SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND THE RESPONSE TO THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND IN BORDERLINE AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gordin ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
R. Pelkonen ◽  
B.-A. Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined by the double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 58 patients with primary hypothyroidism and was found to be elevated in all but 2 patients, one of whom had overt and one clinically borderline hypothyroidism. Six (29%) out of 21 subjects with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) had an elevated serum TSH level. There was little correlation between the severity of the disease and the serum TSH values in individual cases. However, the mean serum TSH value in overt hypothyroidism (93.4 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean value both in clinically borderline hypothyroidism (34.4 μU/ml) and in SAT (8.8 μU/ml). The response to the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was increased in all 39 patients with overt or borderline hypothyroidism and in 9 (43 %) of the 21 subjects with SAT. The individual TRH response in these two groups showed a marked overlap, but the mean response was significantly higher in overt (149.5 μU/ml) or clinically borderline hypothyroidism (99.9 μU/ml) than in SAT (35.3 μU/ml). Thus a normal basal TSH level in connection with a normal response to TRH excludes primary hypothyroidism, but nevertheless not all patients with elevated TSH values or increased responses to TRH are clinically hypothyroid.

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND CIRCULATING THYROGLOBULIN ANTIBODIES IN SUBJECTS WITH NON-TOXIC GOITRE AND IN EUTHYROID SUBJECTS WHO HAD UNDERGONE SUBTOTAL THYROIDECTOMY OR RADIOIODINE THERAPY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Gordin
Keyword(s):  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Thyroglobulin Antibodies ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Immune Phenomena ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT As part of a multiphasic health examination in two regions in the east of Finland, 5492 adult subjects were studied in the province of Kainuu and 2767 in the city of Joensuu. The general prevalence of goitre was 6.0 % in the Kainuu region and 4.2 % in Joensuu and that of frank hypothyroidism 0.3 and 0.4 %, respectively. The serum thyrotrophin (TSH) and circulating thyroglobulin antibodies (TgA) were determined in subjects with non-toxic goitre, in euthyroid subjects who had undergone thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy, and in matched controls without thyroid disease. In a group of 99 subjects with non-toxic goitre the mean serum TSH (2.9 μU/ml) did not differ from the mean (2.9 μU/ml) of the 40 corresponding controls. Of the 36 subjects who were euthyroid after thyroidectomy without recurrent goitre, 9 had an elevated serum TSH level, and the mean value for this group (5.8 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean (3.5 μU/ml) for the 36 controls. Of the 19 subjects with recurrent non-toxic goitre, 2 had an elevated serum TSH level, but the mean value (5.0 μU/ml) was not significantly higher than the mean (3.4 μU/ml) for the 19 controls. Of the 15 subjects who were euthyroid after radioiodine therapy, 4 had an elevated serum TSH level, and the mean value (6.2 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean of the 15 controls (3.3 μU/ml). The subjects with non-toxic goitre and positive TgA titres had a significantly higher mean serum TSH than those with goitre but negative TgA titres (3.8 against 2.7 μU/ml). The thyroidectomized subjects without recurrent goitre who had detectable TgA had a significantly lower mean serum TSH than the corresponding subjects who were TgA-negative (4.0 against 6.4 μU/ml). The subjects with recurrent goitre and positive TgA titres had a higher mean TSH level than those without TgA (7.6 against 3.5 μU/ml). but the difference was not significant. Subjects previously treated with radioiodine who had positive TgA titres had a lower mean serum TSH than those who were TgA-negative (4.6 against 6.8 μU/ml), but the difference was not significant. About a fourth of the subjects who were euthyroid after previous thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy in the present study had elevated serum TSH values, indicating slight thyroid failure. The present results also indicate that auto-immune phenomena may play some part in producing slight thyroid failure in non-toxic goitre, but that other factors are responsible for the elevated TSH values in euthyroid subjects after thyroidectomy or treatment with radioiodine.

EFFECT OF THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE ON SERUM LEVELS OF PITUITARY HORMONES IN MEN AND WOMEN

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Torjesen ◽  
E. Haug ◽  
T. Sand
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT The rapid iv administration of 0.5 mg of synthetic thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) increased the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in 20 normal subjects from baseline levels of 2.0 ± 0.5 ng/ml (sem) to peak values of 6.0 ± 0.7 ng/ml (sem) in women and 4.5 ± 0.5 ng/ml (sem) in men. The maximal increase occurred 30 min after TRH. The serum growth hormone (HGH) concentrations increased from baseline levels of 2.6± 1.0 ng/ml (sem) to peak values of 7.8± 1.3 ng/ml (sem) in women. In men there was no rise in the serum HGH concentrations. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) did not change significantly. In patients with hyperthyroidism the serum TSH concentrations did not change following TRH. Patients with primary hypothyroidism showed an exaggerated and prolonged increase in serum TSH concentrations after TRH administration. A routine TRH-stimulation test is proposed.

SOME ASPECTS OF HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Travaglini ◽  
P. Beck-Peccoz ◽  
C. Ferrari ◽  
B. Ambrosi ◽  
A. Paracchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Increase ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT The secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyrotrophin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL, was studied in 17 women suffering from anorexia nervosa. The mean basal serum LH was reduced (8.4 ± 0.8 se mIU/ml; P < 0.001 vs normal controls), while LH increase after gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (LH-RH) appeared to be normal in 9 cases and impaired in 6 cases. The mean basal FSH did not significantly differ from normal subjects (3.9 ± 0.5 mIU/ml), while LH-RH administration elicited an exaggerated increase in 7 cases and a normal increase in 8 cases: the mean FSH response was significantly higher than in controls (P < 0.02). Plasma oestradiol-17β was reduced (20.4 ± 0.4 pg/ml; P < 0.001) while the serum testosterone levels were normal (0.73 ± 0.09 ng/ml). Clomiphene administration induced an increase in gonadotrophins in only 1 out of 7 patients. The mean serum TSH concentration was normal (2.3 ± 0.4 μU/ml), while serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine and free thyroxine index, though generally in the normal range, were significantly lower than values obtained in a control group (6.1 ± 0.4 μg/100 ml, P< 0.005; 102.3±7.7 ng/100 ml, P <0.005; 3.8±0.3, P < 0.05). Though the mean serum TSH increase after thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was normal (12.0 ± 2.3 μU/ml), there were 4 impaired and 1 exaggerated increases, and 8 patients showed a delayed and frequently prolonged response. The increase in serum T3 after TRH appeared lower than in normal subjects (36.3 ± 1.8 ng/100 ml, P < 0.001). Serum PRL levels in basal conditions were higher than in the controls (19.4 ± 4.1 ng/ml, P < 0.001) while the increase in PRL after TRH was exaggerated in only 2 patients. The present data suggest that the primary failure in gonadotrophin secretion in anorexia nervosa occurs at hypothalamic level; moreover the data on TSH and PRL secretion also point to the existence of a hypothalamic disorder in this disease.

Serum prolactin and thyrotrophin responses to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone at different times of the day in normal women

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Pérez-López ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
M. D. Abós
Keyword(s):  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Hormonal Release ◽  
Test Serum ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. In order to determine whether or not the pituitary responsiveness to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) changes during the nyctohemeral cycle, 10 healthy regularly cycling women were given 200 μg of TRH at 02.00 h, 10.00 h and 18.00 h with at least a 32 h interval between each test. Serum prolactin (Prl) and thyrotrophin (TSH) in 7 of the 10 women were measured serially before and after TRH administration. The mean basal Prl levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. The mean basal TSH levels were higher, although not significantly, at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h. Although a higher TSH release occurred at 02.00 h than at 10.00 h and 18.00 h, the mean serum TSH and Prl peak responses to TRH were statistically similar in the three groups of tests. The integrated changes scores, calculated as the difference between the average post-TRH hormonal release and the average baseline levels, although higher in the 18.00 h test for Prl and the 02.00 h test for TSH, were not statistically different among the three tests.

Evolution of Hashimoto thyroiditis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1525-1531
Author(s):  
Feneli Karachaliou ◽  
Nikitas Skarakis ◽  
Evangelia Bountouvi ◽  
Theodora Spyropoulou ◽  
Eleni Tsintzou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Serum Tsh

AbstractObjectivesTreatment of children with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and particularly of those with coexistent diabetes mellitus type 1 (TIDM) and normal/mildly elevated serum TSH is controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the natural course of HT in children with TIDM compared with children with no other coexistent autoimmunity and investigate for possible predictive factors of thyroid function deterioration.MethodsData from 96 children with HT, 32 with T1DM (23 girls, nine boys) mean (sd) age: 10.6 (2.3) years, and 64 age and sex-matched without T1DΜ (46 girls, 18 boys), mean (sd) age: 10.2 (2.9) years were evaluated retrospectively. They all had fT4 and TSH values within normal ranges and available data for at least three years’ follow-up.ResultsDuring the follow-up period, 11 children (34.4%) with TIDM exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism and two children (6.2%) progressed to overt hypothyroidism compared to 12 (18.8%) and two (3.1%) among children without TIDM, respectively. Among children with HT, a higher percentage (40.6%) of children with T1DM progressed to subclinical or overt hypothyroidism, compared with children (21.9%) with similar characteristics but without TIDM or other coexistent autoimmunity.ConclusionsThe annual conversion rate from euthyroidism to hypothyroidism in children with T1DM was significantly higher compared to sex and age-matched children without TIDM. Prospective randomized trials are needed to support the view of an earlier intervention therapy even in milder degrees of thyroid failure in these children.

RESPONSE OF NORMAL, HYPOTHYROID AND HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY INSUFFICIENT CHILDREN TO SYNTHETIC THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. MILHAUD ◽  
P. RIVAILLE ◽  
M. S. MOUKHTAR ◽  
E. BINET ◽  
J. C. JOB
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Course Changes ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Deficiency

SUMMARY Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was synthesized by the solid phase technique, administered to 13 children, and the time-course changes in the serum level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) assessed. In eight normal children, peak levels of TSH occurred 20 min after the injection, and circulating TSH remained significantly raised for 60 min. In three hypothyroid children, the increase in serum TSH was much greater than in normal children, suggesting the existence of large pituitary TSH stores. In two hypopituitary children with TSH deficiency, TSH reserves seemed normal. One of these patients had a craniopharyngioma; after operation, the increase in serum TSH was reduced. These results show that assay of serum TSH after administration of synthetic TRH provides a test which distinguishes pituitary from hypothalamic defects affecting TSH secretion.

Infection of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), with the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus (Kuwahara, Niimi et Itagaki, 1974) in Polish waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Popielarczyk ◽  
S. Robak ◽  
K. Siwicki
Keyword(s):  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Szczecin Lagoon ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anguillicoloides Crassus ◽  
Anatomical Pathology

Infection of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), with the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus (Kuwahara, Niimi et Itagaki, 1974) in Polish waters The aim of this study was to determine the degree of Anguillicoloides crassus infection in European eel inhabiting Polish waters based on selected parasitic descriptors and on anatomical pathology of the swimbladder using macroscopic methods. In all, 154 European eel specimens were sampled from eleven sites in Poland and A. crassus was present in the swimbladder of 114 fish. The intensity of A. crassus infection in all the eel specimens ranged from 1 to 62 parasites at a mean value of 7.5. High values of mean infection intensity were noted in samples from Pomeranian lakes Bukowo, Łebsko, and Jamno. The health of the swimbladder was evaluated using the swimbladder degenerative index (SDI). The mean value of the SDI for all of the eel examined was 3.3, and extensively degenerated swimbladders were observed mainly in samples in the Szczecin Lagoon and from lakes. According to the individual SDI ratings, 9.1% of the eel specimens did not exhibit pathological symptoms of the swimbladder (SDI-0) and an extremely damaged (SDI-6) swimbladder was noted in 11.7% of the fish examined. In the case of eel infected with A. crassus, higher SDI values were reflected in initially increasing shares in subsequent categories. In fish that were not infected with the nematode, only 20% (8 individuals) of the swimbladders showed no symptoms of pathology (SDI-0).

The Effect of Thyrotrophin-Releasing Hormone on Serum TSH, T4, and T3Levels in Endemic and Sporadic Nontoxic Goitre

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (06) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rothenbuchner ◽  
D. Koutras ◽  
S. Raptis ◽  
J. Birk ◽  
U. Loos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Tsh

Hypothyroidism following Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald P. Vrabec ◽  
Timothy J. Heffron
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Tsh Levels

One hundred ninety-six head and neck patients were studied to determine the effects of radiation therapy and surgery on thyroid function. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were obtained as a screening test for primary hypothyroidism. Elevated TSH levels were found in 57 of the 196 patients (29.1%). The highest incidence of abnormal TSH values (66%) occurred in the group treated with combination radiation therapy and surgery, including partial thyroidectomy. TSH levels rose early in the posttreatment period with 60% of the abnormal values occurring within the first three posttreatment years. Posttreatment thyroid dysfunction was twice as common in women (48.6%) as in men (25.4%). When serum thyroxine levels by radioimmunoassay (T4RIA) were correlated with the elevated serum TSH levels, a similar pattern was seen with 65% of the patients in Group 3 having a decreased T4RIA level indicating overt hypothyroidism. Pretreatment levels of thyroid function including thyroid antibody studies should be established for all patients. Serial TSH levels should be done every three months during the first three posttreatment years and semiannually thereafter as long as the patient will return for follow-up care. All patients treated with combination radiation therapy and surgery who develop elevated TSH levels should be treated with thyroid replacement therapy. Patients receiving radiation therapy alone should receive replacement thyroid therapy if they develop a depressed T4RIA value or a pattern of gradually increasing TSH levels.

EFFECT OF THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE AND THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE ON SERUM PROTEIN-BOUND 131I

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egil Haug ◽  
Harald Frey ◽  
Terje Sand
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Peak Response ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Clear Dose Response ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Seventeen subjects without any clinical or laboratory evidence of thyroidal or pituitary disease were given 1.0 mg thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) as a rapid iv injection 48 hours after an oral dose of 50 μCi 131I-. In all subjects there was a clear rise in serum PB131I. The elevation in the mean serum PB131I was significant (P<0.01) one hour after TRH, and the mean peak response was noted at 4 hours. It is suggested that this elevation in serum PB131I following TRH administration reflects the effect of the TSH released. In order to find the most suitable method of administration, 1.0 mg TRH was given iv, im, or as a 1 hour infusion. The maximal responses seemed to be independent of the mode of administration. Six subjects were given 3.0 mg TRH iv and 4 others 6.0 mg TRH iv. It was not possible to demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship. In five subjects the serum PB127I and the serum PB131I were measured at the same times following administration of TRH. This showed that the serum PB131I was a more sensitive index of TSH release than the serum PB127I. Twenty-four hours after the TRH injection the same subjects were given 5 IU TSH as a rapid iv or im injection. All subjects responded with a significant rise in serum PB131I. In the subjects who did not respond to TRH the response to TSH allows the differentiation between pituitary and thyroid disease.

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