A Simple Application of the Carbon Replica Technique

2009 ◽  
pp. 99-99-4
Author(s):  
L. Pellier
Keyword(s):  
Simple Application ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica

Surface Structure of Nucleated Animal Cells: Carbon Replicas

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser ◽  
Thea B. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Characteristic Particle ◽  
Cell Surface Structure ◽  
Carbon Replicas

The carbon-replica technique can be used to obtain information about cell-surface structure that cannot ordinarily be obtained by thin-section techniques. Mammalian erythrocytes have been studied by the replica technique and they appear to be characterized by a pebbly or “plaqued“ surface texture. The characteristic “particle” diameter is about 200 Å to 400 Å. We have now extended our observations on cell-surface structure to chicken and frog erythrocytes, which possess a broad range of cellular functions, and to normal rat lymphocytes and mouse ascites tumor cells, which are capable of cell division. In these experiments fresh cells were washed in Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium Salt Solution (for suspension cultures) and one volume of a 10% cell suspension was added to one volume of 2% OsO4 or 5% gluteraldehyde in 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3. Carbon replicas were obtained by a technique similar to that employed by Glaeser et al. Figure 1 shows an electron micrograph of a carbon replica made from a chicken erythrocyte, and Figure 2 shows an enlarged portion of the same cell.

scholarly journals Cuticular Transpiration and Wax Structure and Composition of Leaves and Fruit of Vitis Vinifera

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Possingham ◽  
TC Chambers ◽  
F Radler ◽  
M Grncarevic
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Cuticular Transpiration ◽  
Leaf Wax ◽  
Surface Wax ◽  
Platelet Structure

The fine structure of the surface wax of leaves of sultana vines (Vitia viiUJera var. sultana) has been examined using the carbon replica technique. Leaf wax was found to be morphologically similar to the wax on the surface of grapes and to consist of a series of overlapping platelets. A brief period (30 sec) of exposure to light petroleum vapour disorganized the platelet structure of both leaf and fruit wax. This treatment markedly increased the cuticular transpiration of both fruits and leaves. The results are discussed in relation to the known chemical composition of these waxes. It is suggested that the surface wax, which consists of overlapping platelets that are hydrophobic in nature, may be important in controlling cuticular transpiration in both the fruit and leaves of grape.vines.

scholarly journals Studies of the Fine Structure of the Wax Layer of Sultana Grapes

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
TC Chambers ◽  
JV Possingham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica

The surface waxy bloom of sultana grapes has been studied using the carbon. replica technique in combination with electron microscopy. This layer consists of a series of overlapping wax platelets, each of which is about 0�1 f' wide. The air spaces between the wax platelets become filled with liquid when sultana berries are dipped in commercial emulsions known to accelerate their drying rate. Washing in distilled water removes this layer of dipping emulsion from the surface. The appearance of dipped and washed grapes is similar to that of untreated grapes.

scholarly journals The Structure of the Cuticular Wax of Prune Plums and its Influence as a Water Barrier

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M Bain ◽  
D Mcg Mcbean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Water Barrier

Wax on the surface of prune plums, sampled from 2 weeks before fruit was mature until 2 weeks after, was shown by electron microscopy, using the carbon� replica technique, to occur in a two-layer structure. The iruier layer consisted of a matrix of thin platelets, while the outer layer was composed of fragile projections, many of which appeared tubular. The incidence and complexity of the projections in the outer layer increased as the fruit matured.

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