scholarly journals Efectos letales y subletales de acaricidas sintéticos en ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Esaú Ruiz Sánchez ◽  
Marcos Cua Basulto ◽  
Horacio Ballina Gómez ◽  
Wilberth Chan Cupul ◽  
Arturo Reyes Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar en laboratorio la toxicidad de acaricidas sintéticos en los ácaros Phytoseiidae Amblyseius swirskii y Neoseiulus californicus, y determinar mediante meta-análisis de estudios publicados los efectos subletales de acaricidas en especies de la familia Phytoseiidae. En las evaluaciones de laboratorio se observó que spirodiclofen, fenpiroximato y acequinocyl mostraron los valores más bajos de CL50 y CL90. Al comparar las concentraciones recomendadas en campo, spirodiclofen tendría mayor efecto tóxico sobre los ácaros depredadores evaluados, que sobre ácaros fitófagos. Por su parte, el meta-análisis mostró que todos los acaricidas, tienen efectos negativos en la supervivencia, fecundidad y periodo de oviposición. Los acaricidas inhibidores de respiración mitocondrial denominados METI I, presentaron mayores efectos negativos en estas variables, en especial en los géneros Neoseiulus y Phytoseius. Los acaricidas sintéticos de nueva generación tienen efectos tóxicos letales y efectos subletales en ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae.

scholarly journals AGGRESSIVENESS AND PREDATION PREFERENCE OF PREDATORY MITES AMBLYSEIUS SWIRSKII (ATHIAS-HENRIOT), NEOSEIULUS CALIFORNICUS (MCGREGOR) AND PHYTOSEIULUS PERSIMILIS (ATHIAS-HENRIOT) (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) TOWARDS TO HETEROSPECIFIC LARVAE

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Somayeh Haghani ◽  
Azadeh Zahedi Golpayegani ◽  
Alireza Saboori ◽  
Hossein Allahrari
Keyword(s):  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Behavioral characteristics such as aggressiveness and predation preference of the phytoseiid predatory species, Amblyseius swirskii, Neoseiulus californicus and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) were investigated when applied together. We quantified the chance and time of a successful attack to a heterospecific larva as aggressiveness of adult females. In order to the determine the predation preference of adult females equal combination of con/heterospecific larvae were presented to as prey in absence of their main prey (Tetranychus urticae Koch) for 24 h. Experiments were carried out in growth chamber at 25±1 ºC, 65±5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) hour photoperiod regimens. The results showed that adult females of N. californicus needed 39.65±7.46 min. to attack and kill the larva of P. persimilis which was remarkably less than that recorded (227.80±28.38 min.) for adult females of P. persimilis to attack and kill N. californicus larva. N. californicus was estimated more aggressive than P. persimilis. The mean estimated attack time of A. swirskii and P. persimilis was estimated 18.55±2.89 and 201.70±25.42 min., respectively. A. swirskii was considered more aggressive than P. persimilis against heterospecific larvae. The predation preference index (Manly´s β) were indicated that N. californicus was able to recognize con/heterospecific larva, resulted more preference for heterospecific larvae (P. persimilis) in absence of T. urticae, while adult P. persimilis showed no preference (between con and heterospecific larva). Manly´s β, for A. swirskii was 0.706 and 0.294, for P. persimilis 0.369 and 0.630 on hetero and conspecific larvae, respectively. Results of this study showed that, A. swirskii and N. californicus are general predators were able to roecgnize con/heterospecific larva and preferred to feed on heterospecific larvae and get benefit from intraguild predation.

scholarly journals Intraguild predation in three generalist predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten M. Momen ◽  
Amira Abdel-Khalek
Keyword(s):  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Intraguild Predator

Abstract Background The predatory mites, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor), N. barkeri (Hughes), and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, are important predators attacking many insect and mite pests. They can coexist in the same habitat and engage in intraguild predation (IGP). Main body IGP was assessed among the exotic one N. californicus and the native species N. barkeri and A. swirskii as Intraguild predator (IG-predator)/intraguild prey (IG-prey) in either absence or presence of extra-guild prey Tetranychus urticae Koch (EG-prey). In the laboratory, the physiological parameters, longevity, fecundity, and predation rate of these predatory mites’ females, fed on EG-prey, were evaluated, where phytoseiid larvae are considered as (IG-prey) or combined IG-prey with EG-prey. All predatory species consumed larval stages of each other’s, but in case of N. californicus, females failed to sustain oviposition on N. barkeri larvae. Also, it was noticed that N. californicus females killed 3 times more A. swirskii larvae than N. barkeri larvae, whereas A. swirskii consumed more N. californicus than N. barkeri larvae, respectively. Neoseiulus californicus lived longer on T. urticae and A. swirskii larvae than on N. barkeri, while the latter survived longer on T. urticae only than on the other prey or with combinations with T. urticae. Amblyseius swirskii lived shorter when fed exclusively on T. urticae or IG-prey than on EG-prey combined with IG-prey. In choice experiments, N. californicus showed a higher preference to consume more T. urticae than any of phytoseiid larvae. The comparison between T. urticae and IG-prey diets definite the higher influence of T. urticae on the fecundity in N. californicus and N. barkeri than on IG-prey, whereas in A. swirskii fecundity was as equal on T. urticae as on IG-prey N. californicus larvae. Conclusion A. swirskii seemed to be the strongest IG-predator.

The effect of con/heterospecific diet on predation, oviposition and longevity of Amblyseius swirskii, Neoseiulus californicus and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2240-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Haghani ◽  
Azadeh Zahedi-golpayegani ◽  
Alireza Saboori ◽  
Hossein Allahyari
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraguild Predator ◽  
Prey Scarcity

Intraguild predation (IGP) consists of interacting individuals with context dependent roles that compete for food. Information about the predator trophic interactions i.e. cannibalism or feeding on heterospecific juveniles, is a key to understand the real impact of their combinations when introduced in biological control systems. The hypothesis here, assumed that the pairwise introduction of the female predatory mites, N. californicus (predator) + P. persimilis (heterospecific prey) and vice versa, A. swirskii (predator) + P. persimilis (heterospecific prey) and vice versa could exist in the Tetranychus urticae (main prey) scarcity. Three diets consisted of either conspecific or heterospecific six eggs, four eggs + four larvae and four protonymphs were introduced to the guilds. The predation and oviposition rates and the longevity of each female intraguild predator on detached bean leaf disc was recorded every three hours for 12 consecutive days. Neoseiulus californicus predation rate was estimated to be highest on conspecific eggs + larvae (11.35 ± 1.12) and so was on those of P. persimilis (55.7 ± 3.42). No significant difference was observed in N. californicus oviposition rate on three conspecific diets (P > 0.05), while its oviposition rate was highest on P. persimilis eggs + larvae (7.15 ± 0.80). Phytoseiulus persimilis predation rate was estimated to be highest on eggs + larvae both on N. californicus and P. persimilis as prey. Its oviposition rate was estimated to be highest when feeding on conspecific eggs (2.25 ± 0.19) and N. californicus eggs + larvae. Amblyseius swirskii fed on 45 ± 2.79 P. persimilis and 12.90 ± 1.51 A. swirskii eggs + larvae, which was significantly higher than predation rates on other stages (P < 0.01). Amblyseius swirskii oviposition rate was not significantly different on each of the three diets or on A. swirskii or P. persimilis as prey (P > 0.05). The oviposition rate of P. persimilis was the highest on A. swirskii eggs + larvae (1.45 ± 0.19). When N. californicus fed on each of the three diet types, no significant difference was observed in its longevity. The greatest longevity of P. persimilis was recorded when feeding on N. californicus/P. persimilis eggs. Longevity of A. swirskii was the greatest on P. persimilis eggs and protonymphs. Similarly, P. persimilis had the greatest longevity feeding on A. swirskii eggs. We concluded that the predator species were capable of surviving under conditions of scarce prey when heterospecific species are present.

scholarly journals Evaluation of two predatory mites and acaricide to suppress Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed M. El-Saiedy ◽  
Shimaa F. Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Abstract Background The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a major pest of strawberry. It was necessary to control this mite pest that can reducing the quality and quantity of the fruits. In this regard, the effect of ZORO acaricide, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot for suppressing the naturally occurring T. urticae populations on three strawberry cultivars were investigated. Results The two predatory mites and ZORO treatments significantly suppressed the populations of T. urticae below the control in all tested cultivars. In most cases of the current study, significantly lower numbers of T. urticae were generally observed in ZORO and N. californicus treatments compared to A. swirskii treatment. In all cultivars, the overall mean of reduction percentages of T. urticae populations in N. californicus and ZORO treatments were not statistically different, and all were significantly higher than that in A. swirskii treatment. Conclusion The present results suggested that the release of N. californicus and the application of ZORO acaricide could be promising strategies for controlling T. urticae on strawberry, although the release of N. californicus appears to be more competent tactic than ZORO acaricide.

scholarly journals Benefit-cost Trade-offs of Early Learning in Foraging Predatory Mites Amblyseius Swirskii

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga C. Christiansen ◽  
Sandra Szin ◽  
Peter Schausberger
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Early Learning ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Juvenile Development

Abstract Learning is changed behavior following experience, and ubiquitous in animals including plant-inhabiting predatory mites (Phytoseiidae). Learning has many benefits but also incurs costs, which are only poorly understood. Here, we addressed learning, especially its costs, in the generalist predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii, a biocontrol agent of several herbivores, which can also survive on pollen. The goals of our research were (1) to scrutinize if A. swirskii is able to learn during early life in foraging contexts and, if so, (2) to determine the costs of early learning. In the experiments, we used one difficult-to-grasp prey, i.e., thrips, and one easy-to-grasp prey, i.e., spider mites. Our experiments show that A. swirskii is able to learn during early life. Adult predators attacked prey experienced early in life (i.e., matching prey) more quickly than they attacked unknown (i.e., non-matching) prey. Furthermore, we observed both fitness benefits and operating (physiological) costs of early learning. Predators receiving the matching prey produced the most eggs, whereas predators receiving the non-matching prey produced the least. Thrips-experienced predators needed the longest for juvenile development. Our findings may be used to enhance A. swirskii’s efficacy in biological control, by priming young predators on a specific prey early in life.

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