1.0 mL/kg, 2.0 mL/kg and 3.0 mL/kg) increased the frequency of MNPCEs, being significantly different from the negative control (P< 0.01). The present results suggest that iodinated contrast media Urografina® 292 may cause a significant increase of cytogenetic damage in bone marrow cells of mice.

Genotoxic Effect of Epirubicin in Mouse Bone Marrow in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuman K. Sen ◽  
Emin Karakas ◽  
Rahmi Bilaloglu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Marrow Cells

The genotoxic effect of epirubicin, a semisynthetic anthracycline antibiotic which has been used as an anticancer drug, was investigated in vivo on bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice using the micronucleus test. To determine the incidence of micronuclei, mice were injected intraperitoneally with the drug at single doses of 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/kg body weight. Then, bone marrow was sampled 18, 24, 36, and 48 h after the treatment. Polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes were examined for the presence of micronuclei. Epirubicin significantly increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) for all treatment periods compared with the negative control (P < 0.001). The frequency of MNPCEs increased with the dose, but at the highest dose used (which is considered to be quite toxic), the frequency of MNPCEs was rather lower. Epirubicin also decreased the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE) for all sampling intervals, which is indicative of bone marrow cytotoxicity. It can be concluded from the present study that the anticancer drug epirubicin has genotoxic effects on mouse bone marrow cells.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of pan masala employing chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells of the mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
BN Mojidra ◽  
K. Archana ◽  
AK Gautam ◽  
Y. Verma ◽  
BC Lakkad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marrow Cells

Pan masala is commonly consumed in south-east Asian and other oriental countries as an alternate of tobacco chewing and smoking. Genotoxic potential of pan masala (pan masala plain and pan masala with tobacco known as gutkha) was evaluated employing chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) assay in vivo. Animals were exposed to three different doses (0.5%, 1.5% and 3%) of pan masala plain (PMP) and gutkha (PMT) through feed for a period of 6 months and micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations were studied in the bone marrow cells. Induction of mean micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) and normochromatic erythrocyte (MNNCE) was higher in both types of pan masala treated groups with respect to control group. Both pan masala plain and gutkha treatment significantly induced the frequency of MNPCE and MNNCE in the bone marrow cells, indicating the genotoxic potential. Furthermore, slight decline in the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was also noticed, suggesting the cytotoxic potential even though the ratio was statistically non significant. A dose-dependent, significant increase in chromosome aberration was observed in both types of pan masala treated mice with respect to control. However, no significant difference in micronucleus and chromosomal aberration induction was noticed between two types of pan masala exposed (PMP and PMT) groups. Results suggest that both types of pan masala, i.e. plain and gutkha, have genotoxic potential.

scholarly journals Clastogenic Effects of Glyphosate in Bone Marrow Cells of Swiss Albino Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahdeo Prasad ◽  
Smita Srivastava ◽  
Madhulika Singh ◽  
Yogeshwer Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Marrow Cells

Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine,C3H8NO5P), a herbicide, used to control unwanted annual and perennial plants all over the world. Nevertheless, occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides can pose a threat to nontarget species including human beings. Therefore, in the present study, genotoxic effects of the herbicide glyphosate were analyzed by measuring chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN) in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. A single dose of glyphosate was given intraperitoneally (i.p) to the animals at a concentration of 25 and 50 mg/kg b.wt. Animals of positive control group were injectedi.p. benzo(a)pyrene (100 mg/kg b.wt., once only), whereas, animals of control (vehicle) group were injectedi.p. dimethyl sulfoxide (0.2mL). Animals from all the groups were sacrificed at sampling times of 24, 48, and 72 hours and their bone marrow was analyzed for cytogenetic and chromosomal damage. Glyphosate treatment significantly increases CAs and MN induction at both treatments and time compared with the vehicle control (P<.05). The cytotoxic effects of glyphosate were also evident, as observed by significant decrease in mitotic index (MI). The present results indicate that glyphosate is clastogenic and cytotoxic to mouse bone marrow.

scholarly journals ESBLs (Extended Spectrum beta Lactamase) DDSM: (Double Disc Synergy Method) NCCL: (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
WAGDI SABEEH SADEQ ◽  
SHIREEN ABED AL-RAZAQ TAHA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Marrow Cells

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Belomycin (BLM) have been evaluated in bone-marroww cells by micronucleus test, as well as the analysis of sperm shape abnormalities in male white mice, considering that BLM is the most wide anticancer drug used with patients. Also, the study includes assessment the effect of crude water and alcoholic extracts of the four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa Linn) in reducing BLM toxicity and the study was carried out  in the Genetics Laboratory of the Department of biology for the period from 1-10-2017 to 1-5-2019.So the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated independently and in conjunction between two different dosages of BLM 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1.bwt. and three orally dosage of different concentration of crud extracts, which is 39.8, 26.52, 13.26 mg.kg-1 and 7.02, 4.68, 2.34 mg.kg-1 o water and alcohol extract respectively. The results of assessment of BLM genotoxic effects showed that the drug caused induction of micronuclei, here were significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNIPCEs) and significant increase in micronuclei(MNI) in the groups treated with 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1 of BLM, compare to negative control at the level of significance P <0.05 On the other hand, the results showed that BLM has potential to induce sperm shape abnormalities, which include head and tail abnormalities, It included an increase in the proportion of morphological abnormalities in the head and tail of the sperm when compared to negative control at the significant level of P <0.05. The results also showed, that treatment with low dosages of four o'clock flower crud extracts didn’t induce neither micronuclei or any increase in PCEs numbers nor sperm shape abnormalities, although some toxic effects do exist with the higher dosages. Evaluation of results from dependent treatments of BLM and different concentrations of water and alcoholic crud extracts, we observed significant role of these extracts in reducing toxic effects of the drug BLM in bone marrow cells, which caused significant decrease in mean differences of MNIPCEs and MNI. More over the results showed significant decrease in mean differences of sperm shape and tail abnormalities compared to negative control. Results of the current study suggest that water and alcoholic four o'clock flower crud extracts have a role in reducing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of BLM in bone-marrow cells and sperms of white mice   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.126

scholarly journals Antimutagenic Activity of Cassia Auriculata Linn Fractions along with Anticancer Activity in Male Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 216-228
Author(s):  
Shailesh M. Kewatkar ◽  
Dipak V Bhusari ◽  
Madhav Chakolkar ◽  
Amit Joshi ◽  
Shirish P. Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Tumor Promotion ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Cassia Auriculata ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Marrow Cells

Background: In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in studying plant-derived materials and their impact on DNA. Herbal products include a number of natural substances that may help protect cells against mutagen-induced cell damage. Aim: The purpose of this research was to assess the genotoxic effects of Cassia Auriculata Linn flavonoids (CAF) and Cassia Auriculata Linn saponin (CAS) rich fractions on mouse bone marrow cells utilizing chromosomal aberration test and micronucleus assay. Methodology: The suppressive impact of CAF and CAS on 7, 12-dimethylbenz (α) anthracene (DMBA) and Croton oil induced skin tumor promotion in mice with topical administration twice weekly for 18 weeks is also investigated in this work. Three dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight were used. Single oral dosages of CAF and CAS Fraction at the three levels did not enhance the number of micronucleate polychromatic erythrocytes in the micronucleus experiment. Result: In mice bone marrow cells, a single oral treatment of CAF and CAS fraction revealed no significant alterations in mitotic indices or chromosomal aberration induction. The clastogenicity of CYP was considerably decreased by pretreatment with CAF and CAS fraction. As a result, it can be stated that CAF and CAS fraction had no genotoxic impact on mouse bone marrow cells. Conclusions: The portions of Cassia Auriculata have been shown to be non-genotoxic and non-clastogenic at the quantities utilized in this investigation. CAF and CAS Fraction might possibly be a promising skin tumor promotion reducing agent, according to this research.

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