scholarly journals Regulation by Protein Kinase A Switching of Axonal Pathfinding of Zebrafish Olfactory Sensory Neurons through the Olfactory Placode–Olfactory Bulb Boundary

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 4964-4972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Yoshida ◽  
Aya Ito ◽  
Naoto Matsuda ◽  
Masayoshi Mishina
2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (06) ◽  
pp. 1011-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoaki Harada ◽  
Hirotaka Isobe ◽  
Mitsuhiro Uchiba ◽  
Kenji Okajima

SummaryWe recently demonstrated that activation of the pulmonary sensory neurons plays a critical role in prevention of endotoxininduced shock by releasing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in rats. CGRP increased the endothelial production of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the lungs, thereby preventing endotoxininduced shock response by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production. Since antithrombin (AT) enhances sensory neuron activation, we hypothesized that AT might reduce endotoxin-induced hypotension by enhancing the activation of pulmonary sensory neurons in rats. We examined this possibility using a rat model of endotoxin shock. AT-induced effects including reduction of hypotension (n=5) and inhibition of induction of iNOS (n=4 or 5) and TNF-α (n=5) in the lungs of endotoxin-treated animals were completely reversed by pretreatment with capsazepine (CPZ) (n=4 or 5), a vanilloid receptor antagonist, or CGRP(8–37), a CGRP receptor antagonist (n=4 or 5). AT enhanced endotoxin-induced increases in lung tissue levels of CGRP (n=4), but this effect of AT was not seen in animals pretreated with CPZ (n=4). CGRP produced therapeutic effects (n=5) similar to those induced by AT, and such therapeutic effects were completely abrogated by pretreatment with indomethacin (n=4). AT increased CGRP release from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons only in the presence of anandamide (n=5),andAT-induced increase in CGRP release was not observed in the presence KT5720, an inhibitor of protein kinase A (n=5). AT markedly increased intracellular levels of cAMP in the presence of anandamide (n=5).These results strongly suggested that AT might reduce endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats by enhancing activation of sensory neurons via activation of protein kinase A.


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1993 ◽  
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pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bacskai ◽  
B Hochner ◽  
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Adams ◽  
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2008 ◽  
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...  

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