Specification for Degummed Soybean Oil

10.1520/d0124 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Leandro Rade ◽  
Sarah Arvelos ◽  
Marcos Antônio de Souza Barrozo ◽  
Lucienne Lobato Romanielo ◽  
Erika Ohta Watanabe ◽  
...  




2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailley A Richardson ◽  
Kurt A Rosentrater




HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 829E-829
Author(s):  
D.E. Deyton ◽  
C.E. Sams ◽  
C.D. Pless

Four-year-old `Gala' and `Widjit' apple trees with significant apple aphid populations were sprayed to runoff on 13 May 1994 with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, or 2.0% (v/v) emulsified degummed soybean oil (SO) or with 1.0% petroleum (dormant) oil (PO). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with five single-tree replications. Apple aphid populations were determined on 10 tagged shoots per tree. The top fully expanded leaf of two randomly selected shoots per tree were tagged and net photosynthesis (Pn) and transpiration (Tr) measured. Trees treated with SO or PO had <20% as many aphids after treatment as nontreated trees. Trees treated with 2% SO had lower Pn and Tr than the control for 18 days after treatment. Spraying 0.1% or 0.5% SO caused less initial reduction of Pn than 2.0% SO, and the effect was shorter lasting. Four-year-old `Oregon Spur' and `Empire' were sprayed with 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0% SO or PO on 26 June. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with four single-tree replications. Pn rates of trees treated with 0.1% to 1.0% soybean oil were <40% of nontreated trees the day after treatment, but recovered to >80% of control in 5 days.



2011 ◽  
Vol 378 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Sérgi Gomes ◽  
Pedro Augusto Arroyo ◽  
Nehemias Curvelo Pereira


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e47310414222
Author(s):  
Camilla Mendonça Silva ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti ◽  
Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento Nascimento ◽  
Taynah Vieira Aguiar Farias ◽  
...  

The energy content is the most expensive component in the diet for production of swine. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the profitability of nutritional plans with different net energy (NE) levels for barrows and gilts through sensitivity analysis. Nutritional plans with variable levels of NE were evaluated (2300; 2380; 2460; 2540; 2620 and 2700 kcal of NE/kg) in diets of 144 swines. The carcasses gross profit was determined based on bonus system (CGPbs) and or based solely on live weights (CGPlw). A sensitivity analysis was performed for each NE nutritional plan with different simulations of price quotes for the ingredients in the diet. The simulations carried out for the price of corn for nutritional plans for barrows, indicate that higher levels of net energy provided the highest CGPbs and CGPlw. For degummed soybean oil, the increase in the concentration of net energy in diets provided an increase of up to 6% in CGPbs and CGPlw. For gilts, the increase of energy levels in the diets from 2460 to 2700 kcal of net energy improved the gross profit by 17% when carcasses were sold based on bonus system (CGPbs) and CGPlw was higher when fed with the diet containing 2540 kcal of NE. The increase in the net energy level from 2300 to 2700 kcal in the diet of both barrows and gilts during the growth-finishing phase generated improvements in economic gains, regardless of the way in which the animals are marketed (CGPbs and CGPlw).



2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Fornasero ◽  
R. N. Marenchino ◽  
C. L. Pagliero

The aim of this work was to study the removal of free fatty acids (FFAs) from soybean oil, combining solvent extraction (liquid-liquid) for the separation of FFAs from the oil and membrane technology to recover the solvent through nanofiltration (NF). Degummed soybean oil containing 1.05 ± 0.10% w/w FFAs was deacidified by extraction with ethanol. Results obtained in the experiences of FFAs extraction from oil show that the optimal operating conditions are the following: 1.8 : 1 w : w ethanol/oil ratio, 30 minutes extraction time and high speed of agitation and 30 minutes repose time after extraction at ambient temperature. As a result of these operations two phases are obtained: deacidified oil phase and ethanol phase (containing the FFAs). The oil from the first extraction is subjected to a second extraction under the same conditions, reducing the FFA concentration in oil to 0.09%. Solvent recovery from the ethanol phase is performed using nanofiltration technology with a commercially available polymeric NF membrane (NF-99-HF, Alfa Laval). From the analysis of the results we can conclude that the optimal operating conditions are pressure of 20 bar and temperature of 35°C, allowing better separation performance: permeate flux of 28.3 L/m2·h and FFA retention of 70%.





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