Bindungslängen-Bindungsstärken-Beziehungen für Oxide von 4p-, 5p- und 6p-Elementen

1993 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Chladek ◽  
Martin Trömel
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Oxidation States

AbstractBond-length-bond-strength relationships which are valid for different oxidation states of the elements have been established for oxides of As, Se, Br, Pb and Bi. According to new structural data, such relationships of single oxidation states in oxides of Ga(III), Ge(IV), In(III), Tl(I) and Tl(III) have been recalculated as well as those for oxides of Sn, Sb, Te, and I.

Bindungslängen – Bindungsstärken-Beziehungen für Oxide von 4d- und 5d-Elementen

1992 ◽  
Vol 200 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Fink ◽  
Martin Trömel
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Oxidation States

AbstractBond-length – bond-strength relationships which are valid for different oxidation states of the metals have been established for oxides of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Re, Os, Ir, and Hg, and for single oxidation states in oxides of Tc(VII) and Au(III). According to new structural data, such relationships have also been recalculated for Y(III), La(III), Zr, Hf(IV), and Cd(II). Exceptions are discussed.

scholarly journals Isomers in the chemistry of iron coordination compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Melnik ◽  
Mária Kohútová
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Chemistry ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Iron Atom ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Coordination Complexes ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Iron Coordination ◽  
Atom Bond

AbstractThe coordination chemistry of iron covers a wide field, as shown by a survey covering the crystallographic and structural data of almost one thousand and three hundred coordination complexes. About 6.7% of these complexes exist as isomers and are summarized in this review. Included are distortion (96.6%) and cis — trans (3.4%) isomers. These are discussed in terms of the coordination about the iron atom, bond length and interbond angles. Distortion isomers, differing only by degree of distortion in Fe-L, Fe-L-Fe and L-Fe-L parameters, are the most common. Iron is found in the oxidation states zero, +2 and +3 of which +3 is most common. The stereochemistry around iron centers are tetrahedral, five — coordinated (mostly trigonal — bipyramid) and six — coordinated. The most common ligands have O and N donor sites.

Molecular mimicry of the bond length-bond strength variations in oxide crystals

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Gibbs ◽  
L. W. Finger ◽  
M. B. Boisen
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
Oxide Crystals

Redshift or Adduct Stabilization—A Computational Study of Hydrogen Bonding in Adducts of Protonated Carboxylic Acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Gaarn Olesen ◽  
Steen Hammerum
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Proton Affinities ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Strength ◽  
Length Changes

It is generally expected that the hydrogen bond strength in a D–H•••A adduct is predicted by the difference between the proton affinities (Δ PA) of D and A, measured by the adduct stabilization, and demonstrated by the infrared (IR) redshift of the D–H bond stretching vibrational frequency. These criteria do not always yield consistent predictions, as illustrated by the hydrogen bonds formed by the E and Z OH groups of protonated carboxylic acids. The Δ PA and the stabilization of a series of hydrogen bonded adducts indicate that the E OH group forms the stronger hydrogen bonds, whereas the bond length changes and the redshift favor the Z OH group, matching the results of NBO and AIM calculations. This reflects that the thermochemistry of adduct formation is not a good measure of the hydrogen bond strength in charged adducts, and that the ionic interactions in the E and Z adducts of protonated carboxylic acids are different. The OH bond length and IR redshift afford the better measure of hydrogen bond strength.

Pauling bond strength, bond length and electron density distribution

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Gibbs ◽  
N. L. Ross ◽  
D. F. Cox ◽  
K. M. Rosso ◽  
B. B. Iversen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Electron Density Distribution

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Bond Performance of Carbon- and Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP/GFRP) Bars and Steel Strands to Concrete

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
Zike Wang ◽  
Shuaikai Feng ◽  
Xinglong Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Bond Performance ◽  
Gfrp Bars ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Gfrp Bar ◽  
Strength Retention

FRP bars and steel strands are widely used in civil engineering. In this study, three different types of high-strength reinforcement materials, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar, glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar, and steel strand, were investigated for their interfacial bond performance with concrete. A total of 90 sets of specimens were conducted to analyze the effects of various parameters such as the diameter of reinforcement, bond length, the grade of concrete and stirrup on the bond strength and residual bond strength. The results show that CFRP bars possess a higher bond strength retention rate than steel bars in the residual section. In addition, with the increase in bond length and diameter of the CFRP bar, the residual bond strength decreases, and the bond strength retention rate decreases. Furthermore, the bond strength retention rate of GFRP bars was found to be higher than that of CFRP bars. With the increase in grade of concrete, the bond strength and residual bond strength between GFRP bars and concrete increases, but the bond strength retention rate decreases. With an increase in bond length and diameter of the GFRP bar, the bond strength starts to decrease. Further, stirrup can also increase the bond strength and reduce the slip at the free end of GFRP bars. Moreover, the bond strength retention rate of the steel strand was found to be lower than CFRP and GFRP bar.

Re-evaluation of the bond length-bond strength rule: The stronger bond is not always the shorter bond

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfi Kraka ◽  
Dani Setiawan ◽  
Dieter Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bond Length
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